New records of species of Asterinaceae with intercalary appressoria infecting plants in Central America and Panama are described and illustrated in detail. New records are Asterolibertia licaniicola on the new host Licania arborea (Chrysobalanaceae), Asterolibertia nodulosa on the new hosts Oxandra venezuelana and Xylopia sp. (Annonaceae), and Cirsosia splendida on the new hosts Chrysobalanus icaco and Hirtella triandra (Chrysobalanaceae). The teleomorph C. splendida is linked for the first time to the asexual morph Homalopeltis chrysobalani based on morphological observation. For the presented fungi an identification key is provided and infection strategies are discussed. Nomenclatural novelties are introduced, Leprieuria radiata becomes a synonym of H. chrysobalani and Asterina nodulifera is recombined into Asterolibertia nodulifera.

Two new species of Uromyces with reticulated teliospores are compared with nine species of this genus known from Loranthaceae. The new species Uromyces bahiensis from Brazil has smaller spores than all known species of Uromyces with reticulate teliospores on Loranthaceae. Uromyces struthanthi from Panama is characterized by long teliospore pedicels and spinose-echinulate aecidiospores. In addition, new details of ornamentation of aecidiospores and teliospores of known species are presented.

Two species of smut fungi (Basidiomycota) are reported here for the first time for Panama. Narasimhania alismatis (Doassansiales) was found on Sagittaria guayanensis and Tolyposporium kuwanoanum (Ustilaginales) on Cyperus tenuis, a new species of host plant. The name of the latter fungus is a new combination based on the currently accepted name Ustanciosporium kuwanoanum. This species belongs to the genus Tolyposporium because of sori with peridia, teliospores in balls, teliospores without hyaline appendages, and LSU rDNA sequence data. Ustanciosporium cyperi is morphologically rather similar to T. kuwanoanum, so it is also placed into the genus Tolyposporium. The concept of the genus Tolyposporium is discussed.

Esta es la primera publicación dedicada a la diversidad de carbones en Panamá. Tiene su base en trabajo de campo, estudio de especímenes herborizados y referencias de la literatura. Se incluyen carbones patógenos de plantas cultivadas y silvestres. Las últimas se encontraron sobre todo en zonas rurales. Entre las 24 especies citadas en este estudio, 14 especies son primeros registros para Panamá y una de éstas, Sporisorium ovarium, para América Central. Se encontró Entyloma spilanthis por primera vez en la planta hospedera Acmella papposa var.macrophylla (Asteraceac). Entyloma costaricense y Entyloma ecuadorense son sinónimos de Entyloma compositarum y Entyloma spilanthis respectivamente. "Sphacelotheca" panamensis es una especie dudosa. Se complementan las descripciones de las especies con algunas ilustraciones, una lista de especies y una clave.

This is the first publication dedicated to the diversity of smut fungi in Panama bases on field work, the study of herbarium specimens, and referentes taken from literatura. It includes smuts parasitizing cultivated and wild plants. The latter are mostly found in rural vegetation. Among the 24 species cites here, 14 species are recorded for the first time for Panama. One of them, Sporisorium ovarium, is observes for the first time in Central America. Entyloma spilanthis is found on the host species Acmella papposa var. macrophylla (Asteraceae) for the first time. Entyloma costaricense and Entyloma ecuadorense are considered synonyms of Entyloma compositarum and Entyloma spilanthis respectively. For the new conbination Sponsorium panamensis see note at the end of this publication. Descriptions of the species are complemented by some illustrations, a checklist, and a key.