O objetivo foi realizar revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos de programas de exercício físico ao nível das autoperceções no domínio físico de jovens adolescentes e comparar a magnitude do efeito utilizando meta- análise. Foi realizada busca nas bases Pubmed e PsychInfo, considerando o período de janeiro de 2005 a maio de 2015, com os seguintes descritores em inglês: “exercise”, “adolescents”, “physical self perception”, “self concept”. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 10 artigos. Após a avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos estudos, somente 7 foram incluídos na meta-análise. As análises foram realizadas utilizando o software informático Comprehensive meta-analysis versão 2.2. A maioria dos estudos compreendeu programas multidisciplinares e variou quanto ao tipo de exercício. A prática de programas de intervenção com exercício físico teve um efeito positivo ao nível das autoperceções no domínio físico de jovens adolescentes, quando comparados aos sujeitos do grupo controlo (nenhum exercício), sendo a magnitude do efeito de Z=3.44 (p=0.001). No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para confirmar os efeitos isolados do exercício face ao modo como os adolescentes se veem a si mesmos no dominio físico, bem como o tipo de exercício físico que apresenta um maior potencial gerador desses efeitos.

The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review on the effects of exercise programs on adolescent´s Physical Self-perceptions and compare the magnitude of the effect using a meta-analysis. A search in Pubmed and PsychInfo databases was conducted ranging from January 2005 to May 2015 and using the following keywords in English language: “exercise”, “adolescents”, “physical self-perception”, “self-concept”. After the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles were included in the review, however only seven were included in the meta-analysis after assessing the methodological quality of the studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using the Comprehensive meta-analysis version 2.2. software. The majority of studies included multidisciplinary programs, however, they used different types of exercise. Physical exercise intervention programs had a positive effect on young adolescents self- perceptions in the physical domain when compared to the subjects in the control group (no exercise) and the magnitude of the effect was Z = 3.44 (p=0.001). However, more studies are needed to confirm the isolated effects of exercise on the way that teenagers perceive themselves in the physical domain, and about the type of exercise that has the greatest potential to generate these effects.

Abstract Genes can influence lipid profile and anthropometric variables related to obesity. The present study aimed to verify if variants of the APOE, APOB, ADIPOQ, HSD11β1, and PLIN4 genes are associated with lipid levels or anthropometric variables in a sample comprised of 393 Euro-Brazilian children and adolescents. DNA was genotyped by TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. The ε4 and ε2 alleles of the APOE gene were associated respectively with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (p=0.015 and p=0.012, respectively), while the ε3 allele was associated with higher abdominal circumference (p=0.0416) and excess weight (p=0.0001). The G allele (rs846910) of the HSD11β1 gene was also associated with excess weight (p=0.039). No other association was found. Our results indicate that the ε4 and ε2 alleles could contribute to lower HDL-C and LDL-C levels, respectively, furthermore, the ε3 allele and the G allele (rs846910) of HSD11β1 gene may be risk factors for excess of weight.These findings are very important because we observed that some genetic variants influence the lipid profile and anthropometric variables early in life.

Background: Increased carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) is considered a marker of early-onset atherosclerosis and it has been found in obese children and adolescents, but the risk factors associated with this population remain to be elucidated. Objective : To compare and verify the relationship between c-IMT, metabolic profile, inflammatory markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese and non-obese children and adolescents. Method : Thirty-five obese subjects (19 boys) and 18 non-obese subjects (9 boys), aged 10-16 years, were included. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and basal metabolic rate were evaluated. Serum glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), and adiponectin were assessed. c-IMT was measured by ultrasound. Results: The results showed that c-IMT, triglycerides, insulin, HOMA-IR, and CRP values were significantly higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), adiponectin, and VO2max values were significantly lower in the obese group than in the non-obese group. The c-IMT was directly correlated with body weight, waist circumference, % body fat, and HOMA-IR and inversely correlated with % free fat mass, HDL-c, and VO2max. Conclusions : Our findings show that c-IMT correlates not only with body composition, lipids, insulin resistance, and inflammation but also with low VO2max values in children and adolescents.