RESUMO Em feijoeiro, pouco se conhece sobre o papel dos alelos Co-52 e Co-42 na ativação precoce da imunidade da planta ao fungo Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Utilizando-se a cultivar Sutagao suscetível à antracnose e o feijoeiro G2333 resistente à antracnose, objetivou-se avaliar a presença dos alelos Co-42 e Co-52 por meio de marcadores SCAR, bem como sua função nas respectivas respostas de defesa, por meio de testes histoquímicos e expressão gênica diferencial. Os resultados mostraram que o alelo Co-52 contribui para as respostas de defesa contra a antracnose, uma vez que os feijoeiros suscetíveis com o alelo Co-42 e sem o alelo Co-52 diminuíram tanto a quantidade de depósitos de calose quanto o acúmulo de espécies reativas de oxigênio nos locais de ataque do fungo. Ademais, para a cultivar Sutagao, houve resposta tardia de genes relacionados à defesa, como PR-1, PR-3 e Pv-POD. O alelo Co-52 contribui para induzir mecanismos de defesa na interação entre Phaseolus vulgaris e C. lindemuthianum.

ABSTRACT The role of the Co-52 and Co-42 alleles in the early activation of bean immunity against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is poorly known. Thus, by using the anthracnose-susceptible Sutagao cultivar and the anthracnose-resistant bean G2333, this study aimed to evaluate the presence of the Co-42 and Co-52 alleles by SCAR markers, as well as their role in the respective defense responses, using histochemical tests and diferential gene expression. The results showed that the Co-52 allele contributes to defense responses against anthracnose, since susceptible beans with the Co-42 allele and without the Co-52 allele decreased both the number of callose deposits and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species at the fungus attack sites. Additionally, for the Sutagao cultivar, there was a late response of defense-related genes such as PR-1, PR-3 and Pv-POD. The Co-52 allele contributes to induce defense mechanisms in the Phaseolus vulgaris and C. lindemuthianum interaction.

RESUMO A alface é o vegetal folhoso para salada mais cultivado na Colômbia, sendo o município de Madrid, no Departamento de Cundinamarca, o segundo maior produtor. Nessa região, foram detectadas plantas com sintomas foliares caracterizados por manchas necróticas de coloração castanha formando uma extensa área necrótica, clorose, distorção foliar e atrofia das plantas, causados por infecção viral possivelmente associada ao gênero Orthotospovirus. Objetivou-se identificar as espécies de orthotospovirus associadas aos sintomas, contribuindo para a atualização do estatuto fitossanitário da alface nessa região. Foi constatada a presença de orthotospovirus pelo ensaio de imunoabsorção enzimática (DAS-ELISA), embora a sequência do gene nucleocapsid (N) tenha confirmado a presença de Alstroemeria necrotic streak orthotospovirus, desconsiderando-se o Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus e Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus previamente relatados para essa cultura, sendo este o seu primeiro relato para o cultivo de alface na Colômbia.

ABSTRACT Lettuce is the most cultivated leafy salad vegetable in Colombia, being the municipality of Madrid, in the Department of Cundinamarca, the second largest producer. In this region, lettuce plants with foliar symptoms characterized by brown necrotic spots forming an extended necrotic area, chlorosis, leaf distortion and plant stunting have been detected, possibly caused by a viral infection associated with the Orthotospovirus genus. This study aimed to identify the orthotospovirus species associated with those symptoms, contributing to updating the lettuce phytosanitary status in this region. The presence of orthotospovirus was confirmed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), although the sequence of the nucleocapsid (N) gene confirmed the presence of Alstroemeria necrotic streak orthotospovirus, disregarding the Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus and Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus previously reported for this crop, being this its first report in lettuce crops in Colombia.

Bajo condiciones de la sabana de Bogotá (Colombia), se evaluaron 32 cultivares de fríjol voluble por componentes del rendimiento y por su reacción a una mezcla de aislamientos de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum procedentes de Boyacá y Cundinamarca. Los genotipos que presentaron un buen comportamiento en rendimiento y una reacción en campo a la resistencia de la enfermedad fueron: D. Moreno y 3198. Los que expresaron una reacción de resistencia a la antracnosis fueron: 3180, 3182, 3177 y G-2333. Aquellos que mostraron un buen comportamiento en componentes de rendimiento fueron: 3164, 3159, 3176 y Radical. Estos genotipos podrían usarse como posibles candidatos parentales ó sobresalientes en el programa de mejoramiento de fríjol. También se realizó análisis de dos marcadores moleculares tipo SCAR ligados a los genes Co-4 y Co-5 que confieren resistencia a C. lindemuthianum, ninguno de los materiales de evaluación a excepción del testigo resistente G-2333, amplificó los marcadores SCAR, asociados a los genes de resistencia de interés.

Under Bogotá plateau (Colombia) conditions, 32 cultivars of climbing bean were evaluated by components of yield and by reaction with a mixture of isolations of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum coming from Boyacá and Cundinamarca. The cultivars that presented a good behavior in yield and resistance reaction to the disease were: D. Moreno and 3198. Those that expressed a resistant reaction to the anthracnose were: 3180, 3182, 3177 and G-2333. Finally those that showed a good behavior in yield components were 3164, 3159, 3176 and Radical. These genotypes could be used as excellent candidates in the breeding program of common bean. It was also carried out a test for each cultivar, by means of two markers molecular type SCAR tried to resistance genes to anthracnose Co-4 and Co-5. Any of the evaluation materials amplified for the couple of genes, except for the resistant control G-2333.