Celso Furtado, the return to the basic controversy. A reading of the work of Celso Furtado in its completion opens an enriching view of the interaction between theoretical thinking and the unveiling of Latin-America history. Starting from an appraisal of the pre-Classic and Classic authors, Furtado outlined an approach of surplus theory. That would enable development theory to deal with the unevenly industrialized economies like Brazil. His thorough analysis of development and underdevelopment processes broke away from the initial ECLA experiences to build a planning proposal the uprising country. The French roots of his academic profile helped him to keep an orderly explanation of capital demand that kept him siding with Wicksell against the subjective theory of Schumpeter.

IGNÁCIO Rangel viveu intensamente a eclosão e a primeira etapa das transformações da segunda revolução industrial no Brasil, com o aparelhamento do governo central como condutor desse processo, e com sua subseqüente crise, diante das contradições suscitadas pela expansão do capital monopolista. Marxista de formação, Rangel deixou importantes contribuições à explicação da questão agrária e da inflação no Brasil, relacionando ambas com necessidades estratégicas do capital. Registrou, também, uma contribuição significativa com relação a projetos de investimento, que tratou como parte do referencial geral do planejamento. O trabalho de Rangel correspondeu ao momento em que mudava a posição do Brasil no cenário internacional. Profundamente brasileiro, moveu-se com grande independência frente aos dogmas de sua época.

IGNÁCIO Rangel worked during the main changes of second industrial revolution in Brazil, witnessing the making of the central government as the major institution of that process, and its subsequent crisis, in face of the tension arised by the expansion of monopolist capital. Formed on Marxist stock, Rangel left important contributions to the explanation of the agrarian issue and of inflation, seeing both as brought in by the needs of the strategic needs of capital. He also contributed to the analysis of investment projects, that he dealt as part of planning framework Rangel's work belongs to a transition of the international position of Brazil. Staunchly Brazilian, Rangel moved with a great flair of independence towards the dogmas of his time.