Abstract Background: Ultra-low-dose Spinal Anesthesia (SA) is the practice of employing minimal doses of intrathecal agents so that only the roots that supply a specific area are anesthetized. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of ultra-low-dose spinal anesthesia with that of Perineal Blocks (PB). Methods: A two-arm, parallel, double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing two anesthetic techniques (SA and PB) for hemorrhoidectomy and anal fistula surgery was performed. The primary outcomes were postoperative pain, complementation and/or conversion of anesthesia, and hemodynamic changes. Results: Fifty-nine patients were included in the final analysis. The mean pain values were similar in the first 48 h in both groups (p > 0.05). The individuals allocated to the SA group did not need anesthetic complementation; however, those in the PB group required it considerably (SA group, 0% vs. PB group, 25%; p = 0.005). Hemodynamic changes were more pronounced after PB: during all surgical times, the PB group showed lower MAP values and higher HR values (p < 0.05). Postoperative urinary retention rates were similar between both groups (SA group 0% vs. PB group 3.1%, p = 0.354). Conclusion: SA and PB are similarly effective in pain control during the first 48 h after hemorrhoidec-tomy and anal fistula surgery. Although surgical time was shorter among patients in the PB group, the SA technique may be preferable as it avoids the need for additional anesthesia. Furthermore, the group that received perineal blocks was under sedation with a considerable dose of propofol.

ABSTRACT Paddy rice production based on traditional soil management emits large amounts of methane (CH4) into the atmosphere. This study assessed the potential of no-tillage (NT) and winter cover crops (WCC) to mitigate net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in a subtropical paddy rice ecosystem. A long-term (20-yrs) experiment was evaluated regarding the effect of NT combined with winter fallow or three WCC (ryegrass, white oat, and birdsfoot trefoil) on seasonal CH4 -C and nitrous oxide (N2O-N) emissions and on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in comparison to conventional tillage (CT) under winter fallow in a Gleysol of Southern Brazil. The changes in SOC were used as a proxy for annual net carbon dioxide (CO2) exchanges in the soil-atmosphere, taking the CT treatment as a reference. The GHG balance (summation of CH4 , N2O and CO2 emissions multiplied by their global warming potential of 34, 298, and 1, respectively) and emissions intensity of GHG emissions were calculated. Across winter managements, NT decreased 25 % of GHG emissions in comparison to CT system. This effect was mainly related to the decrease of seasonal CH4 -C emissions (31-113 kg ha-1) and by promoting SOC accumulation (0.45-0.65 Mg ha-1yr-1) in comparison to CT system, since soil N2 O-N emission was not affected by management practices. Increased soil CH4 -C emissions offset the positive effect of WCC on SOC accumulation compared with winter fallow. Based on our findings, NT mitigates net GHG emissions in subtropical paddy rice ecosystems, but no additional effect is observed combining NT with WCC.

Abstract Background Recent reports in the literature have indicated that infection by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes cardiac complications, such as heart failure, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and even fulminant myocarditis. These complications have been identified as the cause of death in some patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Objectives To analyze echocardiographic and electrocardiographic changes, treatments used, and clinical outcomes in patients with myocarditis and COVID-19. Methods The items described for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) were followed. This review included articles in English, Portuguese, and Spanish that reported cardiac involvement, injury, or myocardial inflammation in patients who acquired COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). Results Five databases were consulted to find 1,726 articles. After applying the eligibility criteria, a total of 22 studies were considered qualified. ST-segment (section of the electrocardiogram corresponding the end of the S wave to the beginning of the T wave) elevation and tachyarrhythmia were the most common changes found in the electrocardiographic analysis of patients affected with COVID-19. Concerning echocardiography, there was a high frequency of decreased ejection fraction and occurrence of pericardial effusion. Conclusion This systematic review provides a potential tool for the analysis of cardiac changes and implications caused in patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection, with emphasis on the presence of tachyarrhythmia on electrocardiogram (ECG) and decreased ejection fraction on echocardiogram.

Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the isotopic signature of P. brasiliana captured in three different points along the river flow toward the sea of the Prumirim River, northern coast of the state of São Paulo/Brazil in order to test the hypothesis of similarity between isotopic signature of individuals living in separated areas of the river. Methods We used stable isotope analyses (δ13C and δ15N) at three points of the river and ANOVA and Bayesian Ellipses analyses were performed. Results Our results showed that are a differential isotopic enrichment along the river course in 13C, providing important results on the environmental condition and anthropogenic impacts in the region. In addition, the food biology of P. brasiliana was characterized as a primary consumer corroborating with the detritivores feeding habit observed in previous studies of stomach content analysis. Conclusions Our research, limited to a single area along the northern coast of the state of São Paulo, uncovers intriguing findings that merit replication in other areas within the region. This is particularly crucial given the rising number of anthropogenic influences resulting from urban development, underscoring the need for improved monitoring of these areas.

Resumo Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a assinatura isotópica de P. brasiliana capturada em três diferentes pontos ao longo do fluxo fluvial em direção ao mar do rio Prumirim com a finalidade de testar a hipótese de similaridade entre a assinatura isotópica de indivíduos que vivem em areas diferentes do rio. Métodos Foram utilizadas análises de isótopos estáveis (δ13C e δ15N) em três pontos do rio e foram realizadas análises de Stable Isotope Mixing Models e Bayesian Ellipses. Resultados Nossos resultados mostraram que há um enriquecimento isotópico diferencial ao longo do curso do rio em 13C, fornecendo resultados importantes sobre as condições ambientais e os impactos antropogênicos na região. Além disso, a biologia alimentar de P. brasiliana foi caracterizada como um consumidor primário, corroborando com o hábito alimentar de detritívoros observado em estudos anteriores de análise de conteúdo estomacal. Conclusões Nossa pesquisa, limitada a uma única área ao longo da costa norte do estado de São Paulo, revela descobertas intrigantes que merecem ser replicadas em outras áreas dentro da região. Isso é especialmente crucial dada a crescente quantidade de influências antropogênicas resultantes do desenvolvimento urbano, ressaltando a necessidade de um monitoramento aprimorado dessas áreas.

ABSTRACT Objective: Analyze construct proposals within the Smart Campus literature and propose a data visualization model for social impact for university extension projects Method: It uses a qualitative, exploratory approach and design science research to develop the model (artifact). To ensure the reproducibility of the artifact, the retrieval of the works used as a reference to propose the model was carried out based on a systematic literature review, while for the correction and validation of the model, interviews with experts are carried out using a semi-structured script. Result: The research obtained the following results: (i) identification of constructs developed in Smart environments related to higher education institutions as outlines of improvements in internal processes; and (ii) the development of two visualization models, a general one applicable to other environments on a university campus and a specific one for extension projects. Conclusions: The visualization model for extension projects has representational potential, demonstrating aspects, components and the operational structures and human resources necessary for its application in academic practice, implying in the improvement of extension management practices.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a proposição de constructos dentro da literatura de Smart Campus e propor um modelo de visualização de dados para o impacto social para projetos de extensão universitária. Método: utiliza a abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e design science research para o desenvolvimento do modelo (artefato). Para garantir a reprodutibilidade do artefato, a recuperação dos trabalhos utilizados como referência para propor o modelo foi realizado com base em uma revisão sistemática da literatura, já para a correção e validação do modelo é realizada entrevistas com especialistas com aplicação de roteiro semiestruturado. Resultado: a pesquisa obteve os seguintes resultados: (i) identificação dos construtos desenvolvidos em ambientes Smart relacionados a instituições de ensino superior como delineadores de melhorias nos processos internos; e (ii) o desenvolvimento de dois modelos de visualização, um geral, aplicável a outros ambientes de um campus universitário e um específico para os projetos extensionistas. Conclusões: o modelo de visualização para os projetos de extensão apresenta potencial representacional, demonstrando aspectos, componentes e as estruturas operacionais e recursos humanos necessários para sua aplicação na prática acadêmica, implicando na melhoria das práticas de gestão da extensão.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the relationship of general, physical, and psychological violence with depressive symptoms and cognition in the elderly. Methods: quantitative, cross-sectional study, carried out with 323 elders from the Brazilian northeast. Data collection used a sociodemographic instrument; the Conflict Tactics Scales Form R; the Geriatric Depression Scale; and the Mini-Mental State Examination. The analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: as violence increases, so do the depressive symptoms; the opposite was true when comparing violence with cognitive involvement. There is a correlation between physical and psychological violence and depressive symptoms; more depressive elders are from 1.96 to 3.00 times more likely to be the victims of psychological and physical violence, respectively. Conclusions: general, physical, and psychological violence is associated with depressive symptoms; those with less cognitive alterations are more vulnerable to abuse. Elders with depressive symptoms are more likely to suffer psychological and physically violence.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la relación de la violencia general, física y psicológica con síntomas depresivos y estado cognitivo en personas ancianas. Métodos: estudio cuantitativo transversal, realizado con 323 ancianos, del Noreste brasileño. Fueron utilizados: instrumento sociodemográfico; Conflict Tactics Scales Form R; Geriatric Depression Scale; y Mini Examen del Estado Mental. En el análisis, fue empleado estadística descriptiva e ilativa. Resultados: a la medida que aumenta la violencia, aumentan los síntomas depresivos; el inverso ocurrió en la evaluación de la violencia con el comprometimiento cognitivo. Hay correlación entre violencia física y psicológica y los síntomas depresivos; personas ancianas más depresivas tienen 1,96 y 3,00 veces más probabilidad de sufrir violencia psicológica y física, respectivamente. Conclusiones: la violencia general, física y psicológica se relaciona con los síntomas depresivos; y las personas con menos alteraciones cognitivas son más vulnerables al abuso. Ancianos con síntomas depresivos tienen mayor probabilidad de ser violentados psicológica y físicamente.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a relação da violência geral, física e psicológica com sintomas depressivos e estado cognitivo em pessoas idosas. Métodos: estudo quantitativo transversal, realizado com 323 idosos, do Nordeste brasileiro. Foram utilizados: instrumento sociodemográfico; Conflict Tactics Scales Form R; Geriatric Depression Scale; e Mini Exame do Estado Mental. Na análise, foi empregada estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: à medida que aumenta a violência, aumentam os sintomas depressivos; o inverso ocorreu na avaliação da violência com o comprometimento cognitivo. Existe correlação entre violência física e psicológica e os sintomas depressivos; pessoas idosas mais depressivas têm 1,96 e 3,00 vezes mais probabilidade de sofrer violência psicológica e física, respectivamente. Conclusões: a violência geral, física e psicológica associa-se com os sintomas depressivos; e as pessoas com menos alterações cognitivas são mais vulneráveis ao abuso. Idosos com sintomas depressivos têm maior probabilidade de serem vítimas de violência psicológica e física.

Abstract In this essay, we verify if Machado de Assis would have fictionalized an episode, referred in Diário de Notícias of September 8, 1892, in the novel Esaú e Jacó. Initially, we discuss the presence of allegorical mentions and the Machado's method used in the plot. Then, we analyze a note that was published in the newspaper, as a possible source for the "tablet episode", from the novel. At the end, we consider the position of counselor Marcondes Aires in face of the republican coup of 1889, in contrast to Custódio alienation regarding the new political regime.

Resumo Neste ensaio, verificamos se, em Esaú e Jacó, Machado de Assis teria ficcionalizado um episódio referido no Diário de Notícias de 8 de setembro de 1892. Inicialmente, discute-se a presença de menções alegóricas e a maneira como Machado recorreu a elas no enredo. Em seguida, discorre-se sobre a referida nota veiculada no jornal, como possível fonte para o "episódio da tabuleta". Ao final, aborda-se a postura do conselheiro Marcondes Aires frente ao golpe republicano de 1889, em contraste com o alheamento de Custódio à mudança de regime político.

With increasing life expectancy, revision surgeries have become more frequent in implanted people. This is due to the biological and biomechanical incompatibility that generates, among others, problems such as stress shielding. This works aims to analyze the influence of the hot rolling process (HR sample) on the microstructure and, consequently, the properties of β-Ti multiprincipal alloys: Ti-27Nb-39Zr (39Zr), Ti-30Nb-50Zr (50Zr), and Ti-20Nb-30Zr-13Ta (30Zr) (wt. %.) (equimassic and with high content of β-stabilizer elements). All samples were subjected to characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the phases present, and optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) were realized to characterize the microstructure and confirm the phases obtained through XRD. Before hot rolling, only the β phase was identified, but in the HR condition, the α and β phases were identified. Consequently, it did not observe significant changes in microhardness for all alloys, while the elastic modulus was observed with a reduction of 23% for 39Zr, 46% for 40Zr, and 13% for 30Zr. The hot rolling processing was confirmed to be a helpful route to reduce the elastic modulus for β Ti multiprincipal alloys opening perspectives for applying such alloys as metallic implant materials.

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the search for metallic alloys with favorable mechanical and chemical characteristics that elicit a positive biological response. Among these alloys, β-Ti alloys have attracted significant attention due to their low elastic modulus and excellent biocompatibility. The addition of Nb contributes to stabilizing the β phase at room temperatures, leading to the transformation of β into β + α (β-isomorph). Additionally, despite Zr being commonly considered a neutral element, it can exhibit a β-stabilizing characteristic when combined with betagenic elements. Both Nb and Zr have been shown to effectively increase the lattice parameter of the β phase, which is advantageous for reducing the elastic modulus. The primary objective of this study was to characterize β-Ti alloys within the Ti-Nb-Zr system, specifically Ti-40Nb-20Zr, Ti-40Nb-30Zr, and Ti-40Nb-40Zr (wt.%) produced via arc furnace casting. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the proportion of β-stabilizing or betagenic elements on the microstructure and properties of the alloys, including Vickers microhardness and elastic modulus.

ABSTRACT Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a public health problem with a great economic impact. It is estimated that the prevalence of patients with OSA ranges from 4% to 6% of men and 2% to 4% of women in the general population. Strong evidence suggests that both sleep disorders and heart failure (HF) are related. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard non-pharmacological treatment for this population. However, there is still a gap in the literature and its effects in patients with OSA and HF are not entirely clear. This study aimed to evaluate, by randomized clinical trials, the effects of positive pressure on cardiorespiratory function in patients with OSA and HF. Randomized clinical trials were included, with publication in the MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane Library, SciELO and PubMed databases and the risk bias was assessed using the PEDro scale. Six articles were included in this study, involving 165 participants. Our findings demonstrate that CPAP in the treatment of OSA in patients with HF promotes an increase in left ventricular ejection fraction, oxygen saturation and a reduction in blood pressure, apnea/hypopnea indices and awakenings from sleep during the night. We conclude that treatment with CPAP promotes an improvement in cardiorespiratory outcomes in patients with OSA and HF, improving the prognosis and reducing the risk of sudden death. However, their data must be cautiously interpreted considering the bias of the studies and their limitations.

RESUMEN La apnea obstructiva del sueño (APS) es un problema de salud pública con gran impacto económico. Se estima que la prevalencia de portadores de AOS es del 4% al 6% en los hombres y del 2% al 4% en las mujeres en la población general. Existe una fuerte evidencia de que tanto los trastornos del sueño como la insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) tienen una asociación entre sí. La presión positiva continua en las vías respiratorias (CPAP) es el tratamiento no farmacológico estándar de oro para esta población. Sin embargo, aún existe un vacío en la literatura y sus efectos en pacientes con AOS e IC no están del todo claros. Ante esto, el objetivo de este estudio es evaluar, mediante ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, los efectos de la CPAP sobre la función cardiorrespiratoria en pacientes con AOS e IC. Se incluyeron seis ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, con publicación en las bases de datos MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane Library, SciELO y PubMed, con un total de 165 participantes. El riesgo de sesgo se evaluó mediante la escala PEDro. Nuestros hallazgos demuestran que la CPAP en el tratamiento de la AOS en pacientes con IC promueve un aumento de la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo y de la saturación de oxígeno, y una reducción de la presión arterial, de los índices de apnea/hipopnea y de los despertares nocturnos. Se concluye que el tratamiento con CPAP promueve una mejora en los resultados cardiorrespiratorios en pacientes con AOS e IC, mejorando el pronóstico y reduciendo el riesgo de muerte súbita. Sin embargo, sus datos deben interpretarse con cautela considerando el sesgo de los estudios y sus limitaciones.

RESUMO A apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS) é um problema de saúde pública de grande impacto econômico. Estima-se que a prevalência de portadores de AOS seja de 4% a 6% entre os homens e de 2% a 4% entre as mulheres da população em geral. Há fortes evidências de que os distúrbios do sono e a insuficiência cardíaca (IC) estão relacionados. A pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas (CPAP) é o tratamento não farmacológico padrão ouro para essa população. No entanto, ainda há uma lacuna na literatura, e seus efeitos em pacientes com AOS e IC não estão plenamente estabelecidos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar através da revisão de ensaios clínicos randomizados os efeitos da CPAP na função cardiorrespiratória em pacientes com AOS e IC. Foram incluídos seis ensaios clínicos randomizados, publicados nas bases de dados MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane Library, SciELO e PubMed, totalizando 165 participantes. O risco de viés foi avaliado através da escala PEDro. Nossos achados demonstraram que a CPAP no tratamento da AOS em pacientes com IC promove um aumento da fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo e da saturação de oxigênio e uma redução da pressão arterial, dos índices de apneia/hipopneia e dos despertares durante a noite. Concluímos que o tratamento com CPAP promove uma melhora nos desfechos cardiorrespiratórios em pacientes com AOS e IC, beneficiando o prognóstico e reduzindo os riscos de morte súbita. Porém, os resultados devem ser interpretados com cautela, considerando o viés dos estudos e suas limitações.

RESUMO A palma forrageira (Opuntia fícus-indica Mill) apresenta-se como forrageira importante para o Nordeste Brasileiro, devido a sua adaptação às condições edafoclimáticas da região, especialmente nos períodos de estiagens. O presente estudo teve objetivo de investigar os efeitos de dietas baseadas em palma forrageira associada a diferentes fontes de fibras no consumo (matéria seca e água), digestibilidade, produção de proteína microbiana, balanço de compostos nitrogenados e desempenho de vacas leiteiras sindi criadas em regiões semiáridas. As silagens utilizadas foram: atriplex (Atriplex nummularia Lindi.), sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), gliricídia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp. ) e maniçoba (Manihot pseudoglaziovii Pax & K. Hoffm.), que foram incluídas nas dietas à base de palma forrageira (relação 58:42 volumoso: concentrado). As vacas foram distribuídas em delineamento Quadrado Latino duplo 4x4 com duração de 12 dias cada período. Para consumo de água houve diferenças (P<0,05) para dieta contendo silagem de atriplex (19,42 L/d). A dieta com silagem de sorgo apresentou menor coeficiente (P<0,05) digestibilidade da matéria seca (48,71 %) em relação ao tratamento de silagem de atriplex (68,46 %). A síntese microbiana foi maior (P<0,05) para a dieta com silagem de atriplex em relação ao tratamento que continha silagem de gliricídia (115,01 e 80,07 g de PBmic/kg de NDT), respectivamente. As silagens avaliadas associadas a palma forrageira podem ser utilizadas em dietas para vacas da raça Sindi em lactação sem influenciar o consumo diário de matéria seca, sem alterar a produção e gordura do leite, a síntese de proteína microbiana e o balanço de compostos nitrogenados.

ABSTRACT Forage cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) is an important forage resource in the Northeast region of Brazil due to its adaptation to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region, mainly to the drought periods. The objective of this work was to assess the effects of diets with forage cactus combined with different sources of fibers on dry matter and water intakes, digestibility, microbial protein production, balance of nitrogen compounds, and performance of Red Sindhi cows in the Semiarid region of Brazil. The silages used were prepared from plants of Atriplex nummularia Lindi., Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Walp., and Manihot pseudoglaziovii Pax & K. Hoffm. They were included in forage cactus-based diets at a roughage to concentrate ratio of 58:42. The cows were distributed in a 4×4 double Latin square design with 12 days for each period. Water intake presented differences (p<0.05) when using the diet with A. nummularia silage (19.42 L d-1). The diet with S. bicolor silage resulted in lower (p<0.05) coefficient of digestibility of dry matter (48.71%) than the diet with A. nummularia silage (68.46%). The diet with A. nummularia silage resulted in higher (p<0.05) microbial synthesis than that with G. sepium silage, 115.01 and 80.07 g CPmic kg-1 TDN, respectively. The silages evaluated, combined with forage cactus, can be used as diets for lactating Red Sindhi cows without affecting the daily dry matter intake, milk production, fat content, microbial protein synthesis, and balance of nitrogen compounds.

Abstract The award-winning collaboration emerged in our system as a consensual justice mechanism, aiming, through the collaborator's revelations, to allow access by criminal prosecuting bodies to the structural nucleus that make up criminal activities. Through this institute, the collaborator is encouraged to present the real truth, with privileged information that, hardly, would be collected without the participation of this agent. In return, the State provides employees with benefits such as reduced sentences, pardons, progression of the regime, among others. Procedurally, the winning collaboration can be understood as a special investigation technique that, using the data obtained in the complaint, establishes the investigative line to follow. It is in this sense that the negotiated character of the winning collaboration is identified, where its implementation will reflect positively for all the actors involved, especially society, given the possibility of the recovery, even if partial, of the proceeds of crime, in addition to the considerable increase in the chances of success. in police operations and the consequent dismantling of criminal organizations. Thus, the award-winning collaboration, as an extremely effective tool in the fight against organized crime, is revealed, in such a way that, remaining, demonstrated the employee's willingness, the effectiveness of the collaboration and the favorable objective and subjective circumstances, must the State-judge proceed with its approval. In this regard this article aims to analyze the award-winning collaboration based on Law 12,850/2013 and the consequences arising from the changes brought by the Anti-Crime Package, Law 13.964/2019.

Resumo A colaboração premiada surgiu em nosso ordenamento como mecanismo de justiça consensual, objetivando, através das revelações do colaborador, permitir o acesso dos órgãos de persecução penal ao núcleo estrutural que compõem as atividades criminosas. Através desse instituto, o colaborador é estimulado a apresentar a verdade real, com informações privilegiadas que, dificilmente, seriam colhidas sem a participação deste agente. Em contrapartida, o Estado disponibiliza ao colaborador benefícios tais como redução de pena, perdão judicial, progressão de regime, dentre outros. Processualmente, a colaboração premiada pode ser compreendida como uma técnica especial de investigação que, utilizando-se dos dados obtidos na delação estabelece a linha investigativa a se seguir. Nesse sentido é que se identifica o caráter negocial da colaboração premiada, onde sua concretização refletirá positivamente para todos os atores envolvidos, sobretudo a sociedade, haja vista a possibilidade da recuperação, ainda que parcial, do produto do crime, além do aumento considerável das chances de êxito nas operações policiais e a consequente desarticulação de organizações criminosas. Revela-se assim, a colaboração premiada, como ferramenta extremamente eficaz no combate à criminalidade organizada, de tal modo que, em restando, demonstradas a voluntariedade do colaborador, a eficácia da colaboração e as circunstâncias objetivas e subjetivas favoráveis, deve o Estado-Juiz proceder com a sua homologação. Nesse particular, o presente artigo objetiva analisar a colaboração premiada baseada na Lei 12.850/2013, e os reflexos decorrentes das alterações trazidas pelo Pacote Anticrime, Lei 13.964/2019.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that genetic variations of cannabinoid receptors contribute to the pathophysiology of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Methods: In this genetic association case-control study, cannabinoid receptor polymorphisms CNR1 rs12720071 and CNR2 rs2229579 were tested for association with neurocognitive performance in 69 patients with schizophrenia and 45 healthy controls. Neurocognition was assessed by the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS). Results: We found a consistent association between CNR1 rs12720071 polymorphism and the cognitive performance of patients in several cognitive domains. Patients with C/C polymorphism presented significantly worse performance in motor speed, verbal fluency, attention/processing speed and reasoning/problem solving. Conclusion: Although limited, our data support the hypothesis that CNR1 variations may be associated with the pathogenesis of cognitive deficits of schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND Herpesvirus transmission between humans and non-human primate (NHP) can occur through contact scratches with lesions, infected saliva, and mainly through contaminated food. Therefore, cross-infection can lead to severe illness or even death for both the animal and human. In 2017, during the yellow fever (YF) outbreak in Brazil, species of the New World Primates (NWP) from Rio de Janeiro state, tested negative for yellow fever virus (YFV) detection. OBJECTIVES To evaluate herpesvirus in the population NWP in Rio de Janeiro. METHODS To investigate, liver samples of 283 NWP, from several regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro, were tested for the herpesvirus family using a Pan-polymerase chain reaction (Pan-PCR) and sequencing. FINDINGS 34.6% (98/283) tested positive for at least one herpesvirus; 29.3% (83/283) tested positive to Human alphaherpesvirus 1 (HSV-1), this virus from humans can be lethal to New World monkey; 13% (37/283) were detected Callitrichine gammaherpesvirus 3 (CalHV-3), responsible for lymphoproliferative disease that can be fatal in NWP. In addition, CalHV-3 / HSV-1 co-infection was in 11.6% (33/283) of the samples. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Pan-herpesvirus was useful to identify species-specific herpesviruses and virus from human that can infect animals. Furthermore, during an outbreak of YF other infections should be monitored.