Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência do uso do solo na diversidade morfológica de colêmbolos e verificar a relação destes organismos com os atributos físicos, químicos e microbiológicos do solo. Foram coletadas amostras na região Sul de Santa Catarina, envolvendo três municípios: Orleans, Lauro Müller e Siderópolis, nos sistemas de uso do solo (SUS) de floresta nativa (FN), reflorestamento de eucalipto (RE), pastagem perene (PA), integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP) e plantio direto (PD). As coletas de solo para determinação dos atributos edáficos e a instalação de armadilhas de queda, foram realizadas no inverno e verão, nos mesmos pontos. Os colêmbolos coletados foram contados e morfotipados e os dados foram analisados por meio da abundância, diversidade de Shannon-Wiener (H') e Margalef, índice de dominância de Simpson (D), uniformidade de Pielou (J), riqueza de morfotipos e Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP). Os morfotipos de Collembola foram influenciados pelas condições de manejo de cada sistema, sobretudo o impacto dos SUS nesses organismos depende da intensidade das práticas florestais/agrícolas utilizadas, incluindo rotações culturais e preparo do solo.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil use on the morphological diversity of springtails and to verify the relationship of these organisms with soil physical, chemical, and microbiological properties. Samples were collected in the Southern region of Santa Catarina, involving three municipalities: Orleans, Lauro Müller, and Siderópolis, in the land use systems (LUS) of native forest (NF), Eucalyptus plantation (EP), pasture (PA), integrated crop-livestock (ICL), and no-tillage (NT). Soil samples to determine edaphic properties and pitfall traps were collected in winter and summer, in the same areas. The collected springtails were counted and morphotyped and the data were analyzed through abundance, Shannon-Wiener diversity (H') and Margalef index, Simpson dominance index (D), Pielou evenness index (J), morphotype richness, and Principal Components Analysis (PCA). Springtails morphotypes were influenced by the management conditions of each system, especially the impact of LUS on these organisms depends on the intensity of the forest/agricultural practices used, including crop rotation and soil preparation.

RESUMO Objetivou-se caracterizar a organização florístico-estrutural, a riqueza e a estrutura filogenética de comunidades arbóreas de fragmentos florestais altomontanos em diferentes estágios sucessionais, situados no Parque Nacional de São Joaquim em Urubici, Santa Catarina. Foram selecionados três fragmentos, dois em avançado estágio sucessional e um em estágio inicial, sendo cada um avaliado por meio de 20 parcelas de 10 x 10 m, distribuídas na forma de transecção de 20 x 100 m. Foram identificados e medidos todos os indivíduos arbóreos com DAP ≥ 5 cm. Os dados foram analisados por meio de rarefação, ordenação multivariada, análise de espécies indicadoras e métricas de estruturação filogenética. A riqueza encontrada em cada fragmento não apresentou relação com o estágio sucessional, uma vez que as áreas não difeririam quanto a este aspecto. A organização florístico-estrutural foi influenciada pela interação entre o estágio sucessional e as diferenças ambientais entre os locais. Na área em início de sucessão, foi observado o agrupamento filogenético das espécies, e nas áreas tardias, o padrão foi aleatório. Assim, os resultados evidenciaram variações na riqueza independentemente do estágio sucessional e que a sucessão florestal influenciou a composição florístico-estrutural e a estrutura filogenética das áreas.

ABSTRACT We aimed to describe the floristic-structural organization, the richness and the phylogenetic structure of tree components in highland forest fragments in different successional stages, at São Joaquim National Park, in the municipality of Urubici, Santa Catarina state. Three fragments were selected, two in an advanced successional stage and one in an initial successional stage, being each one evaluated by 20 10 x 10 m sampling plots, allocated as 20 x 100 m transects. All trees with dbh ≥ 5 cm were identified and measured. The data were analyzed through rarefaction, multivariate ordination, indicator species analysis and phylogenetic structure metrics. There was no relationship between the richness and the successional stage, once the studied areas did not differ in relation to the number of species. The floristic-structural organization was influenced by the interaction between the successional stage and the environmental differences among areas. Phylogenetic clustering of species was observed in the initial successional stage area and random phylogenetic pattern was observed in advanced successional stage areas. The results indicated independent variation in richness in relation to successional phase and, that the forest succession influenced the floristic-structural composition and phylogenetic structure of the study areas.

ABSTRACT: Springtails (Collembola) are soil organisms with wide morphological diversity and are sensitive to alterations in the soil, regardless of whether they are human-caused or not. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of land use on the morphological diversity of springtails and verify their relationships with soil physical, chemical, and microbiological properties. Samples were collected in the eastern region of Santa Catarina, in three municipalities: Joinville, Blumenau, and Timbó. They included the following land use systems (LUSs): native forest (NF), Eucalyptus plantation (EP), pasture (PA), integrated crop-livestock (ICL), and no tillage (NT). Samples were collected to determine soil properties, and pitfall traps were set in the winter and summer at the same points. The captured springtails were counted and morphotyped, observing features such as presence or absence of ocelli and setae, pigmentation, antenna length, and furcula length. The data were analyzed based on abundance, the Shannon-Wiener (H') and Margalef diversity indices, Pielou's evenness index (J), morphotype richness, modified Soil Biological Quality index (QBS), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Springtails abundance was higher in ICL and PA, whereas morphotype richness was higher in NF and ICL in the winter. The Shannon-Wiener and Margalef indices were higher in the winter in NF. In the summer, only H' differed significantly among the LUSs and was higher in NF. The QBS values did not precisely follow the human intervention gradient in either of the two periods. The PCA showed difference among the periods and LUSs. In the winter, the occurrence of morphotypes was related to soil microbiological and chemical properties, whereas in the summer, the distribution of morphotypes was explained by soil physical and chemical properties. Morphological diversity analysis is a good alternative to study springtail distribution and soil biological quality, especially when associated with multivariate techniques.