ABSTRACT. The objective was to evaluate levels of replacement of corn silage with extruded forage (Foragge®) in sheep feeding. Twenty adult Santa Inês ewes in maintenance, and 55.8 kg average weight were housed in metabolic cages, and the treatments consisted of 20, 40, 60 and 80% replacement of corn silage with Foragge® extruded forage with 60% Uruchloa brizantha in the diet. The design was completely randomized, with regression analysis and non-parametric analysis at 5% probability. The supply of up to 80% extruded roughage to replace corn silage increased dry matter intake and digestibility, and fecal output in dry matter (p < 0.05). Also, it increased the efficiency of ingestion, rumination and chewing activities of sheep, but did not alter urinary parameters and energy metabolites (p > 0.05). However, it reduced the concentration of uric acid (p < 0.05). Foragge® extruded roughage can replace corn silage by up to 80% with changes in intake, digestibility, fecal parameters, ingestive behavior and concentration of uric acid and urea, with no modifications in urinary parameters and energy metabolites.

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding exogenous enzymes to the diet on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior and rumen movement of ewe lambs. Five ewe lambs, Dorper x Santa Inês crossbred, with an average age of 7 ± 1 months, average weight of 36.40 ± 2.36 kg were assigned in a 5x5 Latin square design. The treatments consisted of adding exogenous enzymes to the concentrate: Allzyme, Fibrozyme®, Amaize®, Mix and Control. Analyses of variance were applied and means were compared by the SNK test, and non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test at 5% significance. The dry matter intake in relation to body weight, crude protein intake and nitrogen intake were higher with the use of amylolytic enzyme compared to the other treatments (p <0.05). Nitrogen balance was higher with the use of amylolytic enzymes and the Allzyme® enzyme complex (p <0.05). A longer time spent in total chewing was observed with the inclusion of fibrolytic and amylolytic enzymes without changes in rumen movement. The use of exogenous enzymes promotes better use of nutrients, with high digestibility of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber and crude protein.

The purpose was to evaluate the effect of extruded roughage Foragge® with different additives on intake, digestibility nutrients and nitrogen balance of sheep. Twenty adults, non-pregnant ewes with average weight 68 kg were used. The treatments were extruded roughage with additives (essential oil, virginiamycin, unpurified inactive yeast, tannin and purified inactive yeast). The design was in randomized blocks. The means were contrasted by SNK test, and the fecal score was tested by the Kruskal Wallis test (1952), at 5% significance. There was no difference in the intake of dry matter, crude protein, nitrogen, water, water in relation to dry matter, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (p > 0.05). As well as the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber, the fecal weight, fecal nitrogen, retained nitrogen and nitrogen retained in relation to nitrogen ingested (p > 0.05). However, dry matter intake as a function of body weight and metabolic weight, urinary nitrogen, hemicellulose intake, and hemicellulose as a function of NDF, were higher in the Foragge Factor® treatment (p < 0.05). The inclusion of different additives in the extruded roughage improved nutritional parameters, without causing disturbances.

Objetivou-se avaliar equações adotadas pelo NRC e Detmann para estimar o conteúdo energético de subprodutos agrícolas e agroindustriais. Foram avaliados subprodutos de abacaxi, cacau, dendê, feijão, girassol, goiaba, mandioca casca, mandioca haste, mandioca rama, mamão, manga, maracujá, nabo e farelo de glúten de milho. Todos os animais receberam silagem de milho e mistura ureia/sulfato de amônio (9:1) para que as rações com os dois níveis de cada subproduto se mantivessem isonitrogenadas. Entre os modelos de predição da proteína bruta digestível (PBad), o modelo Detmann 2 apresentou diferença pelo teste de hipótese para nulidade conjunta (THNC), enquanto as estimativas pelos modelos NRC e Detmann 1 foram similares às obtidas pelas observações in vivo. Para extrato etéreo digestível (EEad), carboidratos não-fibrosos digestíveis (CNFad) e fibra em detergente neutro digestível (FDNd), as estimativas obtidas pelo modelo proposto pelo NRC diferiram, pelo teste de significância da hipótese de nulidade conjuntas, das observações in vivo e o melhor ajustamento foi obtido pelo modelo sugerido por Detmann, tendo como consequência, o valor. No entanto, entre todas as frações digestíveis, a FDNd foi a que apresentou maior dispersão dos pontos em relação à linha de equalidade. Os modelos NRC e Detmann podem ser considerados eficientes em predizer nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) e energia digestivel (ED), pois as estimativas não diferem dos valores observados, contudo apresentam também grande dispersão dos pontos em relação à linha de equalidade. Recomenda-se usar os modelos propostos por Detmann para predizer as frações digestíveis da PB, EE e dos CNF em subprodutos agrícolas e agroindustriais.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the equations adopted by the NRC and Detmann to estimate the energy content of agricultural and agroindustrial byproducts. It was evaluated byproducts of pineapple, cocoa, palm oil, beans, sunflower, guava, cassava bark, cassava stem, raw cassava, papaya, mango, passion fruit, turnip and corn gluten meal. All animals received corn silage and the mixture urea/ammonium sulfate (9:1) so rations with the two levels of each byproduct remained isonitrogenous. Among the models for digestible crude protein prediction (CPad), Detmann 2 model presented difference by the hypotheses test for joint null while estimates by the NRC and Detmann 1 models were similar to those obtained by in vivo observations. For digestible ether extract (EEad), digestible non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFCad) and digestible neutral detergent fiber (NDFd), the estimates obtained by the model proposed by the NRC differed, by the test of significance of hypotheses of joint null, to in vitro observations and the best adjustment was obtained by the model suggested by Detmann, having as a consequence, the value. However, among all the digestible fractions, NDFd presented the greatest dispersion of points regarded to equality line. NRC and Detmann models can be considered as efficient in predicting total digestible nutrients (TDN) and digestible energy (DE) because the estimates do not differ from the observed values, however they also present great dispersion of the points regarded to equality line. It is recommended to use the models proposed by Detmann for predicting digestible fractions of crude protein, ether extract and non fibrous carbohydrates on agriculture and agroindustrial byproducts.