Abstract Purpose This paper aims to investigate the influence of trust on adopting and implementing blockchain technology in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Brazil. Design/methodology/approach This study uses an exploratory qualitative approach to understand the construct of trust in the context of the educational sector. Data were collected through semistructured questionnaires and online interviews. Findings The research identified that, for most potential blockchain users, trust positively influences the HEIs, because benefits such as secure data sharing and transaction transparency could optimize the daily routine and avoid fraud in academic documents, providing a cooperative and reliable working environment. In addition, the results suggest that trust is needed to overcome challenges related to issues such as costs and privacy. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to the advances in the emerging literature on blockchain in the educational sector as a system with the potential to generate trust, as well as the literature on the technology acceptance models. Practical implications For HEI managers and practitioners, this study highlights the need for a greater understanding of the influence of trust in the relationships between HEIs and other stakeholders. Social implications This work shows that adopting blockchain technologies would allow users to build social relationships of trust in a cooperative work environment and develop trusted behavior by sharing data securely and transparently. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first studies on the adoption and implementation of blockchain in the education sector in Brazil.

SUMMARY Increasing the number of pregnant heifers per time unit improves reproductive efficiency in dairy herds. The objective of this work was to analyze the effect of management factors on conception. Reproductive events of 2532 heifers throughout 37 years were analyzed adjusting proportional risk models. The interval from the first service to conception (IPSC) was defined as the days passed from the start of the service period (IPS) to conception. The observation period per animal was 90 days. Models adjusted for IPSC include effects of age at the start of the service period (IPS), year, number and season of Services, conception rate of bulls, and year-to-season interaction with services. The Weibull model adjusts the IPSC variation pattern. Conception was lower in heifers under 18 months, in the 2nd and 3rd service, and when bulls with less conception rate were used. Conception was higher in fall services by 1.17 times compared to spring services. Identifying management factors affecting days to conception in heifers allows developing strategies to improve reproductive efficiency in dairy herds.

RESUMEN El incremento del número de vaquillonas preñadas por unidad de tiempo mejora la eficiencia reproductiva en rodeos lecheros. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el efecto de factores de manejo sobre la concepción. Se analizaron eventos reproductivos en 2532 vaquillonas, ocurridos en 37 años, ajustando modelos de riesgos proporcionales. El intervalo del primer servicio a la concepción (IPSC) fue definido como los días transcurridos entre el inicio del periodo de servicios (IPS) y la concepción. El período total de observación, por animal, fue de 90 días. Los modelos ajustados para IPSC incluyeron efectos de edad al inicio del período de servicio (IPS), año, número y estación de los servicios, tasa de concepción de los toros y la interacción año con estación de los servicios. El modelo Weibull ajustó el patrón de variación de IPSC. La concepción fue menor en vaquillonas de hasta 18 meses, en el segundo y tercer servicio, y cuando se usaron toros con baja tasa de concepción. La concepción aumentó en los servicios de otoño en 1,17 veces respecto a las de primavera. La identificación de factores de manejo que afectan los días a la concepción en vaquillonas permite corregir estrategias para mejorar la eficiencia reproductiva en el rodeo.

RESUMO As aplicações de big data têm remodelado vários modelos de negócios e provocado grandes transformações na gestão da cadeia de suprimentos (GCS). Apoiado pela literatura emergente de big data, GCS e teoria unificada de aceitação e uso de tecnologia (UTAUT), este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar as variáveis que influenciam os profissionais brasileiros que atuam na GCS a adotar big data. Assim, nós adaptamos e validamos um modelo UTAUT previamente desenvolvido. Um total de 152 profissionais que atuam na gestão de cadeias de suprimentos revelou que condições facilitadoras (como a infraestrutura de TI) têm uma grande influência na adoção de big data. Por outro lado, a influência social e a expectativa de desempenho não apresentaram efeito significativo. Este estudo contribui para a prática, com conhecimentos valiosos para os tomadores de decisão que estão considerando projetos de big data. Além disso, ele ajuda a minimizar a lacuna em relação aos estudos de big data no contexto brasileiro.

ABSTRACT Big data applications have been remodeling several business models and provoking strong radical transformations in supply chain management (SCM). Supported by the literature on big data, supply chain management, and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), this study aims to evaluate the variables that influence the intention of Brazilian SCM professionals to adopt big data. To this end, we adapted and validated a previously developed UTAUT model. A survey of 152 supply chain respondents revealed that facilitating conditions (e.g., IT infrastructure) have a high influence on their intention to adopt big data. However, social influence and performance expectancy showed no significant effect. This study contributes to the practical field, offering valuable insights for decision-makers considering big data projects. It also contributes to the literature by helping minimize the research gap in big data in the Brazilian context.

RESUMEN Las aplicaciones de big data han estado remodelando varios modelos de negocios y han provocado fuertes transformaciones en la cadena de suministro (CS). Con el apoyo de la literatura de big data, CS y la teoría unificada de aceptación y uso de la tecnología (UTAUT), este estudio tiene objetivo evaluar las variables que afectan a los profesionales brasileños para adoptar big data. Por lo tanto, adaptamos y validamos un modelo UTAUT previamente desarrollado. Un total de 152 encuestados de CS revelaron que las condiciones de facilitación (por ejemplo, la infraestructura de TI) tienen una gran influencia en la adopción de big data. Por otro lado, la influencia social y la expectativa de desempeño no mostraron un efecto significativo. Este estudio contribuye a la práctica, con información valiosa para los responsables de la toma de decisiones que están considerando proyectos de big data. Además, ayudamos a minimizar la brecha con respecto a los estudios de big data en el contexto brasileño.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar a capacidade de degradar a matéria orgânica pela macrofauna edáfica (minhocas), a relação carbono/nitrogênio (C/N) e o potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), durante o processo da vermicompostagem em diferentes resíduos orgânicos. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por resíduos orgânicos de origem animal (esterco bovino, ovino e equino) e vegetal (resíduo de erva-mate e borra-de-café), os quais foram acondicionados em vasos plásticos com capacidade de 10 litros, compondo cinco tratamentos em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualisado, com cinco repetições. Foram inoculadas 150 minhocas da espécie Eisenia foetida, em cada recipiente. Após 87 dias, foi realizada a avaliação da multiplicação das minhocas, através da sua contagem manual e seus casulos. Os resíduos foram submetidos, ao inicio e ao final do experimento, a análises de umidade a 60 °C, pH, densidade volumétrica, análise química de macronutrientes e relação C/N. Houve uma dominância de minhocas e casulos no processo da vermicompostagem nos resíduos de esterco ovino e erva-mate. Observou-se para os macronutrientes (P, K e Mg) e para a relação C/N uma maior quantidade nos resíduos vegetais, enquanto que para N valores maiores foram encontrados nos tratamentos esterco ovino e borra-de-café, e para Ca o maior valor entre os tratamentos foi observado no tratamento com borra de café ao final e o menor valor no inicio. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo demonstram a importância da macrofauna edáfica para o processo da vermicompostagem por possibilitar maiores informações sobre sua influência na continuidade dos processos de decomposição da matéria orgânica.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability to degrade organic matter by edaphic macrofauna (worms), carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and hydrogenation potential (pH) during the vermicomposting process in different organic residues. The treatments were constituted by organic residues of animal origin (bovine, ovine and equine manure) and vegetable (herb-checkmate and coffee drag), which were conditioned in plastic pots with a capacity of 10 liters, comprising five treatments in a completely randomized experimental design, with five replications. Were inoculated 150 earthworms of the species Eisenia foetida, into each plot. After 87 days, the evaluation of the multiplication of the earthworms was carried out, through its manual count and its cocoons. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, the samples were submitted to analysis of humidity at 60 °C, pH, volumetric density, chemical analysis of macronutrients and C/N ratio. There was a dominance of worms and cocoons in the process of vermicomposting in the residues of ovine manure and herb-checkmate. The macronutrients (P, K and Mg) and C/N ratio were higher in the vegetal residues, while for N higher values were found in ovine manure and coffee drag treatments, and for Ca higher value among treatments was observed in the coffee drag treatment at the end and the lowest value at initiation. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the importance of the edaphic macrofauna to the vermicomposting process, since it allows more information about its influence on the continuity of soil organic matter decomposition processes.

Resumo No processo de beneficiamento da vermiculita é gerado um resíduo fino para o qual atualmente ainda não foi desenvolvida uma aplicação que possibilite a utilização em larga escala. Uma alternativa que vem sendo estudada é a associação com cimento Portland em composições de argamassas e concretos, em função da composição química do resíduo: elevada quantidade de alumínio, silício e magnésio, que podem apresentar interações com o ligante. Como o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar unicamente o impacto do uso do resíduo nas propriedades no estado endurecido das argamassas cimentícias, as composições foram misturadas utilizando-se a mesma relação água/sólidos, independente das alterações na consistência. Os teores de substituição foram variados de 5 a 20% e as propriedades no estado endurecido foram avaliadas a partir de ensaios de Arquimedes, resistência à tração na compressão diametral, módulo de elasticidade dinâmico e permeabilidade ao ar. Os resultados indicaram que até o teor de 10% de substituição não houve alterações estatisticamente significativas nos produtos, independente do processo de calcinação.

Abstract In the process to obtaining vermiculite a fine residue is generated, which does not yet have a large-scale application. An alternative that has been studied is the association with Portland cement in mortar and concrete formulations, due to the chemical composition of the residue: high amount of aluminium, silicon and magnesium which may have interactions with the binder. As the objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of the use of the residue on the cementitious compositions without altering the water-to-solid ratio, the compositions were mixed using the same amount of water, independently of the changes in the consistency of the mortars. Replacement levels were varied from 5 to 20% and Archimedes immersion, tensile strength in diametrical compression, dynamic modulus of elasticity and air permeability tests were used. The results indicated that up to the 10% substitution content there were no statistically significant changes in the products, independently of calcination process.

This work deals with experimental and numerical studies of a 3-D transient free-surface two-phase flow in a bench-scale channel flow. The aim was to determine how well the homogeneous model can predict the fluid dynamics behavior and to validate the model. The model was validated with experimental data acquired for two hydrodynamic situations. The mathematical model was based on the mass conservation equations for liquid and gas phases and on the momentum conservation equation for the mixture, assuming interpenetrating, continuum and homogeneous hypotheses. Turbulence has been considered for the mixture through the standard k-ε model. The numerical methods were the finite volume method with pressure-velocity coupling and a numerical grid on a generalized Cartesian coordinate system. Good qualitative and quantitative agreements were found for both cases, making the prediction of the fluid dynamics behavior quite robust.

The technique of experimental design is used on an ethylene polymerization process model in order to map the feasible optimal region as preliminary information for process optimization. Through the use of this statistical tool, together with a detailed deterministic model validated with industrial data, it is possible to identify the most relevant variables to be considered as degrees of freedom for the optimization and also to acquire significant process knowledge, which is valuable not only for future explicit optimization but also for current operational practice. The responses evaluated by the experimental design approach include the objective function and the constraints of the optimization, which also consider the polymer properties. A Plackett-Burman design with 16 trials is first carried out in order to identify the most important inlet variables. This reduces the number of decision variables, hence the complexity of the optimization model. In order to carry out a deeper investigation of the process, complete factorial designs are further implemented. They provide valuable process knowledge because interaction effects, including highly non-linear interactions between the variables, are treated methodically and are easily observed.

The freezing process is considered as a propagation problem and mathematically classified as an "initial value problem." The mathematical formulation involves a complex situation of heat transfer with simultaneous changes of phase and abrupt variation in thermal properties. The objective of the present work is to solve the non-linear heat transfer equation for food freezing processes using orthogonal collocation on finite elements. This technique has not yet been applied to freezing processes and represents an alternative numerical approach in this area. The results obtained confirmed the good capability of the numerical method, which allows the simulation of the freezing process in approximately one minute of computer time, qualifying its application in a mathematical optimising procedure. The influence of the latent heat released during the crystallisation phenomena was identified by the significant increase in heat load in the early stages of the freezing process.

In this paper, a novel approach for establishing the route for process intensification through the application of two developed softwares to characterize reactive mixtures is presented. A robust algorithm was developed to build up reactive phase diagrams and to predict the existence and the location of reactive azeotropes. The proposed algorithm does not depend on initial estimates and is able to compute all reactive azeotropes present in the mixture. It also allows verifying if there are no azeotropes, which are the major troubles in this kind of programming. An additional software was developed in order to calculate reactive residue curve maps. Results obtained with the developed program were compared with the published in the literature for several mixtures, showing the efficiency and robustness of the developed softwares.

Induced oral tolerance to mucosal-exposed antigens in immunized animals is of particular interest for the development of immunotherapeutic approaches to human allergic diseases. This is a unique feature of mucosal surfaces which represent the main contact interface with the external environment. However, the influence of oral tolerance on specific and natural polyreactive IgA antibodies, the major defense mechanism of the mucosa, is unknown. We have shown that oral administration of an extract of the dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) to primed mice caused down-regulation of IgE responses and an increase in tumor growth factor-ß secretion. In the present study, we observed that primed inbred female A/Sn mice (8 to 10 weeks old) fed by gavage a total weight of 1.0-mg Dp extract on the 6th, 7th and 8th days post-immunization presented normal secretion of IL-4 and IL-10 in gut-associated lymphoid tissue and a decreased production of interferon gamma induced by Dp in the draining lymph nodes (13,340 ± 3,519 vs 29,280 ± 2,971 pg/ml). Mice fed the Dp extract also showed higher levels of serum anti-Dp IgA antibodies and an increase of IgA-secreting cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (N = 10), reflecting an increase in total fecal IgA antibodies (N = 10). The levels of secretory anti-Dp IgA antibodies increased after re-immunization regardless of Dp extract feeding. Oral tolerance did not interfere with serum or secretory IgA antibody reactivity related to self and non-self antigens. These results suggest that induction of oral tolerance to a Dp extract in sensitized mice triggered different regulatory mechanisms which inhibited the IgE response and stimulated systemic and secretory IgA responses, preserving the natural polyreactive IgA antibody production.

1,3,4-thiadiazolium-2-aminides and their isomers 1,3,4-triazolium-2-thiolates have been synthesized via anhydroacylation reactions. This work presents a study by infrared monitoring of the reaction between substituted aroyl acid chlorides and 1,4-diphenylthiosemcarbazide. The intermediates and products were isolated, purified and charaterized by IR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The increasing or decreasing in intensity of characteristic stretching bands indicated the rate dependence on the electronic nature of substituents. The results also demonstrate that 1,3,4-triazolium-2-thiolates are obtained in anhydrous conditions whereas presence of water leads to a mixture of the isomers.