Abstract Objective Therapeutic targets in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIM) are based on the opinions of physicians/specialists, which may not reflect the main concerns of patients. The authors, therefore, assessed the outcome concerns of patients with IIM and compared them with the concerns of rheumatologists in order to develop an IIM outcome standard set. Methods Ninety-three IIM patients, 51 rheumatologists, and one physiotherapist were invited to participate. An open questionnaire was initially applied. The top 10 answers were selected and applied in a multiple-choice questionnaire, inquiring about the top 3 major concerns. Answers were compared, and the agreement rate was calculated. Concerns were gathered in an IIM outcome standard set with validated measures. Results The top three outcome concerns raised by patients were medication side effects/muscle weakness/prevention functionality loss. The top three concerns among rheumatologists were to prevent loss of functionality/to ensure the quality of life/to achieve disease remission. Other's outcomes concerns only pointed out by patients were muscle pain/diffuse pain/skin lesions/fatigue. The agreement rate between both groups was 41%. Assessment of these parameters guided the development of an IIM standard set which included Myositis Disease Activity Assessment Visual Analogue Scale/Manual Muscle Testing/fatigue and pain Global Visual Analogue Scale/Health Assessment Questionnaire/level of physical activity. Conclusion The authors propose a novel standard set to be pursued in IIM routine follow-up, which includes not only the main patients/rheumatologist outcome concerns but also additional important outcomes only indicated by patients. Future studies are necessary to confirm if this comprehensive approach will result in improved adherence and ultimately in better assistance.

Resumo: Este artigo avaliou sistematicamente as tendências das publicações de ecologia aquática relacionadas ao crescimento da urbanização durante três décadas (1990-2010) na Ilha de Santa Catarina. O estudo foi realizado em quinze bacias hidrográficas da Ilha de Santa Catarina, localizadas na cidade de Florianópolis, Sul do Brasil. Ferramentas de geoprocessamento e cienciometria foram utilizadas para analisar a evolução das áreas urbanas e publicações, respectivamente, relacionadas a essas bacias hidrográficas durante três décadas. O software QGIS foi utilizado para delimitar a área de captação de cada bacia hidrográfica e contrastar essas áreas com a área construída para cada década, obtendo a porcentagem de área coberta por construções e áreas impermeabilizadas. Foi criado um gradiente que permite classificar as bacias hidrográficas em relação à porcentagem da área urbanizada, resultando em 5 grupos de urbanização (0-5%; 5-10%; 10-20%; 20-30%;> 30% da urbanização). As publicações sobre ecologia aquática foram obtidas de diversas bases de dados científicas e acadêmicas e foram utilizadas na análise da cienciometria. Foram registrados o número de publicações por década, tipo de documento, área de conhecimento e bacia hidrográfica do estudo. O crescimento das áreas urbanizadas foi evidenciado principalmente a partir da década de 2000 e mostrou uma relação moderada positiva com número de publicações em ecologia de sistemas aquáticos na Ilha de Santa Catarina durante o mesmo período. No entanto, foram observadas diferenças entre as bacias hidrográficas, onde as bacias mais urbanizadas não foram necessariamente aquelas com maior número de publicações. O gradiente urbano evidenciado na ilha de Santa Catarina oferece uma oportunidade para investigar os impactos da perturbação humana na ecologia aquática, qualidade da água e comunidades de riachos. Além disso, o baixo número de pesquisas pode estar contribuindo para o declínio da integridade biológica devido à falta de conhecimento para avaliação e gerenciamento nesses ambientes.

Abstract: This paper systematically assessed trends of aquatic ecology publications related to the urbanization growth during three decades (1990-2010) in Santa Catarina Island. The study was carried out in fifteen watersheds of Santa Catarina Island, located in Florianópolis city, Southern Brazil. Geoprocessing and scientometry tools were used to analyze the evolution of urban areas and publications, respectively, related to these watersheds during three decades. The QGIS software was used to delimitate the catchment area of each watershed and contrast those areas with the built-up area for each decade, therefore obtaining the percentage of area covered with buildings and impervious surfaces. A gradient was created allowing the classification of the watersheds related to the urbanized area percentage, resulting in 5 groups of urbanization (0-5%; 5-10%; 10-20%; 20-30%; >30% of urbanization). Aquatic ecology publications were obtained from several scientific and academic databases and used in the scientometric analysis. The number of publications by decade, document type, knowledge area and watershed of study were recorded. Growth of urbanized areas was mainly evidenced since the 2000s and showed a moderate positive relationship with the number of publications in ecology of aquatic systems in the Santa Catarina Island during the same period. However, differences between watersheds were observed, since the most urbanized watersheds were not necessarily the ones with the largest number of publications. Urban gradient evidenced in Santa Catarina Island offers an opportunity to investigate the impacts of human disturbance on aquatic ecology, water quality and stream communities. Furthermore, the low number of research projects might be contributing to the decline in biological integrity due to the lack of knowledge for evaluation and management in these environments.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the frequency of anti-collagen type V in humans with early systemic sclerosis (SSc) compared to defined SSc patients and healthy controls, since collagen type V was shown to be overexpressed in early SSc patients’ skin and there is no data concerning the presence of this antibody in early stages of human SSc. Experimental studies showed that animal models immunized with collagen type V developed a disease similar to human systemic sclerosis (SSc), with antibodies production, mainly in early stages post-immunization. Methods: Eighty-one female SSc patients were included and divided into two groups: early-SSc (18 patients-EULAR Preliminary Criteria) and defined-SSc (63 patients-ACR Criteria 1980). The control group consisted of 19 healthy women age-matched to Early-SSc group. Anti-collagen type V was performed by ELISA. Data was analyzed by appropriate tests. Results: The prevalence of anti-collagen type V in early-SSc, defined-SSc and control groups was respectively 33, 17 and 5% (p = 0.07). SSc patients with anti-collagen type V had shorter disease duration compared to those without this antibody (8.8 ± 5.1 vs. 14.7 ± 8.9, p = 0.006). Likewise, early-SSc patients with anti-collagen V also had a shorter disease duration than patients negative for this antibody (4.6 ± 2.2 vs. 9.7 ± 5.2, p = 0.04). No association with clinical subsets or scleroderma antibodies specificities was observed (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The production of anti-collagen type V in SSc seems to be an early event independent of other antibodies specificities. Further studies are necessary to determine if the underlying mechanism for this chronology involves a primary immune response to abnormal expression of collagen type V.

Resumo A síndrome antifosfolipídide (APS) é uma doença autoimune caracterizada por tromboses e morbidade gestacional associadas à positividade de antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). A maioria das manifestações da APS está diretamente relacionada aos eventos trombóticos, que podem afetar pequenos, médios ou grandes vasos. Outras manifestações como trombocitopenia, nefropatia, valvulopatia, disfunção cognitiva e úlceras cutâneas (chamadas de manifestações não critérios) agregam significativa morbidade e muitas vezes são refratárias ao tratamento convencional. Embora tenha sido inicialmente descrita em pacientes com lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES), a síndrome antifosfolípide também pode ocorrer em pacientes sem outras doenças autoimunes associadas. Apesar do caráter autoimune dessa síndrome, o tratamento da APS ainda é baseado na anticoagulação e na antiagregação plaquetária.

Summary Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) associated with thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity. Most APS events are directly related to thrombotic events, which may affect small, medium or large vessels. Other clinical features like thrombocytopenia, nephropathy, cardiac valve disease, cognitive dysfunction and skin ulcers (called non-criteria manifestations) add significant morbidity to this syndrome and represent clinical situations that are challenging. APS was initially described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but it can occur in patients without any other autoimmune disease. Despite the autoimmune nature of this syndrome, APS treatment is still based on anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy.

This paper describes the size-selective predation on Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) by Pimelodus pintado (Azpelicueta, Lundberg & Loureiro, 2008) from the time it arrived at the Mirim Lagoon basin (2005). Sampling was carried out using bottom trawl in depths of 3-6 m, from January to November 2005, and from October to November 2008. Pimelodus pintado began to prey upon L. fortunei soon after its arrival (austral spring of 2005). On the spring of 2008, L. fortunei was found to be the most important food item of P. pintado. The variation in length of the mussels (0.7-3.2 cm, with a mode of 1.3 cm) indicates that the species is now fully established in the system. Our data indicates that large individuals of P. pintado incorporate more mussels in their diets than small individuals. However, regardless of their size, P. pintado individuals predate only on small (<1.4 cm) representatives of L. fortunei. This prey size corresponds to a phase when the mussel is more mobile and readily available for fish. Larger, more aggregated prey groups that are attached to hard substrates are avoided by fish predators.

Este trabalho descreve a variação espaço-temporal da abundância relativa e tamanho de Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) coletados no Canal São Gonçalo através de rede de arrasto de fundo com malha 0,5 cm, em profundidades entre 3 e 6 m. As estimativas de abundância relativa média (CPUE) variaram de 2.425,3 ind./arrasto, na primavera a 21.715,0 ind./arrasto no outono, com média de 9.515,3 ind./ arrasto ao longo do ano. A densidade média estimada para L. fortunei para a região profunda do Canal São Gonçalo variou de 1,2 a 10,3 ind./m², sendo registrada uma densidade máxima de 84,9 ind./m² no outono de 2008. O método de coleta com arrasto de fundo possibilitou a captura de L. fortunei sob o fundo mole lodoso do canal, em tamanhos variando de 0,4 a 3,2 cm, revelando que a estrutura da população adulta de L. fortunei sob fundo do Canal São Gonçalo é composta, em sua maioria, por indivíduos pequenos (<1,4 cm), os quais representam até 74% da população coletada.

This work describes the spatial-temporal variation of the relative abundance and size of Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker, 1857) collected in São Gonçalo Channel through bottom trawl with a 0.5 cm mesh, at depths between 3 and 6 m. The estimative of mean relative abundance (CPUE) ranged from 2,425.3 individuals per drag (ind./drag) in the spring to 21,715.0 ind./drag in the fall, with an average of 9,515.3 ind./drag throughout the year. The estimated mean density of L. fortunei for the deep region of São Gonçalo Channel ranged from 1.2 to 10.3 ind./m², and it was recorded a maximum density of 84.9 ind./m² in the fall of 2008. The method of sampling using bottom trawl enabled the capture of L. fortunei under the soft muddy bottom of the channel, in different sizes ranging from 0.4 to 3.2 cm. This shows that the structure of the L. fortunei adult population under the bottom of the São Gonçalo Channel is composed mostly of small individuals (<1.4 cm), which represent up to 74% of the population collected.

O propósito neste estudo foi verificar a movimentação linear de dentes em prótese total superior confeccionada com resina acrílica, proporcionada com conteúdo de monômero indicado pelo fabricante, com 25% de excesso ou com 25% a menos de monômero, nas técnicas de polimerização convencional e por microondas. Foram confeccionados 30 modelos, representando uma arcada maxilar desdentada com rebordo normal. As bases de prova e os planos de orientação foram confeccionados em cera e o conjunto montado em articulador semi-ajustável relacionado com um modelo inferior dentado. Depois da montagem dos dentes artificiais, a prótese foi moldada com silicone para duplicação das demais próteses. Foram confeccionados pontos referenciais para mensurações das distâncias entre os dentes, as quais foram analisadas com microscópio comparador linear antes e depois da desinclusão das próteses. As resinas acrílicas foram prensadas de modo convencional, alterando somente o conteúdo de monômero na proporção monômero-polímero recomendada pelo fabricante. Os dados da distância entre os dentes foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (5%). Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos com quantidade de monômero recomendada pelo fabricante e os grupos com 25% a mais ou 25% a menos de monômero, tanto na polimerização convencional como por microondas. A alteração do conteúdo de monômero e o tipo de polimerização (convencional ou por microondas) não exerceram influência na movimentação dental nas distâncias transversal e ântero-posterior.

The purpose of the study was to verify the linear displacement of teeth in maxillary complete dentures influenced by different monomer-polymer ratios - according to the manufacturer's instructions, with 25% excess or 25% less monomer content - in the conventional and microwaved polymerization techniques. Wax base plates and wax planes were made on edentulous maxillary stone casts according to traditional method. The set was assembled in semi-adjustable articulator with a lower toothed stone cast as guide to mounting of the maxillary artificial teeth. Impressions were taken from this tooth arrangement with silicone and the mold was used to standardize the mounting of the teeth of all dentures. Referential points were made on the artificial teeth for linear measurements with optical microscope before processing of the dentures and after deflasking. Denture bases were conventionally packed with acrylic resin according to the monomer-polymer ratio protocol. Tooth displacement data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (α=0.05). There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between the group with monomer content recommended by the manufacturer and groups with 25% more and 25% less monomer, in both conventional and microwaved polymerizations. Excess or less monomer in the monomer-polymer ratio and polymerization types did not change the linear distance between teeth.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a condição bucal de idosos institucionalizados na cidade de Araras (SP) e também avaliar a necessidade de tratamento dessa população. Metodologia: foram entrevistados 118 voluntários e examinados 112 idosos institucionalizados, acima de 60 anos, em Araras. A pesquisa foi realizada através de um questionário prévio com 14 questões para avaliar a saúde geral do paciente, além de verificação da autopercepção de saúde bucal e de exame físico intraoral, observando as condições bucais dos pacientes. Para conhecer a prevalência de cárie dentária, foram utilizados critérios e índices preconizados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Resultados: observou-se que as doenças sistêmicas que apresentaram maior prevalência foram a insônia (40,67%), seguida de distúrbios visuais (36,44%) e artrite (33,05%). Em relação à autopercepção dos voluntários quanto à sua condição bucal, notou-se que 90,67% dos indivíduos acham que a condição bucal não afeta a sua qualidade de vida. Com o exame intraoral, obteve-se um CPO-D médio igual a 30,6 com o componente perdido contribuindo com 93,9% do valor da prevalência de cárie (p= 28,7). Conclusão: essa população precisa de cuidados especiais voltados à saúde bucal, pois além de possuir um CPO-D alto apresenta autopercepção inadequada de saúde bucal.

The aim of this study was to check the oral condition of the elderly citizens from the city of Araras (São Paulo, Brazil), and to evaluate treatment needs for this population. 118 volunteers were interviewed and 112 were examined, all of them with age above 60 years. The research was accomplished through a previous 14 question questionnaire that evaluated the patient general health, besides verified the self-knowledge of their oral health in addition to an intraoral physical exam, observing the oral conditions of the patients. In order to verify cavities prevalence, it was used an advocated criterion and index by WHO. It was observed that the systemic diseases that presented most prevalence were insomnia (40,67%), followed by visual disturbances (36,44%) and arthritis (33,05%). In relation to the self-knowledge of the volunteers as to their oral condition, it was noticed that 90,67% of the individuals thought that oral condition does not affect their quality of life. With the intraoral exam, it was obtained a DMF-T media equals to 30,6 with the lost component contributing to 93,9% of the cavities prevalence value (p= 28,7). This population requires special care focused on the oral health because besides having a high DMF-T, they also present inadequate oral health self-knowledge.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a condição bucal de idosos institucionalizados na cidade de Araras (SP) e também avaliar a necessidade de tratamento dessa população. Metodologia: foram entrevistados 118 voluntários e examinados 112 idosos institucionalizados, acima de 60 anos, em Araras. A pesquisa foi realizada através de um questionário prévio com 14 questões para avaliar a saúde geral do paciente, além de verificação da autopercepção de saúde bucal e de exame físico intraoral, observando as condições bucais dos pacientes. Para conhecer a prevalência de cárie dentária, foram utilizados critérios e índices preconizados pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Resultados: observou-se que as doenças sistêmicas que apresentaram maior prevalência foram a insônia (40,67%), seguida de distúrbios visuais (36,44%) e artrite (33,05%). Em relação à autopercepção dos voluntários quanto à sua condição bucal, notou-se que 90,67% dos indivíduos acham que a condição bucal não afeta a sua qualidade de vida. Com o exame intraoral, obteve-se um CPO-D médio igual a 30,6 com o componente perdido contribuindo com 93,9% do valor da prevalência de cárie (p= 28,7). Conclusão: essa população precisa de cuidados especiais voltados à saúde bucal, pois além de possuir um CPO-D alto apresenta autopercepção inadequada de saúde bucal.

The aim of this study was to check the oral condition of the elderly citizens from the city of Araras (São Paulo, Brazil), and to evaluate treatment needs for this population. 118 volunteers were interviewed and 112 were examined, all of them with age above 60 years. The research was accomplished through a previous 14 question questionnaire that evaluated the patient general health, besides verified the self-knowledge of their oral health in addition to an intraoral physical exam, observing the oral conditions of the patients. In order to verify cavities prevalence, it was used an advocated criterion and index by WHO. It was observed that the systemic diseases that presented most prevalence were insomnia (40,67%), followed by visual disturbances (36,44%) and arthritis (33,05%). In relation to the self-knowledge of the volunteers as to their oral condition, it was noticed that 90,67% of the individuals thought that oral condition does not affect their quality of life. With the intraoral exam, it was obtained a DMF-T media equals to 30,6 with the lost component contributing to 93,9% of the cavities prevalence value (p= 28,7). This population requires special care focused on the oral health because besides having a high DMF-T, they also present inadequate oral health self-knowledge.