Pseudomonas putida P286 and Bacillus thuringiensis B157 controlled coffee rust under greenhouse and field conditions. Now we studied the mechanism(s) of antagonism of both bacteria to Hemileia vastatrix. Bacterial effects on urediniospore germination and disease severity were evaluated in experiments with six treatments: (i) growth broth, (ii) supernatant centrifugation, (iii) bacterial cell centrifugation and re-suspension, (iv) UV inactivation of the bacteria, (v) 523 medium, and (vi) saline solution. The treatments i to iii reduced both spore germination and disease severity. Each isolate was applied at different concentrations and time periods before inoculation of H. vastatrix. The efficiency in controlling rust was reduced at the lowest concentrations and at the largest intervals between applications. In spatial separation experiments, both bacteria did not induce systemic protection, whereas protected locally the coffee plants against H. vastatrix. Therefore, the mechanism of both isolates against H. vastatrix is attributed to the production of antifungal compound (s).

El monitoreo de machos de minador del café Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae), fue evaluado utilizando trampas cebadas con feromonas sexuales. Se realizaron evaluaciones de las poblaciones de los machos de L. coffeella y del porcentaje de hojas minadas y huevos en siete cafetales, localizados en la región del Triángulo Mineiro y en la Zona da Mata, MG, Brasil. El periodo de evaluación varió entre 6 a 20 meses. Se verificó la variación de las capturas de machos entre las diferentes regiones. Para el Triángulo Mineiro se encontró una relación positiva entre la captura de machos y el porcentaje de hojas minadas (R² = 0.79). Para la Zona da Mata esta relación fue significativa, aunque baja (R² = 0.06). En esta última región, también se observó una relación significativa entre la captura de machos y los huevos de esta plaga (R² = 0.34). De las variables climáticas analizadas, la reducción de temperatura promedio favoreció la infestación de los cafetales y la captura de los machos. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que existe una relación significativa entre la captura de machos y la densidad poblacional de L. coffeella. Por lo tanto, se recomienda el uso de estas trampas con feromonas sexuales para el monitoreo del minador del café.

The use of pheromone traps was tested for monitoring males of the coffee leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Méneville) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae). Insect sampling was carried out in seven coffee plantations under different agronomic conditions in the two regions - Triángulo Mineiro and Zona da Mata, MG, Brazil. The sampling period ranged from 6 to 20 months. The locality significantly affected male capture. Among the weather variables analyzed, the decrease in the average temperature favored higher infestations of L. coffeella in coffee plants and higher male capture. A positive relation between male capture and percent of leaves mined (R² = 0.79) was observed in the Triángulo Mineiro while in Zona da Mata this relationship was weak, although significant (R² =0.06). In this last region, a positive and significant correlation between males captured and pest eggs was observed (R² = 0.34). The results of this study suggest that there is a significant correlation between the male capture by pheromone traps and the population density of L. coffeella, emphasizing the potential of pheromone traps for monitoring the coffee leaf miner.