ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the clinical profile of COVID-19 inpatients who were vaccinated prior to hospitalization and to compare the risk factors for death and the 28-day survival rate of between those inpatients vaccinated with one, two, or three doses and unvaccinated COVID-19 inpatients. Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study involving COVID-19 patients admitted to a referral hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, between July of 2020 and June of 2022. Results: The sample comprised 1,921 inpatients, 996 of whom (50.8%) were vaccinated prior to hospitalization. After adjusting the mortality risk for vaccinated patients, those undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) had the highest mortality risk (adjusted OR [aOR] = 7.4; 95% CI, 3.8-14.1; p < 0.001), followed by patients > 80 years of age (aOR = 7.3; 95% CI, 3.4-15.4; p < 0.001), and those needing vasopressors (aOR = 5.6; 95% CI, 2.9-10.9; p < 0.001). After adjusting the mortality risk for all patients, having received three vaccine doses (aOR = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.03-0.11; p < 0.001) was the most important protective factor against death. There were progressive benefits of vaccination, reducing the frequency of ICU admissions, use for IMV, and death (respectively, from 44.9%, 39.0% and 39.9% after the first dose to 16.7%, 6.2% and 4.4% after the third dose), as well as significant improvements in survival after each subsequent dose (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Vaccines were effective in reducing illness severity and death in this cohort of COVID-19 inpatients, and the administration of additional doses conferred them with accumulative vaccine protection.

RESUMO Objetivo: Traçar o perfil clínico de pacientes internados com COVID-19 que haviam sido vacinados antes da hospitalização e comparar os fatores de risco para óbito e a taxa de sobrevida em 28 dias entre esses internados vacinados com uma, duas ou três doses e pacientes internados com COVID-19 não vacinados. Métodos: Estudo de coorte observacional retrospectivo envolvendo pacientes com COVID-19 internados em um hospital de referência na cidade do Recife (PE) entre julho de 2020 e junho de 2022. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 1.921 pacientes internados, dos quais 996 (50,8%) haviam sido vacinados antes da hospitalização. Após ajuste do risco de mortalidade para os pacientes vacinados, aqueles submetidos à ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI) apresentaram o maior risco de mortalidade (OR ajustada [ORa] = 7,4; IC95%: 3,8-14,1; p < 0,001), seguidos pelos pacientes > 80 anos (ORa = 7,3; IC95%: 3,4-15,4; p < 0,001) e aqueles que necessitam de vasopressores (ORa = 5,6; IC95%: 2,9-10,9; p < 0,001). Após ajuste do risco de mortalidade para todos os pacientes, o recebimento de três doses de vacina (ORa = 0,06; IC95%: 0,03-0,11; p < 0,001) foi o fator de proteção mais importante contra o óbito. Houve benefícios progressivos da vacinação, com redução da frequência de internações em UTI, de uso de VMI e de óbitos (de 44,9%, 39,0% e 39,9% após a primeira dose para 16,7%, 6,2% e 4,4% após a terceira dose, respectivamente), bem como melhora significativa na sobrevida após cada dose subsequente (p < 0,001). Conclusões: As vacinas foram efetivas na redução da gravidade da doença e dos óbitos nesta coorte de pacientes internados com COVID-19, e a aplicação de doses adicionais conferiu-lhes proteção vacinal cumulativa.

Boron-manganese steel 22MnB5 is extensively used in structural automotive components. Knowledge about its microstructural evolution during hot stamping and resistance spot welding (RSW) is extremely relevant to guarantee compliance with application requirements. Particularly, corrosion properties are critical to the application of uncoated sheet steels. However, microstructural studies are usually simplified to top-hat geometries, which might not be fully representative of the complex thermomechanical cycles locally faced by a real component. Therefore, the present work brings an extensive characterization of a hot-stamped 22MnB5 automotive B-pillar in terms of microstructure, hardness and corrosion resistance, which were correlated with a reverse engineering of the process using numerical simulation. Physical simulations of the subcritical heat affected zone (SCHAZ) of RSW were done to assess the influence of microstructure on martensite tempering. Results showed that the component undergoes a complex strain distribution along its body during hot stamping. Most heavily strained regions presented higher amounts of ferrite, leading to poorer corrosion resistance, since ferrite behaves as an anode. Physical simulations of the SCHAZ showed that the softening degree due to martensite tempering is solely affected by peak temperature, while other microstructural features appear to exert negligible or no influence. Boronmanganese Boron manganese MnB 22MnB components (RSW requirements Particularly steels However tophat top hat geometries Therefore hotstamped stamped Bpillar B pillar simulation (SCHAZ anode temperature

Resumo O objetivo foi verificar a associação entre a prática de atividade física (AF) e a percepção do ambiente em adultos de uma cidade do Sul do Brasil. Estudo transversal de base populacional com 820 adultos, residentes na cidade de Criciúma-SC. A percepção do ambiente foi avaliada pela escala Neighborhood Environmental Walkability, e a AF no domínio do lazer e transporte ativo pela versão longa do Questionário Internacional de AF. Observou-se que o bairro com lugar público para a prática de exercícios físicos e o fato de passear com o cachorro estiveram associados a maiores prevalências de atendimento às recomendações de AF moderada à vigorosa (AFMV). O fato de ter convite de amigos e/ou parentes para AF, a realização de eventos esportivos e o hábito de passear com o cachorro estiveram associados à caminhada no lazer. O acesso a locais para aquisição de frutas/legumes frescos, alimentos light/diet, ter calçadas na maioria das ruas, ter faixas de segurança e ter eventos esportivos no bairro estiveram associados a maiores prevalências de deslocamento ativo. De forma contrária, lugares para lanches ou fast-food no bairro se associaram a menor prevalência de deslocamento ativo. A percepção de variáveis do ambiente esteve associada à AFMV, à prática de caminhada e ao transporte ativo.

Abstract The article aimed to verify the association between physical activity (PA) and perceived environment among adults from a city in southern Brazil. This is a population-based cross-sectional study with 820 adults living in the city of Criciúma-SC. Perceived environment was assessed using the Neighborhood Environmental Walkability scale and PA in the leisure and transportation domains using the long version of the International PA Questionnaire. It was observed that the neighborhood with public spaces for the practice of physical exercises and dog walking was associated with higher prevalence of compliance with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines. The fact of having an invitation from friends and/or relatives for PA, sporting events and the habit of dog walking were associated with leisure-time walking. Access to places for the purchase of fresh fruits/ vegetables, light/diet foods, to have sidewalks in most streets, to have pedestrian crossings and sporting events in the neighborhood were associated with higher prevalence of active transportation. Conversely, places for snacks or fast food in the neighborhood were associated with lower prevalence of active transportation. The perception of environmental variables was associated with MVPA, walking and active transportation.

Resumo O objetivo foi verificar a associação entre a prática de atividade física (AF) e a percepção do ambiente em adultos de uma cidade do Sul do Brasil. Estudo transversal de base populacional com 820 adultos, residentes na cidade de Criciúma-SC. A percepção do ambiente foi avaliada pela escala Neighborhood Environmental Walkability, e a AF no domínio do lazer e transporte ativo pela versão longa do Questionário Internacional de AF. Observou-se que o bairro com lugar público para a prática de exercícios físicos e o fato de passear com o cachorro estiveram associados a maiores prevalências de atendimento às recomendações de AF moderada à vigorosa (AFMV). O fato de ter convite de amigos e/ou parentes para AF, a realização de eventos esportivos e o hábito de passear com o cachorro estiveram associados à caminhada no lazer. O acesso a locais para aquisição de frutas/legumes frescos, alimentos light/diet, ter calçadas na maioria das ruas, ter faixas de segurança e ter eventos esportivos no bairro estiveram associados a maiores prevalências de deslocamento ativo. De forma contrária, lugares para lanches ou fast-food no bairro se associaram a menor prevalência de deslocamento ativo. A percepção de variáveis do ambiente esteve associada à AFMV, à prática de caminhada e ao transporte ativo.

Abstract The article aimed to verify the association between physical activity (PA) and perceived environment among adults from a city in southern Brazil. This is a population-based cross-sectional study with 820 adults living in the city of Criciúma-SC. Perceived environment was assessed using the Neighborhood Environmental Walkability scale and PA in the leisure and transportation domains using the long version of the International PA Questionnaire. It was observed that the neighborhood with public spaces for the practice of physical exercises and dog walking was associated with higher prevalence of compliance with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines. The fact of having an invitation from friends and/or relatives for PA, sporting events and the habit of dog walking were associated with leisure-time walking. Access to places for the purchase of fresh fruits/ vegetables, light/diet foods, to have sidewalks in most streets, to have pedestrian crossings and sporting events in the neighborhood were associated with higher prevalence of active transportation. Conversely, places for snacks or fast food in the neighborhood were associated with lower prevalence of active transportation. The perception of environmental variables was associated with MVPA, walking and active transportation.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a eficácia antihelmíntica de sementes de Cucurbita maxima e Carica papaya no controle de monogenéticos das brânquias de Leporinus macrocephalus, além do índice hepatossomático e esplenossomático e do fator de condição do hospedeiro. Os peixes foram alimentados com sementes de C. maxima ou C. papaya durante sete dias, e os tratamentos não causaram mortalidade. Monogenéticos Jainus leporini, Urocleidoides paradoxus, Urocleidoides eremitus e Tereancistrum parvus tiveram prevalência de 100% nos peixes alimentados com sementes de C. papaya, enquanto nos peixes alimentados com C. maxima a prevalência foi de 42,8%. Os peixes alimentados com sementes de C. papaya apresentaram diminuição na intensidade média e abundância média de monogenéticos, enquanto os peixes alimentados com sementes de C. maxima apresentaram uma diminuição na abundância média. A alimentação de L. macrocephalus com sementes de C. maxima ou C. papaya teve eficácia de 69,6 e 67,8%, respectivamente. O índice hepatossomático dos peixes alimentados com sementes de C. maxima ou C. papaya não foi afetada pelos tratamentos. No entanto, o índice esplenossomático e o fator de condição dos peixes alimentados com sementes de C. maxima diminuíram. Sementes de C. maxima e C. papaya podem ser usadas no controle de monogenéticos das brânquias de L. macrocephalus em piscicultura.

Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the anthelminthic efficacy of seeds of Cucurbita maxima and Carica papaya for controlling monogeneans in the gills of Leporinus macrocephalus, besides hepatosomatic and splenosomatic index and condition factor of host. The fish were fed with seeds of C. maxima or C. papaya for seven days, and these treatments did not cause any mortality among them. Jainus leporini, Urocleidoides paradoxus, Urocleidoides eremitus and Tereancistrum parvus were the monogeneans found, and their prevalence in fish fed with seeds of C. papaya was 100%, while in fish fed with C. maxima the prevalence was 42.8%. Fish fed with seeds of C. papaya showed decreased in intensity and abundance of monogeneans, while fish fed with seeds of C. maxima presented decreased in abundance. Feeding of L. macrocephalus with seeds of C. maxima or C. papaya had efficacy of 69.6 and 67.8%, respectively. The hepatosomatic index of fish fed with seeds of C. maxima or C. papaya was not affected by the treatments. However, the splenosomatic index and condition factor of fish fed with C. maxima seeds decreased. Seeds of C. maxima and C. papaya may be used for controlling monogeneans of L. macrocephalus in fish farming.

Resumo Infestações por monogenéticos podem causar alta mortalidade entre os peixes cultivados e, portanto, perdas econômicas significativas. O presente estudo investigou a eficácia do albendazol em banhos terapêuticos contra monogenéticos de Piaractus brachypomus Cuvier, 1818 e Megaleporinus macrocephalus (Garavello & Britski, 1988). Para ambos os peixes, um banho terapêutico de 24 horas com concentrações de albendazol de 150, 300 e 500 mg/L, foi testado contra monogenéticos nas brânquias. Os banhos tiveram eficácia 61,4 ± 32,9 (IC95%=64,5) contra monogenéticos de P. brachypomus, e de 95,4 ± 5.6 (IC95%=10.9) contra monogenéticos de M. macrocephalus. Em P. brachypomus, o índice hepatossomático (IHS) em peixes expostos a 150 mg/L de albendazol foi maior do que em peixes expostos a 300 mg/L. Os valores do índice esplenossomático (IES) em peixes expostos a 150 mg/L de albendazol foram menores do que em peixes expostos a 300 mg/L. Em M. macrocephalus, os valores de IHS e IES diminuíram nos tratamentos com 150, 300 e 500 mg/L de albendazol, para controlar e tratar infestações por monogenéticos. Para M. macrocephalus, 150 mg/L de albendazol pode ser usado para controlar e tratar infestações por monogenéticos, enquanto para P. brachypomus, 500 mg/L de albendazol pode ser usado em um banho de 24 horas.

Abstract Monogenean infestations can cause high mortality in farmed fish and therefore significant economic losses. The present study investigated the efficacy of albendazole in therapeutic baths against monogeneans of Piaractus brachypomus Cuvier, 1818 and Megaleporinus macrocephalus (Garavello & Britski, 1988). For both fish, a 24 hours therapeutic bath with albendazole concentrations of 150, 300 and 500 mg/L were tested against monogeneans from the gills. The baths had an efficacy from 61.4 ± 32.9 (95%CI=64.5) against monogeneans of P. brachypomus, and from 95.4 ± 5.6 (95%CI=10.9) against monogeneans of M. macrocephalus. In P. brachypomus, the hepatosomatic index (HSI) in fish exposed to 150 mg/L of albendazole was higher than in fish exposed to 300 mg/L. The splenosomatic index (SSI) values in fish exposed to 150 mg/L of albendazole were lower than in fish exposed to 300 mg/L. In M. macrocephalus, the HSI and SSI values decreased in treatments with 150, 300 and 500 mg/L of albendazole to control and treat infestations by monogeneans. For M. macrocephalus, 150 mg/L of albendazole can be used to control and treat infestations by monogeneans, while for P. brachypomus 500 mg/L of albendazole can be used in a 24 hours bath.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar as propriedades de medida da versão brasileira do Quality of Care Through the Patient’s Eyes - HIV (QUOTE-HIV). Método: estudo metodológico que consistiu na verificação e avaliação da validade de construto convergente e estrutural e na estimativa da confiabilidade de instrumento traduzido e adaptado culturalmente. Foi realizado em um centro de referência para HIV/AIDS no período de agosto a novembro de 2016 e contou com a participação de 141 sujeitos. Para avaliar a validade de construto estrutural, aplicou-se análise fatorial confirmatória. Para estimar a confiabilidade, foi avaliada a consistência interna de cada domínio do instrumento por meio do Alpha de Cronbach e da confiabilidade composta. A validade de construto convergente foi verificada por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: como o instrumento QUOTE-HIV está estruturado em duas partes, importância e desempenho, foram gerados dois modelos ao final da análise fatorial, um para cada parte, ambos validados estatisticamente. Em ambas as partes foram observados valores de confiabilidade satisfatórios. Em relação à validade convergente, foram observadas correlações positivas significativas entre os escores dos domínios do QUOTE-HIV e o escore total do Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales (NSNS), exceto para o domínio desempenho do profissional no componente importância. Conclusão: a versão brasileira do QUOTE-HIV apresentou evidências de confiabilidade, com adequada consistência interna e validade, de acordo com os métodos de validade de construto convergente e estrutural empregados.

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of Quality of Care Through the Patient’s Eyes - HIV (QUOTE-HIV). Method: this methodological study consisted of verifying and assessing convergent and structural validity and estimating the reliability of the instrument’s translated and culturally adapted version. It was conducted in an HIV/AIDS referral center between August and November 2016 and included 141 participants. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess structural construct validity, while Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability were performed to assess the internal consistency of each domain and estimate the instrument’s reliability. Convergent construct validity was verified using Spearman’s coefficient correlation. Results: QUOTE-HIV is structured on two components, Importance and Performance; hence, two models were generated at the end of the factor analysis, one for each component. Both models were statistically validated and presented satisfactory reliability parameters. Regarding convergent validity, positive and significant correlations were found between the scores obtained by the QUOTE-HIV domains and the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales (NSNS), except for the performance domain in the importance component. Conclusion: QUOTE-HIV Brazilian version presented evidence of reliability, adequate internal consistency, and validity according to the convergent and structural construct validity methods adopted.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar las propiedades de medida de la versión brasileña del Quality of Care Through the Patient’s Eyes - HIV (QUOTE-HIV). Método: estudio metodológico que consistió en la verificación y evaluación de la validez de constructo convergente y estructural y en la estimativa de la confiabilidad del instrumento traducido y adaptado culturalmente. Fue realizado en un centro de referencia para HIV/SIDA en el período de agosto a noviembre de 2016 y contó con la participación de 141 sujetos. Para evaluar la validez de constructo estructural, se aplicó análisis factorial confirmatorio. Para estimar la confiabilidad, fue evaluada la consistencia interna de cada dominio del instrumento por medio del Alpha de Cronbach y de la confiabilidad compuesta. La validez de constructo convergente fue verificada por medio del coeficiente de correlación de Spearman. Resultados: como el instrumento QUOTE-HIV está estructurado en dos partes, importancia y desempeño, fueron generados dos modelos al final del análisis factorial, un para cada parte, ambos validados estadísticamente. En las dos partes fueron observados valores de confiabilidad satisfactorios. En relación a la validez convergente, fueron observadas correlaciones positivas significativas entre los puntajes de los dominios del QUOTE-HIV y el puntaje total del Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales (NSNS), excepto para el dominio desempeño del profesional en el componente importancia. Conclusión: la versión brasileña del QUOTE-HIV presentó evidencias de confiabilidad, con adecuada consistencia interna y validez, de acuerdo con los métodos de validez de constructo convergente y estructural empleados.

Resumen: El principal objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la estructura factorial y la invarianza de género de la Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, HADS) en una muestra no clínica de 657 adolescentes (M edad = 16.3; DE = 1.19). El diseño de pesquisa fue una investigación instrumental, basada en una encuesta transversal con una muestra de adolescentes en Brasil. Los resultados mostraron evidencias satisfactorias de la validez de la estructura factorial y de la invarianza de género para este público. La confiabilidad compuesta también fue satisfactoria, así como no se detectaron problemas relacionados con el sesgo del método común. La media de la varianza explicada de los ítems fue de .31 (31 %), con un alfa de Cronbach de .84 para la escala total, .81 y .69 para las subescalas de ansiedad y depresión, respectivamente. En la discusión, se analizan preguntas relacionadas con la varianza promedio extraída de la escala, que resultó debajo de las expectativas iniciales. Se concluye que los hallazgos actuales brindan evidencias de validez a la aplicación de la HADS con adolescentes brasileños, sea con fines clínicos o de investigación científica.

Abstract: The main objective of this study was to test the factorial structure and gender invariance of the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) in a non-clinical sample of 657 adolescents (Mage = 16.3 years; SD = 1.19). The research design was an instrumental investigation, based on a cross-sectional survey with a sample of adolescents in Brazil. The results presented satisfactory evidence of the validity of the factorial structure and gender invariance for the sample. The composite reliability was also satisfactory, and no problems were detected related to common method bias. The mean of the items explained variance was .31 (31 %), with a Cronbach’s Alpha at .84 for the total scale, .81 and .69 for the anxiety and depression subscales, respectively. In the discussion, we analyzed questions related to the average variance extracted of the scale, which was lower than expected. Thus, we conclude that the current findings provide validity evidence to the application of the HADS with Brazilian adolescents for clinical or research purposes.

Resumo: O principal objetivo deste estudo foi testar a estrutura fatorial e invariância de gênero da Escala de Ansiedade e Depressão Hospitalar (Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, HADS) em uma amostra não-clínica de 657 adolescentes (Midade =16,3; DP = 1,19). O desenho da pesquisa foi instrumental, baseado em um levantamento transversal com uma amostra de adolescentes no Brasil. Os resultados apontaram evidências satisfatórias de validade da estrutura fatorial e de invariância de gênero para esse público. A Confiabilidade Composta também se mostrou satisfatória, bem como não foram detectados problemas relativos ao Viés do Método Comum. A média da variância explicada dos itens foi de 0,31, com um alfa de Cronbach de 0,84 para a escala total, 0,81 e 0,69 para as subescalas de ansiedade e depressão, respectivamente. Na discussão, foram analisadas questões relativas à Variância Média Extraída da escala, que se revelou abaixo do esperado. Concluiu-se que os achados trazem evidências de validade para a utilização da HADS junto a adolescentes brasileiros, seja com finalidade clínica ou investigação científica.

Resumo As mães de crianças com Síndrome da Zika Congênita (SZC) enfrentam desafios excepcionais no cuidado com seus filhos. Mediante essa realidade, a disponibilidade de suporte social pode funcionar como um importante fator de proteção. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o papel do suporte social informal e formal na saúde mental, autoeficácia parental e satisfação com a vida de mães de crianças com SZC. Participaram desse estudo 69 mães de crianças com SZC (M = 26,4 anos; DP = 6,23), residentes no estado do Ceará, Brasil. Elas responderam a Escala de Satisfação com o Suporte Social, Questionário de Saúde Geral, Escala de Autoeficácia Parental e Escala de Satisfação com a Vida. Os resultados apontam que a maior percepção de suporte social informal prediz significativamente melhores níveis de saúde mental e satisfação com a vida. Ademais, o acesso ao suporte social formal prediz significativamente uma maior percepção de autoeficácia parental. Os resultados observados com as mães de crianças com SZC são coerentes com os relatados em outros estudos, apontando que o suporte social formal e informal apresentam efeitos distintos na saúde mental, autoeficácia parental e satisfação com a vida, cabendo observar que esses efeitos ocorreram mesmo controlando o efeito de variáveis sociodemográficas.

Abstract Mothers of children with CZS face exceptional challenges caring for their offspring. Due to this reality, the availability of social support can function as an important protective factor. In this respect, this study aimed to evaluate the role of informal and formal social support in mental health, parental self-efficacy and satisfaction in the life of mothers of children with CZS. A total of 69 mothers of children with CZS (M = 26.4 years; SD = 6.23) living in the state of Ceará, Brazil participated in this study. They filled out the Social Support Satisfaction Scale, General Health Questionnaire, Parental Self-efficacy Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results show that the greater perception of informal social support significantly enables better mental health and satisfaction with life levels. In addition, access to formal social support significantly enables enhanced perception of parental self-efficacy. The results observed with the mothers of children with CZS are consistent with those reported in other studies with mothers of children with chronic conditions, pointing out that formal and informal social support have different effects on mental health, parental self-efficacy, and satisfaction with life, even controlling the effect of sociodemographic variables.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Low bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) have been identified in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and adolescents. The direct adverse effects of HIV infection and combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) negatively contribute to bone metabolism. A direct relationship between muscle strength levels and BMD in HIV-infected adults and older adults has been described. However, it is unknown whether handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with bone mass in pediatric populations diagnosed with HIV. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain whether HGS levels are associated with BMC and BMD in HIV-infected children and adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted in Florianãpolis, Brazil, in 2016. METHODS: The subjects were 65 children and adolescents (8-15 years) diagnosed with vertically-transmitted HIV. Subtotal and lumbar-spine BMC and BMD were obtained via dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). HGS was measured using manual dynamometers. The covariates of sex, ART, CD4+ T lymphocytes and viral load were obtained through questionnaires and medical records. Sexual maturation was self-reported and physical activity was measured using accelerometers. Simple and multiple linear regression were used, with P < 0.05. RESULTS: HGS was directly associated with subtotal BMD (β = 0.002; R² = 0.670; P < 0.001), subtotal BMC (β = 0.090; R² = 0.734; P = 0.005) and lumbar-spine BMC (β = 1.004; R² = 0.656; P = 0.010) in the adjusted analyses. However, no significant association was found between HGS and lumbar-spine BMD (β = 0.001; R² = 0.464; P = 0.299). CONCLUSION: HGS was directly associated with BMD and BMC in HIV-infected children and adolescents.

Resumo Fundamento O aumento significativo de doenças cardiovasculares em países em desenvolvimento alerta sobre seu impacto em populações carentes. Objetivo Identificar a relação de agrupamentos de componentes da síndrome metabólica (SM) com aterosclerose e inflamação crônica em adultos e idosos. Métodos Análise transversal usando dados de dois estudos populacionais de tipo coorte realizados em Florianópolis, sul do Brasil (EpiFloripa Adult Cohort Study, n = 862, 39,9±11,5 anos; EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study, n = 1197, 69,7±7,1 anos). Pressão arterial (PA), circunferência da cintura (CC), e níveis plasmáticos de lipídio e glicose foram analisados como fatores individuais ou como agrupamentos de componentes da SM (como número de componentes presentes em um indivíduo ou como combinações). Os desfechos incluíram espessura intima-media carotídea (EIMC), placas ateroscleróticas, e níveis de proteína C reativa (CRP). Regressão linear múltipla e regressão logística, ajustadas quanto aos fatores de confusão, foram usadas para análise. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados Indivíduos com PA e CC elevadas, dislipidemia e hiperglicemia (61,5%) apresentaram maiores valores de EIMC e PCR que aqueles que não apresentaram componentes de SM. CC elevada foi um determinante comum de inflamação sistêmica, ao passo que a coexistência de PA elevada e CC elevada (agrupamentos de dois ou três fatores) associou-se com maior EIMC (β entre +3,2 e +6,1 x 10-2 mm; p < 0,05) e PCR (EXPβ entre 2,18 e 2,77; p < 0,05). Conclusão A coexistência de PA e CC elevadas associou-se com maiores valores de EIMC e níveis de PCR. A obesidade central, isolada ou em combinação com outros fatores de risco, teve efeito sobre a inflamação sistêmica.

Abstract Background The significant increase in cardiovascular diseases in developing countries alerts about their impact on underprivileged populations. Objective To identify the relationship of clusters of metabolic syndrome (MS) components with atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation among adults and elderly. Methods Cross-sectional analysis using data from two population-based cohort studies in Florianópolis, Southern Brazil (EpiFloripa Adult Cohort Study, n = 862, 39.9±11.5 years; EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study, n = 1197, 69.7±7.1 years). Blood pressure (BP), waist circumference (WC), and lipid and glucose levels were analyzed as individual factors or as clusters (either as the number of components present in an individual or as combinations of components). Outcomes included carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), atherosclerotic plaques, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for confounding factors were used. The statistical significance adopted was 5%. Results Individuals with high BP, elevated WC, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia (6.1% of the sample) showed higher IMT and CRP than those negatives for all MetS components. Elevated WC was a common determinant of systemic inflammation, while the coexistence of high BP and elevated WC (clusters of two or three factors) was associated with higher IMT (β between +3.2 and +6.1 x 10-2 mm; p value < 0.05) and CRP (EXPβ between 2.18 and 2.77; p value < 0.05). Conclusion The coexistence of high BP and elevated WC was associated with increased IMT and CRP levels, but central obesity affected systemic inflammation either alone or in combination with other risk factors.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with professional recommendation and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in Brazilian individuals diagnosed with hypertension (HBP), diabetes, and/or hypercholesterolemia. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional population-based study with a representative sample of the Brazilian population (aged ≥20 years) in 2013, with self-reported HBP (n=11.098), diabetes (n=3.176), and/or hypercholesterolemia (n=7.252). Prevalence and gross odds ratios were estimated and adjusted for both outcomes. RESULTS: Professional recommendation and LTPA were more prevalent in individuals who received recommendation and presented with hypercholesterolemia (85.9 and 23.4%, respectively). Adjusted analysis showed an association in people 40 to 59 years of age and public programs in most diseases. Higher educational level was associated with receiving recommendations in all non-communicable diseases (NCDs). LTPA was associated in people 40 to 59 years of age for HBP and diabetes and in all investigated NCDs, higher educational level, positive perception of health, and a favorable environment in those who received recommendation. CONCLUSIONS: Education presented the greatest magnitude in the associations, clearly showing the need for equitable methods to increase recommendation and LTPA levels for the most vulnerable population. Further studies analyzing other variables and NCD are needed, corroborating the Ministry of Health.

Resumo Objetivos: analisar a letalidade e características clínicas em mulheres pernambucanas portadoras de neoplasia que apresentaram infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: estudo de corte transversal, retrospectivo com pacientes do sexo feminino, portadoras de neoplasias no estado de Pernambuco com registros disponibilizados pela Secretaria de Planejamento e Gestão do Estado de Pernambuco. Analisou-se dados secundários de notificações de domínio público e os fatores independentes associados ao óbito através de regressão logística. Foi considerado significativo o valor de p<0,25 na análise bivariada e para a análise multivariada foi considerado significativo o valor de p<0,05. Resultados: quarenta e nove mulheres vieram a óbito. A média da idade e desvio padrão foram 58, 75 ± 20,93 anos. 55,86% das pacientes tinham 60 anos ou mais. A taxa de letalidade global foi de 72,06% (IC95%= 59,8 - 82,2). Os sintomas mais prevalentes foram febre (70,59%), tosse (58,82%), dispneia (57,35%) e saturação de O2 <95% (48,53%). Conclusão: pacientes do sexo feminino, com câncer e infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2 são particularmente suscetíveis a óbito, independentemente da presença de comorbidades ou da idade, sendo a saturação periférica de O2 <95% o único fator independente associado ao óbito nesse grupo.

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the lethality and clinical characteristics in Pernambuco women with neoplasia that were infected by SARS-CoV-2. Methods: a cross-sectional, retrospective study with female patients with neoplasm sin the state of Pernambuco registered and made available by the Secretariat of Planning and Management of the State of Pernambuco (SEPLAG PE). Secondary data from public domain notifications and the independent factors associated with death were analyzed through logistic regression. The value ofp<0.25 was considered significant in the bivariate analysis and for a multivariate analysis, the value ofp<0.05 was considered significant. Results: forty-nine women died. The mean age and standard deviation were 58.75 ± 20.93 years. 55.86% of the patients were 60 years old or more. The overall lethality rate was 72.06% (CI95%=59.8 - 82.2). The most prevalent symptoms were fever (70.59%), cough (58.82%), dyspnea (57.35%) and O2 saturation less than 95% (48.53%). Conclusions: female patients, with cancer and infected by SARS-CoV-2 are particularly susceptible to death, regardless of the presence of comorbidities or age, with peripheral O2 saturation <95% being the only independent factor associated with death in this group.

Resumo O artigo buscou avaliar o papel mediador da autoeficácia parental (AEP) entre os fatores socioambientais e a saúde mental das mães de crianças com síndrome da Zika congênita (SZC). Os fatores socioambientais foram operacionalizados a partir da avaliação cognitiva e afetiva que as pessoas fazem do seu contexto (Bem-estar subjetivo, BES) e da fadiga. Participaram deste estudo 69 mães de crianças com SZC, com média de idade de 26,4 anos, residentes no estado do Ceará. Foi aplicado um questionário contendo as seguintes escalas: Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos, Escala de Satisfação com a Vida, Escala de Avaliação da Fadiga, Questionário de Saúde Geral, Escala de Autoeficácia Parental. Os resultados apontaram que os componentes do BES, afetos negativos e satisfação com a vida, predisseram de forma significativa a saúde mental de mães de crianças com SZC, ademais a AEP prediz melhores níveis de saúde mental. Foi observado que a AEP desempenha um papel mediador na relação da satisfação com a vida, dos afetos negativos e da fadiga com a saúde mental. A AEP é um importante mecanismo psicológico que atua como mediador entre o seu contexto socioambiental e sua saúde mental. Dessa forma, estratégias de intervenções voltadas para aumentar os sentimentos de AEP em mães poderão ter um impacto positivo na melhora da sua saúde mental.

Abstract The article aimed to evaluate the mediating role of parental self-efficacy (PSE) between socioenvironmental factors and the mental health of the mothers of children with congenital zika syndrome (CZS). The socio-environmental factors were based on the cognitive and affective evaluation that people make of their context (subjective well-being, SWB) and fatigue. Sixty-six mothers with a mean age of 26.4 years of children with CZS in the state of Ceará, participated in this study. A questionnaire with the following scales was applied: Positive and Negative Affect Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, Fatigue Evaluation Scale, General Health Questionnaire, Parental Self-efficacy Scale. The results indicated that the components of SWB, negative affects and life satisfaction, significantly predicted the mental health of mothers of children with CZS, and the PSE predicts better levels of mental health. It was observed that the PSE plays a mediating role in the relationship of satisfaction with life, negative effects and fatigue with mental health. PSE is an important psychological mechanism that acts as a mediator between the socio-environmental context and mental health. Thus, intervention strategies aimed at increasing the feelings of PSE in mothers can have a positive impact on the improvement of their mental health.

ABSTRACT Interspecific competitions are important mechanisms in structuring ecological communities, including agroecosystems, in which different species may share the same food resource. In melons, two major pests coexist in time and space, Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (Diptera: Agromyzidae) and Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). The former feeds on the leaf mesophyll, while the latter on the phloem sap. Therefore, the same niche exploitation can trigger interactive processes between both populations. The present research aimed to determine if there are positive or negative interactions between whiteflies and leafminers under field conditions. The experiment was conducted in four commercial melon fields in northeast Brazil in two planting seasons. Thirty random plants were weekly selected for detection of whitefly nymphs and leafminer larvae throughout the entire crop cycle. The data was organized and analyzed considering the species abundance of L. sativae (larvae) and B. tabaci (nymphs and adults) in the same plant. Thus, the coabundance of species was investigated by using regressions with Poisson errors. The results suggest different fractions of negative, positive and neutral (not significant relationships) coabundance between the two species. Among 34 significant interactions, 56% were negative, suggesting that more than half of significant interactions are due to interspecific competition with negative coabundance.