ABSTRACT Rice (Oryza sativa) is among the most important crops worldwide; however, rice crops demand high water consumption. Future projections indicate reduced water availability and severe drought events, which may affect rice crops as the cereal is highly sensitive to drought stress. Thus, cultivars with lower water demand for irrigation or drought escape capacities are among the strategies to address this issue. This study aimed to assess five mutant rice genotypes in terms of growth cycle length, other agronomic interest traits, and drought response in the reproductive stage. The mutant genotypes evaluated showed a shortening of the growth cycle compared to the original cultivar, BRS Pampeira, representing a drought escape strategy. In addition, mutations did not negatively affect plant height and crop yield. However, similar to the original cultivar, mutants are not tolerant to water deficit in the reproductive stage. The genotypes evaluated have potential to be released as early cycle cultivars, which can reduce water demand during the harvest season while presenting a drought escape strategy. Oryza sativa worldwide however consumption events stress Thus issue length traits stage cultivar Pampeira strategy addition yield However

Abstract Effective strategies for disease control are crucial for sustaining world food production and ensuring food security for the population. Wheat blast, a disease caused by the pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum, has been a concern for cereal producers and researchers due to its aggressiveness and rapid expansion. To solve this problem, the development of resistant varieties with durable resistance is an effective, economical and sustainable way to control the disease. Conventional breeding can be aided by several molecular tools to facilitate the mining of many sources of resistance, such as R genes and QTLs. The identification of new sources of resistance, whether in the wheat crop or in other cereals are an opportunity for efficient wheat breeding through the application of different techniques. Since this disease is still poorly studied in wheat, knowledge of the rice Magnaporthe pathotype may be adapted to control wheat blast. Thus, genetic mapping, molecular markers, transgenic approaches, and genomic editing are valuable technologies to fight wheat blast. This review aimed to compile the biotechnological alternatives available to accelerate the development of improved cultivars for resistance to wheat blast. population blast Triticum expansion problem effective QTLs techniques Thus mapping markers approaches

Abstract From the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988, municipalities were promoted to the condition of Brazilian federative entities. Currently, Brazil has 1,307 small municipalities with a maximum population of 5,000 inhabitants. In 2019, the Proposal for Amendment to the Constitution nº 188 (PEC 188) entered the political and legislative scene, with one of its propositions being the extinction/incorporation of small municipalities considered unsustainable. Thus, this study aims to highlight existing weaknesses/vulnerabilities in the methodology proposed by PEC 188/2019 for measuring the Financial Sustainability of small Brazilian municipalities. The methodology proposed by the PEC was analyzed and applied to all 5,570 Brazilian municipalities, using the periods from 2015 to 2020 as a basis. The study is based on bibliographical and documentary research with descriptive and quantitative approaches. For data treatment and analysis, descriptive statistics and measures of central tendency techniques were used. The results show that, when the PEC-188 methodology is applied, Brazilian municipalities’ national average of “sustainability” is 5%, reducing to less than 3% when only small municipalities with up to 5,000 inhabitants are analyzed. Furthermore, more than 85% of Brazilian municipalities, on average, are classified as “unsustainable” based on the PEC methodology, increasing this condition to 98% if only the stratum of small municipalities is analyzed. The methodology proposed by PEC 188 has weaknesses that, if not resolved prior to a possible enactment, could lead to the extinction of approximately 1,224 small Brazilian municipalities.

Resumen A partir de la Constitución de la República Federativa del Brasil de 1988, los municipios fueron promovidos a la condición de entidades federativas brasileñas. Actualmente, Brasil tiene 1.307 pequeños municipios con una población máxima de 5.000 habitantes. En 2019, entró en el escenario político y legislativo la Propuesta de Reforma a la Constitución nº 188 (PEC 188) que, entre otras, propone la extinción/incorporación de pequeños municipios considerados insostenibles. Por lo tanto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo resaltar las debilidades/vulnerabilidades existentes en la metodología propuesta por la PEC 188/2019 para medir la sostenibilidad financiera de los pequeños municipios brasileños. Para alcanzar el objetivo, la metodología propuesta por la PEC fue analizada y aplicada en los 5.570 municipios brasileños, tomando como base los períodos de 2015 a 2020. El estudio se basa en una investigación bibliográfica y documental, con enfoques descriptivos y cuantitativos. Para el tratamiento y análisis de los datos se utilizaron técnicas de estadística descriptiva y medidas de tendencia central. Los resultados muestran que, cuando se aplica la metodología PEC-188, el promedio nacional de sostenibilidad de los municipios brasileños es del 5%, reduciéndose a menos del 3% cuando se analizan solo municipios pequeños con hasta 5.000 habitantes. Asimismo, más del 85% de los municipios brasileños, en promedio, están clasificados como insostenibles con base en la metodología PEC, y dicha condición asciende al 98% al analizar solamente los municipios pequeños. La metodología propuesta por la PEC 188 tiene debilidades que, de no ser resueltas antes de una posible promulgación, podrían llevar a la extinción de aproximadamente 1.224 pequeños municipios brasileños.

Resumo A partir da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, os municípios foram promovidos à condição de entes federativos brasileiros. Atualmente, o Brasil conta com 1.307 pequenos municípios, com população de no máximo 5 mil habitantes. Em 2019, entrou no cenário político e legislativo a Proposta de Emenda à Constituição n° 188 (PEC 188), tendo como uma de suas proposições a extinção/incorporação de pequenos municípios considerados insustentáveis. O presente estudo tem por objetivo evidenciar fragilidades/vulnerabilidades na metodologia proposta pela PEC 188/2019 para a mensuração da sustentabilidade financeira dos pequenos municípios brasileiros. Para o alcance do objetivo, tal modelo foi analisado e aplicado a todos os 5.570 municípios brasileiros, utilizando como base os períodos de 2015 a 2020. O estudo se fundamenta em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com abordagens descritiva e quantitativa. Para o tratamento e a análise dos dados, foram empregadas técnicas de estatísticas descritivas e medidas de tendência central. Os resultados evidenciam que, aplicada a metodologia da PEC 188, a média nacional de sustentabilidade dos municípios brasileiros é de 5%, reduzindo-se para menos de 3% quando analisados apenas os pequenos, com até 5 mil habitantes. Tem-se ainda que mais de 85% dos municípios brasileiros, em média, são classificados como “insustentáveis” com base na metodologia da PEC, elevando para 98% essa condição se analisados apenas os pequenos. A metodologia proposta pela PEC 188 carrega fragilidades que, se não sanadas previamente a uma possível promulgação, poderão ocasionar a extinção de aproximadamente 1.224 pequenos municípios.

Abstract Introduction Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is the fourth most prevalent mental disorder and is a disabling condition. OCD is associated with anatomical and functional changes in the brain, in addition to dysfunctional cognitions. The treatments of choice are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and exposure and response prevention (ERP). Trial-based cognitive therapy (TBCT) is a recent and empirically validated psychotherapy with a focus on restructuring dysfunctional negative core beliefs (CBs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of TBCT relative to ERP for treatment of OCD. Methods A randomized, single-blind clinical trial was conducted, randomizing 26 patients for individual treatment with TBCT (n = 12) or ERP (n = 14). The groups were evaluated at baseline, at the end of 3 months (12 sessions), and at 3, 6, and 12-month follow-ups. Results Both approaches reduced the severity of symptoms with large effect sizes. These results were maintained at the 12-month follow-up assessment. Conclusion TBCT may be a valid and promising treatment for this disorder.

Abstract This study aimed to characterize the reproductive biology of Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus, and its response to environmental variations in the Eastern Amazon streams. We sampled specimens every two months, between March 2019 and January 2020. The population was evaluated for sex ratio, reproductive activity, growth pattern, condition factor, size at the first sexual maturation, spawning type, and fecundity. We analyzed 180 specimens, which showed a sex ratio of 1.6 males for each female across the whole period, with 2.3 males for each female during the period of greatest reproductive activity. The peak of reproductive activity coincided with higher precipitation periods and was partially predicted by factors such as water temperature, stream discharge, dissolved oxygen, substrate complexity, and electrical conductivity. The length where 50% and 100% of population to reach sexual maturity was 18.0 and 22.0 mm for males and 19.7 and 27.0 mm for females. The oocyte diameters showed a bimodal frequency, with at least two batches of oocytes. The average fecundity of 197 oocytes. The results indicate that this species presents an opportunistic strategy, and the tactics that make up this strategy depend on variations in both the physical structure of the habitat and physicochemical aspects of the water.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a biologia reprodutiva de Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus e sua resposta às variações ambientais em riachos da Amazônia Oriental. Os espécimes foram amostrados bimestralmente, entre março de 2019 e janeiro de 2020. A população foi avaliada quanto à razão sexual, atividade reprodutiva, padrão de crescimento, fator de condição, tamanho na primeira maturação sexual, tipo de desova e fecundidade. Foram analisados 180 exemplares, que apresentaram proporção sexual de 1,6 machos para cada fêmea durante todo o período, com 2,3 machos para cada fêmea no período de maior atividade reprodutiva. O pico da atividade reprodutiva coincidiu com períodos de maior precipitação sendo parcialmente predito por fatores como temperatura da água, vazão, oxigênio dissolvido, complexidade do substrato e condutividade elétrica. O comprimento onde 50% e 100% da população atingiram a maturidade sexual foi de 18,0 e 22,0 mm para os machos e 19,7 e 27,0 mm para fêmeas. Os diâmetros dos oócitos apresentaram frequência bimodal, com pelo menos dois lotes. A fecundidade média da espécie foi de 197 oócitos. Os resultados indicam que a espécie possui uma estratégia oportunista, onde as táticas que compõem esta estratégia dependem tanto de variações na estrutura física do habitat quanto de aspectos físico-químicos da água.

Abstract The objective of this work was to map the chromosomal regions responsible for iron accumulation in rice grains, in Southern Brazil. Eighty-one rice accessions were genotyped and phenotyped for Fe accumulation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were mapped in the whole grain on chromosomes 1, 5, 6, and 10, from which 13 candidate genes were identified. Some of the genes, such as O s10g040680 0, seem to have a relationship with Fe homeostasis, while others are related to other metabolic processes or have an unknown function.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi mapear regiões cromossômicas responsáveis pelo acúmulo de ferro em grãos de arroz, na região Sul do Brasil. Oitenta e um acessos de arroz foram genotipados e fenotipados quanto ao acúmulo de Fe. Polimorfismos de nucleotídeos únicos foram mapeados no grão integral, nos cromossomos 1, 5, 6 e 10, dos quais 13 genes candidatos foram identificados. Alguns dos genes, como o Os10g0406800, parecem ter relação com a homeostase do Fe, enquanto outros têm relação com outros processos metabólicos ou função desconhecida.

Abstract Is there meritocracy when 58% of administrative assistants and 87% of physicians employed in Brazilian federal higher education institutions (HEI) were selected through public exams based solely on theoretical multiple-choice tests? Is there meritocracy in selection processes that do not assess the candidates’ experience or apply discursive or practical exams? This article addresses a historically constructed assumption assimilated as a kind of myth in Brazil: the idea that the current model for filling government positions is meritocratic. The extreme objectivity of these public exams reduces the Brazilian tradition of nepotism but presents serious flaws. One is academicism, which overvalues educational titles and theoretical knowledge at the expense of essential skills for many government positions. Calls for civil service entrance exams to fill administrative and medical positions in federal HEI throughout Brazil were verified using the descriptive statistics method (via frequency analysis), tabulating the evaluation types used in each selection, and generating tables and graphs. The results suggest adopting assessments more broadly connected with the competencies the positions require and prioritizing skills and practical behaviors instead of theoretical knowledge of little or no applicability. The study points out alternatives for a nation with more than 200 million inhabitants, the vast majority of which do not realize the incalculable damage of real academicism and illusory meritocracy.

Resumen Cuando el 58% de los trabajadores administrativos y el 87% de los médicos fueron seleccionados únicamente sobre la base de pruebas teóricas de opción múltiple, ¿existe la meritocracia? Selecciones sin requisito de experiencia, ni evaluaciones discursivas o prácticas. Solo marque una “x”... Este artículo busca responder a un supuesto construido históricamente y asimilado como una especie de mito en Brasil: la idea de que el actual modelo de licitación pública sería meritocrático. La extrema objetividad de estos concursos tiene el mérito de reducir la tradición brasileña de nepotismo, pero el modelo de evaluación tiene serias fallas. Una de las disfunciones es el academicismo, que sobrevalora los títulos educativos y los conocimientos teóricos en detrimento de competencias que son simplemente imprescindibles para muchos cargos públicos. Las convocatorias a concursos públicos para ocupar cargos administrativos y médicos en instituciones federales de educación superior en todo Brasil fueron verificadas utilizando el método de estadística descriptiva (mediante análisis de frecuencia), tabulando los tipos evaluativos utilizados en cada selección y generando tablas y gráficos relacionados. Con base en los resultados, el estudio sugiere la adopción de evaluaciones más ampliamente conectadas con las competencias de los cargos y que, en lugar de privilegiar conocimientos teóricos de poca o nula aplicabilidad, prioricen habilidades y comportamientos prácticos inherentes a los cargos. Esta investigación señala alternativas para una nación de más de 200 millones de habitantes, la gran mayoría de los cuales no se da cuenta del daño incalculable del academicismo real y una meritocracia ilusoria.

Resumo Quando 58% de trabalhadores administrativos e 87% dos médicos foram selecionados apenas com base em provas teóricas de múltipla escolha, existe meritocracia? Seleções sem exigência de experiência, nem avaliações discursivas ou práticas. Basta apenas marcar um “x”... Este artigo busca responder um pressuposto historicamente construído e assimilado como uma espécie de mito no Brasil: a ideia de que o atual modelo de concurso público seria meritocrático. A extrema objetividade dos concursos tem o mérito de reduzir a tradição brasileira de nepotismos e apadrinhamentos, mas o modelo de avaliação apresenta graves falhas. Uma das disfunções é o academicismo, que supervaloriza títulos educacionais e conhecimentos teóricos em detrimento de habilidades simplesmente essenciais de muitos cargos. Foram verificados sob método de estatística descritiva (via análise de frequência) editais de concursos para preenchimento de cargos administrativos e médicos em instituições federais de ensino superior em todo o Brasil, tabulando os tipos avaliativos empregados em cada seleção e gerando tabelas e gráficos conexos. A partir dos resultados, o estudo sugere a adoção de avaliações que se conectem mais amplamente com as competências dos cargos e que, em lugar de privilegiar conhecimentos teóricos de baixa ou nula aplicabilidade, priorizem habilidades e comportamentos práticos inerentes aos cargos. Esta pesquisa aponta alternativas para uma nação com mais de 200 milhões de habitantes, cuja grande maioria não percebe os danos incalculáveis de um academicismo real e de uma meritocracia ilusória.

Resumo: Entre 1680 e 1750, a colonização portuguesa na América adquiriu dimensão continental. Entre as atividades econômicas que impulsionaram o avanço dos caminhos do comércio e a edificação de ambientes coloniais destacamos a pecuária. Na Capitania do Ceará a pecuária transformou o ambiente, as paisagens e dinamizou o comércio com a produção de mercadorias que abasteciam o mercado interno e externo. Discutimos aqui as bases da relação entre exploração colonial e as dinâmicas da economia-mundo europeia, o processo de expansão do gado nas Capitanias do Norte, principalmente no Ceará, e a geografia do comércio que absorvia a produção da pecuária nas redes continentais e marítimas, de circulação e acumulação. Assim, apontamos que estudos atentos à interface entre história econômica e história ambiental podem se beneficiar de abordagens que situem a expansão da pecuária na relação com a totalidade dos espaços-tempo que estruturam a economia-mundo.

Abstract: Between 1680 and 1750, the Portuguese colonization in America acquired a continental dimension. Amidst economic activities that boosted the advance of commerce and edification of colonial environments we highlight the cattle breeding. The livestock expansion in Capitaincy of Ceará transformed the environment and promoted the commerce with the production of goods supplying the internal and external markets. We discuss the bases of the relation between colonial exploitation and European world-economy dynamics, the livestock expansion in the capitaincies of the North, mainly the capitaincy of Ceará and the geography of trade that absorbed the livestock production in their nets of circulation and accumulation. Thus, we aim demonstrate that studies attentive to interface between economic history and environmental history may benefit of approaches which locates the cattle as part of a totality of space-time which structure the world-economy.

RESUMO Introdução: O neurinoma plexiforme gigante é um neuroectoderma e uma doença hereditária. É um tumor cutâneo incomum associado à NF1, caracterizado como um tumor benigno da bainha do nervo periférico envolvendo múltiplos fascículos nervosos. Os objetivos da reconstrução da cobertura do antebraço são proteger as estruturas que vão até o punho e a mão e evitar cicatrizes que levem à perda de movimento. Tanto o antebraço quanto a mão desempenham papéis funcionais e sociais. O manejo bem-sucedido de feridas complexas é necessário para a reabilitação funcional geral desses pacientes. Relato do Caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 31 anos, apresentou-se na divisão de cirurgia plástica com neurofibroma plexiforme gigante no antebraço direito. Após ressecção cuidadosa, todos os tendões anteriores do antebraço foram expostos. O defeito foi coberto com Pelnac T enxertável (espessura de 3mm e tamanho 12 X 24cm2), fixados com pontos monocryl 4-0. Após 10 dias, a matriz dérmica acelular foi removida e um enxerto de malha de pele de espessura parcial foi colocado. No dia 7, a matriz dérmica acelular apresentou bons sinais de ingestão. No dia 17, observamos uma sobrevida do enxerto de 95%. No seguimento de 3 meses, a reconstrução estava estável, sem defeitos de contorno, a mão apresentava amplitude de movimento completa e o paciente não apresentava problemas nas atividades diárias. Conclusões: A matriz dérmica acelular parece ser uma opção útil na cobertura de defeitos complexos no antebraço, permitindo menor morbidade e rápida recuperação funcional.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Giant plexiform neurinoma is a neuroectoderm and inherited disease. It is an uncommon skin tumor associated with NF1, characterized as a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor surrounding multiple nervous fascicles. The goals of forearm coverage reconstruction are to protect the structures running to the wrist and hand and prevent scarring that leads to movement loss. Both forearm and hand play functional and social roles. Successful management of complex wounds is necessary for the overall functional rehabilitation of these patients. Case Report: A 31-year-old woman presented at the plastic surgery division with a giant plexiform neurofibroma in the right forearm. After careful resection, all anterior forearm tendons were exposed. The defect was covered with graftable Pelnac T (thickness of 3mm and sizing 12 X 24cm2), fixed with 4-0 monocryl sutures. After 10 days, the acellular dermal matrix silicone layer was removed, and a split-thickness skin meshed graft was placed. On day 7, the acellular dermal matrix showed good signs of intake. On day 17, we observed a 95% graft survival. At the 3-month follow-up, reconstruction was stable without contouring defects, the hand had full range of motion, and the patient had no problems in daily activities. Conclusions: Acellular dermal matrix appears to be a useful option in covering complex defects in the forearm, allowing for less morbidity and rapid functional recovery.

ABSTRACT. Water and saline stresses are the main factors affecting agricultural production in semiarid regions. The tolerance of forage cactus to water and salt deficit makes it a promising solution, in particular Nopalea cochenillifera. The growth curves for species facing these conditions can provide useful information supporting the cultivation and management of natural populations and carry significant biological importance as growth rate assessment contributes to maintaining species viability. The objective of this study was to estimate the plant height and linear dimensions (length, width, and thickness) of N. cochenillifera Giant Sweet clone growing under water and saline stress. The experiment design was completely randomized, comprising a 4 × 4 factorial, with four water and four salinity levels; there were four replications. In order to estimate plant height in N. cochenillifera Giant Sweet clone as a function of the accumulated thermal sum, generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) were used to determine water level, saline level, length, width, and thickness. We constructed models using four distributions: the Weibull, Gumbel, Logistic, and Box-Cox power exponential distributions. The models were evaluated using global deviation and the generalized Akaike criterion. The Box-Cox power exponential proved to be the most effective in estimating N. cochenillifera height. This model enabled information relevant to practical environmental management to be obtained, as it precisely defined the optimum salt application and the required amount of replacement water, together with the cladode width for each plant growth stage using the accumulated thermal sum.

Abstract Palm trees are the third most important botanical family for humans because of their potential use in oils, drugs, cosmetics, food, and feed. Despite their importance, little information on their genetics and molecular variations exists, and a better understanding could contribute to breeding programs. This study aimed to determine the amount, distribution, and organization of plastid simple sequence repeats (cpSSRs) and their potential use in breeding in 52 species belonging to the order Arecales. Plastid genomes were analyzed to identify cpSSRs according to their nature, position, and presence in genic or intergenic regions. Primer pairs were validated in silico for amplification and polymorphisms in these SSRs and their dissimilarities were evaluated. The results showed a high frequency of mononucleotide repeats in the intergenic regions. Approximately 76 primer pairs were generated and are suggested for further studies. The dissimilarity analysis of cpSSRs showed that mono- and trinucleotides were highly abundant in plastid SSRs.

ABSTRACT The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is a species of great importance in history and economic, with large phenotypic variability, represented through a wide range of cultivars spread throughout the world. There are several studies on the characterization of a large number of cultivars of the species. However, there is a need to uncover how these phenotypic traits are heritable, and how they can change when environmental conditions vary. For this reason, the objective here was to estimate the heritability coefficients for fruit characters in six commercial cultivars, analyzed under conditions in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The study was carried out in a single year, based on the analysis of fruit and oil traits on the cultivars Arbequina, Arbosana, Frantoio, Koroneiki, Manzanilla de Sevilla, and Picual, under environmental conditions in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Phenotypic plasticity and broad-sense heritability were estimated in both inter and intra-cultivar comparisons. From the analyses of variance and heritability, it was observed that some cultivars such as Koroneiki or Picual had their characters mainly under genetic control, while Arbequina was more influenced by genotype-environment interaction. The information derived from this work can help guide the selection of cultivars that are best adapted under the local environments of the southern region of Brazil.

Abstract Introduction Asymptomatic patients with moderate functional capacity do not require Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) workup in the preoperative period of non-cardiac surgeries, especially when scheduled for minor and intermediate-risk surgeries. The workup is inappropriate because it promotes over diagnosing and pointless treatments. Moreover, those patients usually undergo cardiology assessment, in addition to pre-anesthetic evaluation. Objective Investigate the role of cardiology consultation as mediator in inappropriate assessment of CAD for preoperative of non-cardiac surgeries. Method Retrospective study performed in a private anesthesia service using medical charts of asymptomatic patients with a history of controlled systemic disease and moderate functional capacity, submitted to pre-anesthetic consultation for minor and intermediate risk surgeries. Cardiology consultations were identified by the presence of a consultation report by a cardiologist. CAD workup was defined as undergoing cardiac stress tests. Results We included 390 medical charts of patients with mean age of 48.6 ± 15.4 years, 67% women and 69% intermediate risk surgeries. CAD workup was infrequent and performed in 3.9% of patients. Besides, pre-anesthetic evaluation, 93 (24%) patients had a cardiology consultation. Among those patients, 15.1% were submitted to CAD workup, compared to 0.34% of patients without cardiology assessment (p< 0.001; RR = 4.4; 95% CI: 3.5–5.6). Conclusions Inappropriate testing for CAD investigation is infrequent for asymptomatic individuals submitted to minor and intermediate risk surgeries. However, cardiology consultation increases substantially the likelihood of a patient undergoing CAD workup, suggesting that, unlike the anesthesiologist, the cardiologist is a major mediator of this kind of management.

■ RESUMO Os defeitos na região palpebral são causados principalmente por excisões cirúrgicas de neoplasias cutâneas. Os objetivos da reconstrução palpebral estão fundamentados na restauração da funcionalidade desta unidade anatômica para manter a proteção ocular e a recuperação de uma aparência normal devido à importância crítica da região periocular na estética facial. O reparo dos defeitos palpebrais começa com uma cuidadosa avaliação dos componentes anatômicos que têm sido ressecados e precisam ser reconstruídos; a extensão e a localização do defeito guiarão a reconstrução. Grandes defeitos comprometendo a totalidade da espessura palpebral são um desafio para os cirurgiões plásticos. Milhares de técnicas cirúrgicas têm sido descritas para a reconstrução de defeitos palpebrais de espessura total; apresentamos neste artigo a descrição de um caso de reconstrução dinâmica da pálpebra com associação de um retalho frontal com transposição do músculo temporal após ressecção de um carcinoma basocelular infiltrativo recidivado.

■ ABSTRACT Surgical excisions of skin neoplasms mainly cause defects in the eyelid region. The objectives of eyelid reconstruction are based on the restoration of this anatomical unit’s functionality to maintain eye protection and recovery from a normal appearance due to the critical importance of the periocular region in facial aesthetics. Repair of eyelid defects begins with a careful evaluation of the anatomical components that have been resected and need to be reconstructed; the extent and location of the defect will guide the reconstruction. Large defects compromising the entire body thickness are a challenge for plastic surgeons. Thousands of surgical techniques have been described for the reconstruction of total thickness eyelid defects; we present in this article the description of a case of dynamic eyelid reconstruction with an association of a frontal flap with temporal muscle transposition after resection of a recurrent infiltrative basal cell carcinoma.

Resumo A Casa da Ciência é um centro cultural de divulgação científica da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro que tem como objetivo despertar a curiosidade por meio das relações entre ciência, arte e cultura. Utiliza diferentes linguagens, de forma lúdica e interativa, para discutir os conceitos da ciência, proporcionando sua popularização. Este artigo, de caráter bibliográfico e exploratório, aborda os aspectos históricos relativos à criação da instituição, seu funcionamento e financiamento. Traça também um breve histórico da divulgação científica brasileira contemporânea. O trabalho inclui uma reflexão sobre a Política Cultural, Artística e de Difusão Científico-Cultural para a implantação do Sistema Integrado de Museus, Acervos e Patrimônio da universidade. Aponta para as dificuldades dos processos de institucionalização desses espaços.

Abstract The Casa da Ciência at the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro is a cultural center meant to stir curiosity by connecting science, art, and culture. Different languages are used in an entertaining and interactive manner to discuss and popularize scientific concepts. This bibliographical and exploratory article addresses the historical aspects around the creation of the institution, its function, and its funding. It also provides a brief history of contemporary scientific dissemination in Brazil. A reflection on cultural, artistic and scientific/cultural policy for the implementation of the university’s integrated system for museums, collections, and university heritage is also included, and indicates the difficulties in the processes of institutionalizing these spaces.