In the criminal sphere, it is extremely important to identify perpetrators of crimes based on latent fingerprints (invisible to the naked eye) revealed at crime scenes and their corresponding objects. The present work aimed to evaluate four synthetic analogues of curcumin as possible IDL developers, and to compare their results with those of carbon black developer, as well as to reach the most adequate parameters in the use of the LTQ and FT-ICR mass spectrometers with the paper spray ionization (PS) source to study the chemical composition of the endogenous substances contained in the IDL. For this, a 24-1 factorial design was developed, where it was verified that the distance and voltage factors were the most influential for the increase in the response of signals, in the analysis of latent fingerprints by PS. Among the detected substances we can mention around 20 fatty acids, and squalene. Finally, four potential developers, synthetic analogues of curcumin, were compared with carbon black developer. The revelation of latent fingerprints occurred efficiently, allowing the visualization of minutiae, such as bifurcation and end of line, making it possible to classify them, according to the Vucetich Fingerprint Classification System.

Among stimulant drugs, cocaine deserves attention due to its high rates of seizures worldwide. This work presents the synthesis and characterization of hybrid molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for use in preparing biological samples using a homemade microextraction in a packed sorbent device to extract cocaine. The MIPs synthesized using caffeine and cocaine as templates have been compared. Caffeine was used due to its low value and be easier to obtain than cocaine. Additionally, restricted access molecularly imprinted polymers (RAMIPs) were also produced for comparison purposes. The polymeric materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, textural analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and cross polarization/ magic angle spinning 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. The method optimization was performed using linear ion trap mass spectrometer to evaluate the effects of sample pH, type of eluent, washing solvent, adsorption cycles, and eluent volume. In the optimized method, RAMIPs indicated better cocaine extraction compared to MIPs. The quantitative study demonstrated that the developed method was able to accurately quantify cocaine in urine samples with values close to actual concentrations. drugs worldwide (MIPs Additionally (RAMIPs purposes microscopy analysis spectroscopy polarization C resonance pH solvent cycles volume concentrations

Multi-drug-resistant bacteria (MDR) are the cause of different infections and diseases that have affected humanity for a long time, and have been an emerging global health problem that has led to increased morbidity and mortality. The growing emergence of MDR bacteria has underlined the need for development and discovery of new antibacterial compounds. In this context, a series of new paeonol 1,2,3-triazole and ether derivatives were synthesized using copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction and nucleophilic substitution. Paeonol has been a natural product widely studied due to its many biological activities, as well as its derivatives. Three ether derivatives (two unpublished) and ten triazole derivatives (six unpublished) of paeonol were obtained, which were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and six of them by X-rays, which is the first study of this type presented for these compounds. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated as antibacterial agents against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, obtaining a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) above 100 µg mL-1. The results showed that CuAAC and nucleophilic substitution were very useful to obtain new paeonol triazole and ether derivatives and the products were obtained in yields from 21.3 to 98.5%. The advantages of these reactions (high yield in most compounds, reaction time, low impurities) show that using the method to produce new derivatives is advisable thus assisting in the discovery of new potential bioactive compounds.

Abstract: Despite the long history of comic books, many people believe that they still play an incipient role in the development of scientific literacy. This article sought to analyze the understandings and conceptions of invited readers and specialists about one comic book concerning Forensic Sciences, as well as investigate its potential for science communication and scientific literacy. The investigations were conducted using a digital questionnaire, followed by content and document analysis. The data revealed an understanding of the theme's relevance as well as the significance of a basic understanding of fundamental scientific terms, knowledge, and concepts (the first structuring axis of scientific literacy) related to the topic. It was also possible to identify the main connections among comics, formal content and specific educational objectives using content analysis. These conceptions, together with the other investigated hypotheses, have attested to the studied comic book as a promising tool in promoting science communication and scientific literacy.

Resumo: As histórias em quadrinhos (HQ), apesar do seu longo período histórico, ainda são consideradas incipientes no processo de alfabetização científica. Nesse sentido, este artigo buscou analisar compreensões e concepções de leitores e especialistas convidados, sobre uma HQ com a temática Ciências Forenses, bem como investigar suas potencialidades de divulgação e alfabetização científica. Para isso, foram realizadas investigações por meio de um questionário digital e posteriores análises de conteúdo e documental. Os dados obtidos indicaram a compreensão da relevância do tema e a importância da compreensão básica de termos, conhecimentos e conceitos científicos fundamentais (primeiro eixo estruturante da alfabetização científica) sobre a temática. Além disso, por meio da análise de conteúdo, foi possível identificar as principais associações da HQ aos conteúdos formais e a objetivos educacionais específicos. Essas concepções, reunidas às demais investigadas, certificaram a HQ estudada como uma ferramenta promissora para divulgação e para a alfabetização científica.

In recent years, technological development in analytical instrumentation has progressed vigorously, which has allowed the evolution of analytical techniques that play an indispensable role within society, highlighting mass spectrometry. Parallel to the technological advance of this technique, the development of new ionization methods that are simpler, faster, and allow direct analysis without the need for prior treatment or sample processing is underway. The methods of ambient ionization derived from paper spray have been developing rapidly in current days, mainly in the forensic field, due to the chemical modifications made in the paper substrate and the introduction of new types of organic materials that function as a probe/substrate to collect, store, and ionize the sample, then enabling more efficient and selective analyzes. This review highlights direct analyzes by applying paper spray ionization in the forensic field and some variations of this technique, including Thread Spray Ionization (TSI) when a fabric thread is used; Touch Spray Ionization (TSI), which uses materials such as metallic needles, medical swabs, and wooden sticks; Fiber Spray Ionization (FSI), which applies polymeric fibers as substrates.

ABSTRACT Ficus inflorescences host a species-rich chalcid wasp community, including pollinating fig wasps (Agaonidae: Tetrapusinae, Kradibiinae, and Agaoninae) and several species of non-pollinating fig wasps (NPFW), that show several life-history strategies, including gall-inducers, kleptoparasites (i. e. inquilines), and parasitoids. We analyzed the structure and degree of specialization of the fig wasp community associated with Ficus inflorescences in urbanized areas, agroecosystems, and on the edge of forest fragments in the state of Goiás (Brazil). We sampled 34 wasp species in four native Ficus tree species, from which four wasp species occurred in more than one host. Neotropical fig pollinators (Pegoscapus and Tetrapus) were the most abundant species, and they were host-specific, although two pollinator species were associated with Ficus obtusifolia. The Jaccard similarity index was higher in samples of fig wasps collected in the same host, indicating that the community composition was specific to each host species. Community structure indices indicate a specialized structure with low connectance, high bidimensional Shannon H2’ and low partner diversity. The communities present a modular web structure in which modules were represented by each host and its associated insect species. These results indicate that the fig wasp communities analyzed are highly specialized, despite a few not strictly host-specific species.

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a high-performance analytical technique that allows a measurement of the mass/charge (m/z) ratio of compounds present in a sample. MS is able to separate two m/z ions with determined values (mass resolution), being an important characteristic, especially in the analysis of biochemical components and complex mixtures. Mass analyzers define the resolving power and accuracy of different types of mass spectrometers. Herein, the performance of two mass analyzers (Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotronic Resonance (FT-ICR) and quadrupole ion trap (LTQ)) was tested on low (Mw = 165-679 Da) and high (Mw = 783-8.58 kDa) molecular weight molecules (Phenacetin, Procaine, Benzocaine, Caffeine anhydrous, Lidocaine, two metal porphyrin standards, the first cobalt and the second vanadium, and two protein standards, Ubiquitin and Beauvericin), and finally, for an oil sample. LTQ-MS and FT-ICR-MS had similar performance and high reproducibility. However, the mass accuracy and resolution power of the FT-ICR (error lower than 5 ppm and RP higher than 400,000) was higher, being therefore, it was more suitable for the analysis of proteins and oil, for instance. On the other hand, the CID analysis via LTQ demonstrated its applicability in fragmentation experiments, being able to determinate the chemical connectivity of organic compounds in non-complex mixtures.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o perfil audiológico de pacientes com Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange (SCdL), por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Métodos: após formulação da pergunta, realizou-se uma busca em seis bases de dados (Embase, ISI of Knowledge, Lilacs, Medline/PubMed, Scielo e Scopus), e fontes de informação (Google Acadêmico, OpenGrey e Proquest), com os descritores: audiologia, perda auditiva, surdez, transtornos da audição e Síndrome de Cornelia de Lange. Esta revisão foi cadastrada no Próspero, sob número CRD42020191481. Foram considerados para análise, estudos nacionais e internacionais, utilizando o direcionamento do acrônimo PECO. Para análise do risco de viés dos estudos, utilizou-se os protocolos do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Após isso, os estudos foram descritos e analisados. Resultados: dos 1.080 artigos encontrados, 12 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Nos resultados audiológicos, constatou-se que indivíduos com SCdL podem apresentar perda auditiva, sendo que o comprometimento pela perda auditiva condutiva foi o mais frequente, correspondendo a 49,20% dos indivíduos com SCdL avaliados, seguido pela perda auditiva neurossensorial (13,49%). O grau de perda auditiva variou de leve à profundo. Conclusão: indivíduos com SCdL frequentemente apresentam perda auditiva, decorrente principalmente de alterações de orelha média, com graus variando de leve a profundo.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the audiological profile of patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) in an integrative review of the literature. Methods: after developing the research question, articles were searched in six databases (EMBASE, ISI of Knowledge, LILACS, MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus) and in sources of information (Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest), with the following descriptors: audiology, hearing loss, deafness, hearing disorders, and Cornelia de Lange syndrome. This review was registered in Prospero under number CRD42020191481. National and international studies were considered for analysis, using the PECO acronym. The risk of bias in the studies was analyzed with Joanna Briggs Institute protocols. Then, the studies were described and analyzed. Results: of the 1,080 articles found, 12 met the inclusion criteria. Audiological results showed that individuals with CdLS can have hearing loss - conductive hearing losses were the most frequent impairments, corresponding to 49.20% of individuals with CdLS assessed, followed by sensorineural hearing losses (13.49%). The degrees of hearing loss ranged from mild to profound. Conclusion: individuals presented with CdLS often have hearing loss, mainly due to middle ear changes, with degrees ranging from mild to profound.

Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a via auditiva em tronco encefálico de crianças com leucemia linfoide aguda submetidas à quimioterapia (por infusão intravenosa ou por via intratecal). Métodos: Foram avaliadas 14 crianças com idade entre 2 e 12 anos, com diagnóstico de leucemia linfoide aguda. Foram utilizados os seguintes procedimentos: meatoscopia, medidas de imitância acústica, audiometria tonal, audiometria vocal, emissões otoacústicas transientes e potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico. Resultados: Das 14 crianças com limiares auditivos normais, 35,71% demonstraram alteração no Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Tronco Encefálico, com predomínio de comprometimento de via auditiva em tronco encefálico baixo. Verificou-se que 80% das crianças com alteração haviam feito uso do metotrexato via intratecal a menos de 30 dias e que 40% tinham as maiores doses acumulativas de metotrexato por via endovenosa. Conclusão: Crianças com leucemia linfoide aguda submetidas à quimioterapia apresentam comprometimento na via auditiva em tronco encefálico, com predomínio em tronco encefálico baixo.

Abstract Objective: Investigate the auditory pathway in the brainstem of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia submitted to chemotherapy (by intravenous or intrathecal infusion). Methods: Fourteen children aged between 2 and 12 years with diagnosis of acute lymphoid leukemia were evaluated. The following procedures were used: meatoscopy, acoustic immitance measurements, tonal audiometry, vocal audiometry, transient otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brainstem response. Results: From the 14 children with normal auditory thresholds, 35.71% showed an alteration in auditory brainstem response, with a predominance of hearing impairment in the lower brainstem. It was found that 80% of the children with alteration had used intrathecal methotrexate less than 30 days and that 40% had the highest cumulative intravenous methotrexate doses. Conclusion: Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia submitted to chemotherapy, present auditory pathway impairment in the brainstem, with a predominance of a low brainstem.

The Cannabis sativa L. plant has a complex chemical composition, containing various chemical compounds such as terpenes, sugars, hydrocarbons, steroids, flavonoids, and amino acids. Few works have attempted to identify the constitutional isomers of cannabinoids that are found in the plant. The present study reported the analysis of seven cannabinoid standards: five neutral and two acidic, as well as Cannabis products (hashish and marijuana) and parts of the Cannabis plant (flower and leaf) using mono-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with quadrupole MS (GC × GC-QMS), ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight (UPLC-ESI-QTOF)-MS and UPLC-ESI-travelling wave ion mobility (TWIM)-MS. The results of GC-MS demonstrated close retention times (∆tR = 1.303 min) in separation of the five cannabinoid standards, whereas GC × GC-QMS provided a substantially better identification and distinction of constitutional isomers of cannabinoids, where a total of 11 cannabinoids were identified in the hashish sample. UPLC-QTOF-MS and UPLC-TWIM-MS data obtained complete chemical information, in which ESI(+) revealed the presence of seven constitutional isomers of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC), whereas ESI(-) proved the presence of four isomers of ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (∆9-THCA A).

Abstract: The increase of N fertilization in sugarcane can negatively influence the technological quality of the crop for sugar and alcohol production. The use of Mo in fertilization combined with N can reduce this effect and increase agricultural and sugar yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the levels of Mo in soil, roots and leaves of sugarcane fertilized with N and Mo, to measure agricultural and sugar productivity and to evaluate quality of the technological attributes for production of sugar and alcohol. Two varieties were cultivated (RB867515 and RB92579) under field conditions, submitted to two doses of N (0 and 60 kg ha-1) and two doses of Mo (0 and 200 g ha-1) both applied to the soil. The source of N used was urea and the source of Mo was sodium molybdate. RB867515 was influenced by Mo and agricultural and sugar productivity increased by 21%. N fertilization did not increase agricultural productivity but reduced the technological quality of sugarcane, and Mo did not change this reduction. It is suggested that N fertilization should be reduced in first crop cycle and Mo fertilization should be stimulated.

Abstract: The reproductive biology of Macrodon ancylodon, a commercially important fish widely distributed along South America’s Atlantic coast, is described from 240 specimens collected in northeastern Brazil. Specimens ranged from 18.2 to 33.5 cm in length, exhibiting positive allometry. Total length at first sexual maturity was 21.13 cm. M. ancylodon has an asynchronous gonadal maturation and would be a batch spawner within a reproductive period. Total weight and length of females do not affect the relative fecundity values in this species. Analysis of the gonadosomatic index, condition factor and frequency of maturational stages shows that M. ancylodon was capable of reproducing throughout the year, despite the fact that spawning peaks were observed during November-December and August-September. The results are evidence that the study area is used by M. ancylodon for reproduction. The data will also be important for the development of stock management strategies.

Resumen: Se estudió la biología reproductiva de Macrodon ancylodon, pez de importancia comercial ampliamente distribuido a lo largo de la costa atlántica de América del Sur, a partir de 240 muestras colectadas en la costa de la provincia de Maranhão, noreste de Brasil. Los especímenes variaron de 18,2 cm a 33,5 cm, exhibiendo alometría positiva. La longitud total de la primera madurez sexual fue de 21,13 cm. M. ancylodon tiene una maduración gonadal asincrónica y sería un desovador parcial dentro de un período reproductivo. Tanto la longitud como el peso de las hembras no afectaron la fecundidad relativa. El análisis del índice gonadosomático, factor de condición y frecuencia de los estadios de maduración muestra que M. ancylodon es capaz de reproducirse durante todo el año, a pesar de que se observaron picos de desove durante noviembre-diciembre y agosto-septiembre. Los resultados evidencian que el área de estudio es utilizada por M. ancylodon para la reproducción. Los datos obtenidos serán de gran valor para el desarrollo de estrategias de gestión de los recursos pesqueros.

Abstract The aim of this study was to develop a methodology that uses water deficit induction to increase the frequency of hybrids in Citrus varieties that have a high and an intermediate level of polyembryony, respectively. The experiment examined the ‘Sunki Tropical’ mandarin and ‘Rangpur Santa Cruz’ lime genotypes at three water stress intensities: 20, 40 and 100% of the pot capacity (PC). The generated fruits were harvested, and the seeds were counted. After germination, the number of nucellar and hybrid seedlings was determined. For ‘Rangpur Santa Cruz’ lime genotype, the highest hybrid frequency generated was 64.2%, which occurred at a PC of 40% and exceeded by 12% that occurring at a PC of 100%. For ‘Sunki Tropical’ mandarin, the highest observed hybrid frequency was 21.75%, which occurred at a PC of 20% and was more than double the hybrid frequency of 8.57% observed at 100% of the PC.

Resumen Antecedentes: Los ionóforos se suministran a los ovinos para mejorar la eficiencia alimenticia. Una alternativa al uso de ionóforos son los aceites funcionales (FO). Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del suministro de FO en el alimento sobre los parámetros sanguíneos y bacterias fecales de ovinos. Métodos: Cinco ovejos fueron usados en un diseño de cuadrado latino con cinco tratamientos: 190, 285, 380, 570 y 675 g/t FO en la dieta. Se realizó conteo de leucocitos y niveles de glucosa, proteína total y nitrógeno ureico, y se determinó la presencia de bacterias fecales. Resultados: La inclusión dietaria de FO no afectó los parametros séricos. Se encontró Salmonella spp únicamente en heces de los ovinos que habían consumido 190 mg/t FO. Conclusión: Se puede agregar FO a la dieta de ovinos para reducir la presencia de Salmonella spp en heces.

Abstract Background: Feeding ionophores to sheep is intended for improving feed efficiency. Functional oils (FO) are an alternative to the use of ionophores. Objective: To evaluate the effect of feeding FO to sheep on blood parameters and fecal bacteria. Methods: Five sheep were used in a Latin square design with five treatments: 190, 285, 380, 570, and 675 g/t FO in the diet. White cell count and levels of blood glucose, total protein, urea nitrogen, and fecal bacteria presence in feces were determined. Results: The FO levels did not affect serum parameters. Salmonella spp was found only in feces of sheep fed 190 mg/t FO. Conclusion: Functional oils can be added to sheep diets to reduce the presence of Salmonella spp in the feces.

Resumo Antecedentes: Na produção animal, ionóforos são ingeridos por ovinos para melhorar a eficiência alimentar. Alternativa ao uso de ionóforos são os óleos funcionais (FO). Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos de FO em ovinos por meio da alimentação sobre os parâmetros sanguíneos e bacteriológicos. Métodos: Cinco ovinos foram usados em Quadrado Latino com cinco tratamentos: 190, 285, 380, 570 e 675 g/t FO nas dietas. Contagem de leucócitos e níveis de glicose, proteína total, nitrogênio ureico e presença de bactérias nas fezes foram determinados. Resultados: Os níveis de FO não afetaram os níveis séricos dos fatores mencionados. Salmonella spp foi encontrada somente em fezes de ovinos que haviam ingerido dietas com 190 mg/t FO. Conclusão: Óleos funcionais podem ser adicionados em dietas para ovinos para reduzir a presença de Salmonella spp nas fezes.

Resumo: Este estudo objetiva analisar o desenvolvimento municipal no Brasil a partir da concepção teórica de Karl Polanyi. Para tal fim, foi criado o índice de desenvolvimento municipal polanyiano (IDMP). Os resultados encontrados mostram os municípios brasileiros, em sua maioria, têm características multidimensionais incipientes e que existe uma relação direta e positiva entre a pluralidade econômica e os níveis de qualidade vida.

Abstract: This paper analyzes the municipal development in Brazil from the theoretical design of Karl Polanyi. Methodologically, the Polanyi´s city development index of Polanyi (IDMP). The results show that according to the concepts analyzed, the Brazilian municipalities, in their majority, have multidimensional incipient features and that there is a direct positive relationship between economic pluralism and quality of life levels.

Resumen: Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar el desarrollo municipal en Brasil desde la concepción teórica de Karl Polanyi. Con este fin, se creó el índice de desarrollo de los municipios con características de la teoría de Polanyi (IDMP). Los resultados muestran los municipios, en su mayoría tienen características multidimensionales bajas y que existe una relación directa entre la pluralidad económica y de calidad de vida.

Résumé: Cette étude vise à analyser le développement des municipalités du Brésil de la conception théorique de Karl Polanyi. A cet effet, l'indice de développement des municipalités ayant des caractéristiques de la théorie Polanyi (IDMP) a été créé. Les résultats montrent les municipalités, ont souvent de faibles caractéristiques multidimensionnelles et qu'il existe une relation directe entre la diversité économique et la qualité de vie.