The bivalves collected in the Western Antarctic and Subantarctic waters by scientists of the Instituto Oceanográfico - USP during the Scientific Brazilian Expeditions to Antarctical-IX are characterised through its conchiliological features, illustrated and their occurrence plotted in maps. A species of bivalve collected by scuba divers of the IO-USP on the Napier Rock, Admiralty Bay, King George Island during the Expeditions XV and XVI is also considered in this work. The material identified is representative of 25 species distributed among three families and four genera of Protobranchia, three farnilies and five genera of Pteriornorpha, five families and six genera of Heterodonta, and four families and four genera of Anomalo desmata. The main scope of this work is to provide searchers dealing with macrobenthic fauna with an ease identification guide to the bivalved molluscs of the sampled region.

Protothaca (Leukoma) pectorina (Lamarck, 1818) lives from the West Indies to Santa Catarina State, Brazil, in soft muddy beaches in quiet waters of protected bays with little amounts of suspended material. A study of the functional anatomy of P. pectorina and its ecological aspects were undertaken. The anatomy and functioning of the stomach and the mechanisms for selection of particles were observed. The siphons, ctenidia, labial palps and stomach were analised and related to the animal's natural environment. The siphons belong to type B (Yonge 1948), the ctenidia to type C (1a) (Atkins 1937). The ctenidia are homorhabdic (Ridewood 1903) and the stomach belongs to type V (Purchon 1960).

Perna perna (Linné, 1758) occurs on the Atlantic littoral from Venezuela to Uruguay. The main organ systems were studied in the living animais, particular attention being paid to the ciliary feeding and cleansing mechanisms in the mantle cavity. The anatomy, functioning of the stomach and the ciliary sorting mechanisms are described. The siphons belong to type A (Yongf. 1948b), the ctenidia to type B( 1) (Atkins 1936c) and the stomach is of type III (Purchon 1957) or Section I (Dinamani 1967) with sorting mecanisms of type A and B (Reid 1965). A general comparison was made between the genera of the Mytilidae known and some features of Mytella Soot-Ryen, 1955.

O recrutamento larval e o crescimento de Teredinidae na região entremarés do manguezal da Praia Dura, Ubatuba, SP, foi acompanhado durante doze meses (08/84 a 08/85) utilizando coletores construídos com madeira de mangue. O tempo decorrido para se detectar a presença dos primeiros Teredinidae foi de aproximadamente sete meses após o início do experimento e o número de indivíduos por coletor foi muito reduzido no período de amostragem. Esses resultados contrastam com os obtidos por outros autores que instalaram coletores em ambiente marinho, mas são semelhantes aos obtidos por autores que instalaram coletores em regiões estuarinas do litoral brasileiro. Essas diferenças nos resultados talvez possam ser explicadas pelo fato da salinidade ser mais baixa e mais variável nos estuários que no ambiente marinho. A análise dos dados sobre o recrutamento larval, permite concluir que a espécie mais abundante foi Nausitora fustieula (Jeffreys, 1860), com principal época de instalação em março e taxa inicial de crescimento de 1,86 mm/day. As outras espécies de Teredinidae, Bankiaflmbriatula Moll & Roch, 1931, Bankia roehi Moll, 1931 e Neoteredo reynei (Bartsch, 1920), apresentaram pequeno número de indivíduos e em função disso, não foi possível determinar suas épocas de instalação e respectivas taxas de crescimento.

The larval settlement and growth of Teredinidae in the intertidal region of the Praia Dura mangrove, Ubatuba, SP, were undertaken during one year (08/84 to 08/85) using colectors made from mangrove wood. The presence of the first Teredinidae was detected approximately seven month after the inicial experiment and the number of specimens per coletor was small during the sampling period. These results contrast with those obtained by other authors working in a marine environment, but are similar to those obtained in experiments developed in Brazilian estuaries. The differences between data obtained in marine and estuarine environments, might be explained by the lower and more variable salinity gradient in estuaries. Larval settlement data revealed that the most abundant species was Nausitora fustieula (Jeffreys,1860), which settles on wood prefrerably in March, and has an initial growth rate of 1.86 mm/day. The other Teredinidae species Banida fimbriatula Moll & Roch, 1931, Bankia rochi Moll, 1931 and Neoteredo reynei (Bartsch, 1920), occurred in a very small number of specimens and therefore, their time of settlement and growth rates could not be determined.

Realizou-se o levantamento e estudou-se a distribuição das espécies de Teredinidae no manguezal da Praia Dura, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil. Investigou-se a abundância das espécies nas regiões mais em contato freqüente com a água e as menos atingidas pelas preamares. Determinou-se, também, a distribuição das espécies ao longo do Rio Escuro, segundo um gradiente decrescente de salinidade: Nausitora fusticula foi a espécie mais abundante ao longo do Rio Comprido, demonstrando que esta espécie está bem adaptada a região entremarés e a grande variação de salinidade (0 a 33 S). Na área do bosque em maior contato com a água N fusticula é encontrada com Bankiafimbriatula, B. gouldi e B. rochi e, nas áreas menos atingidas pelas preamares, divide o ambiente com Neoteredo reynei, ocorrendo poucos indivíduos das espécies de Banida já mencionadas. O limite máximo da ocorrência de Teredinidae no Rio Comprido, correspondeu ao limite máximo da penetração da água do mar durante as preamares. Nas áreas menos salinas do rio, praticamente deixam de ocorrer todas as espécies de Banida e Neoteredo reynei, começando a surgir Psiloteredo healdi, com quem N. fusticula passa a dividir o ambiente, sendo posteriormente dominada por aquela.

A survey for bivalves (Teredinidae) at several sites in the Escuro River and Comprido River at mangrove regions in Praia Dura , Ubatuba, SP was conducted. Nausitora fusticula was the most abundant species found in all collection sites at the border of Comprido River meaning that the species was well adapted to the intertidal regions and to the large variation in salinity (0 to 33 S). N. fusticula was found with Bankiafimbriatula, Bankiagouldi and Bankia rochi at the mangrove region in contact with the water. At the regions less influenced by the tides N. fusticula occurred with Neoteredo reynei and few specimens of the genus Banida already cited. The species of Teredinidae was found at the maximum limit of penetration of the sea water during the high tides. When the salinity was lower neither Banida species nor Neoteredo reynei occurred, but Psiloteredo healdi and AC fusticula were found.

The Foraminifera of the present paper were collected on the Brazilian continental shelf. Elphidium bugrum sp. n. (Figs. 14, 15), from the coast of São Paulo, southern-middle Brazil, differs from E. incertum (Williamson 1858) by having small pores on the apertural region which are arranged irregularly.

A description is given of Dentostomina besnardii, new species, from Banco de São Tomé (Lat. 22º 08' S - Long 40º 39' W) and Trindade (Lat. 20º 33' S - Long. 29º 22' W), coast of Brazil. The species is similar to D. guraboensis Bermudez, 1949, differing from it by the position of the bifid tooth and the size of the grains which form the test.

This is the first report of a series on Foraminifera of Brazil. The animals were collected on the Brazilian continental shelf and only the Miliolidae, Peneroplidae and Alveolinellidae were taken into consideration in this paper. Forty one species were described, belonging to the following genera: Quinqueloculina D'Orbigny, Articulina D'Orbigny, Massilina Schlumberger, Pyrgo Defrance, Pyrgoella Cushman & White, Biloculinella Wiesner, Spiroloculina d'Orbigny, Sigmoilina Schlumberger. Ilauerina d'Orbigny, Flintia Schubert, Triloculina d'Orbigny, Peneroplis Montfort, Archaias Montfort, Sorites Ehrenberg, Borelis Montfort. Two regions were established from the observation of the distribution of the Miliolidae, Peneroplidae and Alveolinellidae. The animals collected from 23º S northwards were captured in warm tropical waters and those found on Banco S. Tomé, Barra de S. João, and Trindade Island are the same which occur in the West Indies. According to Ekman (1953, p. 4) the coral regions are not always formed by animals. They may also be formed by algae belonging to the genus lÀtliothamnion. The samples I, II, and III were collected in such coral formations. The following species occurred from this southern limit northwards : Articulina multilocularis, A. sagra, A. sulcata, Hauerina bradyi, H. ornatissima, Quinqueloculina funafutiensis, O. tricarinata, Miliolinella oblonga, Massilina crenata, Spiroloculina antillarum, S. caduca, Triloculina planciana, Peneroplis bradyi, P. carinatus, P. pertusus, P. proteus, Archaias angulatus, Sorites marginalis and Borelis pulchra.