ABSTRACT The use of salt stress attenuators is considered an important tool to minimize the deleterious effects of salts. However, its application to chives (Allium schoenoprasum L.) has not been studied. This study aimed to evaluate the induction of salt stress tolerance in chives plants in relation to growth and enzymatic reactions, when subjected to different salinity levels of the nutrient solution, after acclimation of seeds with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24 h. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, where chives seeds were acclimated by H2O2 at concentrations of 0.0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60 mmol. After germination, the plants were cultivated in hydroponic system with electrical conductivities of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1. Plant height, length and number of leaves, H2O2 content, malondialdehyde and catalase (CAT) activity were evaluated in chives plants. The increase in the salinity of the nutrient solution up to 5 dS m-1 reduced by 5.88%, 17% and 9.63% plant height, leaf length and number of leaves, respectively. It was observed that the acclimation of chives seeds with H2O2 at 0.45 mmol g-1 fresh mass in plants that were cultivated in nutrient solution of 3.73 dS m-1 led to maximum CAT activity, minimizing the deleterious effects of nutrient solution salinity on plant growth.

RESUMO A microirrigação associada à fertilização nitrogenada visa suprir a demanda hídrica e nutricional da palma forrageira. Objetivou-se, com este estudo, avaliar o crescimento e a produtividade da palma forrageira irrigada por microirrigação e fertilizada com nitrogênio. O experimento foi conduzido a campo, na fazenda Poço Redondo, Santa Luzia, PB, Brasil (6° 52’ 27’’ S e 36º 56’ 0’’ W e altitude de 299 m), entre abril e dezembro de 2017. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados no esquema fatorial 5 x 2, sendo cinco frequências de irrigação (7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias) e dois tipos de fertilização (solo fertilizado com nitrogênio e não fertilizado), na cultivar Orelha de Elefante Mexicana, com três repetições. Diferentes frequências de irrigação promovem decréscimo na produtividade de biomassa verde e acréscimo na produtividade econômica da água quando se utiliza o cladódio para semente na palma forrageira cv. Orelha de Elefante Mexicana. A fertilização nitrogenada aumentou o crescimento e as produtividades de biomassa verde, da água e econômica. O maior retorno econômico é obtido com a produção de cladódios comercializados para material propagativo. A redução da frequência de irrigação proporciona maior economia de água, aumentando a área irrigada e a produção, ao utilizar menor volume de água com alta frequência.

ABSTRACT Microirrigation associated with nitrogen (N) fertilization aims to meet the water and nutritional demands of cactus pear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and yield of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) irrigated by microirrigation and fertilized with N. The experiment was conducted in the field at the Poço Redondo farm, Santa Luzia, PB, Brazil (6° 52’ 27’’ S and 36º 56’ 0’’ W and altitude of 299 m), between April and December 2017. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with five irrigation frequencies (7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days) and two types of fertilization (soil fertilized with N and not fertilized) in the cultivar ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’, with three replicates. Different irrigation frequencies promote reduction in green biomass yield and increase in the economic water productivity when using of the cladode for propagative material. Nitrogen fertilization increased growth, green biomass yield, water productivity and economic water productivity. The greatest economic return is obtained by producing cladodes marketed for propagative material. Reducing the frequency of irrigation promotes greater water saving, increasing the irrigated area and production by using less water at high frequency.