The demand for new advanced high strength steels (AHSS) has been increasing in the last few decades. A large part of this demand comes from automotive companies. We have produced a new complex-phase (CP) steel with 1200 MPa of mechanical resistance and 8% of elongation, called CP1200. In this paper the dilatometric and microstructural characterization of a newly produced CP1200 steel is presented. The new steel was produced by making changes to the heat treatment of the already industrially available CP1100. The microstructure was quantified using light optical microscopy (LOM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The microstructure of both steels was compared to identify the origin of the mechanical properties improvement. A new microstructure distribution, with higher amount of bainite and smaller concentration of ferrite and martensite was identified.

Abstract ‘BRMGS Camaleão’ is a mungbean cultivar with large, shiny, green seeds released for the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It was developed by the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center as line VC 6148-B-16. In seven trials established in the Zona da Mata region, it had an average yield of 1493 kg ha-1 and 1000-seed weight of 68-78 g.

Abstract Paper aims Propose a continuous decision support system, a Digital Twin, integrating two widely used techniques, Discrete Event Simulation and forecasting methods. Originality With the evolution of the industry, there is a growing need for increasingly agile and assertive decision support systems. Also, familiar tools and techniques tend to change over time to suit such a scenario, supporting new researches on their use in the modern industry. Research method The proposed method allows the use of simulation, with the aid of forecasting methods, for continuous decision making, composing the so-called Digital Twin. The method was applied in a real process to validate it. Main findings The Moving Average, Single Exponential Smoothing, and Double Exponential Smoothing forecasting methods were used to supply the simulation model in order to test scenarios and guide decision making. The developed system enabled a virtual copy with a certain degree of intelligence and that provides answers to make the constant decision-making process more efficient. Implications for theory and practice The proposed method can be used for several operational problems like headcount, production planning and covers different levels of decision. Therefore, it can be used both on the shop floor and at managerial levels.

ABSTRACT. The Discussion is the hardest section of a scientific article to write, as cognitive skills must be used to properly contextualize the findings of a study. In this article, we guide scientific writers, particularly unexperienced ones, on how to structure a Discussion section based on an article by Docherty and Smith (1999). According to these authors, a discussion should be prepared by organizing information in the following order: (a) statement of principal findings; (b) strengths and weaknesses of the study; (c) strengths and weaknesses in relation to other studies, discussing particularly any differences in results; (d) meaning of the study: possible mechanisms and implications; and (e) unanswered questions and future research. Each component of this sequence is discussed in detail with examples drawn from the literature.

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os resultados da primeira experiência realizada utilizando o conceito de sala de aula invertida (ou flipped classroom) na disciplina de Cálculo Diferencial e Integral I, em cursos de Engenharia do ITA (Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica). A sala de aula invertida é caracterizada, de acordo com Valente (2014), como uma forma de e-learning, em que os conteúdos e as instruções são estudados de maneira on-line antes da aula presencial, onde se realizam atividades práticas como resolução de problemas e projetos, discussão em grupo, dentre outros. Este trabalho aponta as potencialidades, alguns dos problemas enfrentados e a opinião dos alunos em relação à metodologia. Mostra também que, independente das dificuldades enfrentadas no decorrer da experiência, existe a necessidade de atitudes inovadoras em relação ao ensino de Cálculo nos Cursos Superiores.

Abstract This paper aims to present the results of a first-time experiment conducted using the concept of inverted classroom (or flipped classroom) in the discipline of Differential and Integral Calculus I, in Engineering courses at ITA (Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica). The flipped classroom is characterized, according to Valente (2014), as a form of e-learning, in which the contents and instructions are studied online way before class time class, where practical activities will be carried out, such as problem solving and projects, group discussion, among others. This study highlights the potential, some of the problems faced, and the opinions of students in the methodology. This also shows that, regardless of the difficulties faced during the experience, there is a need for innovative approaches regarding Calculus teaching in higher education.

RESUMO O objetivo desse estudo é avaliar a eficácia da terapia por pressão negativa (TPN) no tratamento de feridas complexas, com ênfase em seus mecanismos de ação e principais indicações terapêuticas. Foi realizada revisão na base de dados Pubmed / Medline, em artigos publicados de 1997 a 2016, e selecionados os mais relevantes. O mecanismo de ação da TPN envolve efeitos físicos, como o aumento da perfusão, controle do edema e do exsudato, redução das dimensões da ferida e depuração bacteriana, e biológicos, como o estímulo à formação de tecido de granulação, microdeformações e redução da resposta inflamatória local. As principais indicações da TPN são as feridas complexas como úlceras por pressão, feridas traumáticas, deiscências de ferida operatória, queimaduras, feridas necrotizantes, úlceras venosas, feridas diabéticas, os enxertos de pele, o abdome aberto, na prevenção de complicações em incisões fechadas e na associação com instilação de soluções em feridas infectadas.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of negative pressure therapy (NPT) in the treatment of complex wounds, with emphasis on its mechanisms of action and main therapeutic indications. We searched the Pubmed / Medline database for articles published from 1997 to 2016, and selected the most relevant ones. The mechanisms of action of NPT involveboth physical effects, such as increased perfusion, control of edema and exudate, reduction of wound dimensions and bacterial clearance, and biological ones, such as the stimulation of granulation tissue formation, microdeformations and reduction of Inflammatory response. The main indications of NPT are complex wounds, such as pressure ulcers, traumatic wounds, operative wound dehiscences, burns, necrotizing wounds, venous ulcers, diabetic wounds, skin grafts, open abdomen, prevention of complications in closed incisions and in the association with instillation of solutions in infected wounds.

RESUMO Este trabalho compara as propriedades de diversos óxidos transparentes condutores para serem utilizados como contatos frontais de células solares de filmes finos de CdTe. Os filmes foram depositados à temperatura ambiente, por pulverização catódica com rádio frequência, sem tratamento térmico posterior, com o objetivo de reduzir o número de etapas do processo de fabricação. A relação resistência/transmitância foi avaliada através de uma figura de mérito, de forma a propor os materiais candidatos a atuar como eletrodo frontal da célula solar. Os óxidos investigados foram divididos em dois grupos: os de baixa resistividade e os de alta resistividade. Eletrodos fabricados com os diversos óxidos foram submetidos a testes de estabilidade térmica nas temperaturas de processamento da célula solar. Os resultados mostraram que os filmes de ZnO e Zn2SnO4 são óxidos de alta resistividade (> 0,5 (.cm), enquanto que os de SnO2, In2O3, In2O3:Sn, Cd2SnO4 e ZnO:Al são de baixa resistividade (< 5,0 x 10-3 (.cm) e alta transmitância (> 85%). Os filmes de In2O3:Sn e ZnO:Al apresentaram-se como as melhores opções para fabricação dos eletrodos, pois possuem resistividades na faixa de 10-3-10-4 (.cm e transmitâncias entre 85-92%. No entanto, levando-se em consideração questões de custo e escassez associadas ao índio, filmes de ZnO:Al são os mais adequados para esta aplicação, pois além de possuírem valores de condutividade e transmitância elevados, apresentaram elevada estabilidade térmica nas temperaturas de processamento da célula.

ABSTRACT This work compares the properties of different transparent conducting oxides for use as frontal contact in CdTe thin films solar cells. The films were deposited at room temperature by radio frequency sputtering without heat treatment, in order to reduce the manufacturing process steps. The resistance/transmittance relation was evaluated using a figure of merit, in order to propose the best material to act as front electrode of the solar cell. The oxides investigated in this work were separated into two groups: low-resistivity and high-resistivity oxides. Electrodes were prepared with these oxides and were subjected to thermal stability tests at the elevated temperatures involved in the solar cell processing. The results showed that ZnO and Zn2SnO4 films are high-resistivity oxides (> 0,5 (.cm), while SnO2, In2O3, In2O3:Sn, Cd2SnO4, and ZnO:Al are low-resistivity (< 5,0 x 10-3 (.cm) and high transmittance (> 85%) oxides. The In2O3:Sn and ZnO:Al films were the best options for the production of the electrodes, as their resistivity and transmittance values ranged from 10-3-10-4 (.cm and 85-92%, respectively. However, taking into consideration the cost and shortage issues, ZnO:Al films are the suitable choice for this application, because in addition to having high values of conductivity and transmittance, they have demonstrated thermal stability at elevated temperatures.

RESUMO A energia solar fotovoltaica é atualmente um mercado consolidado. Entre 2010-2016, a taxa de crescimento global de instalações fotovoltaicas foi de 40%, um crescimento dificilmente alcançado por outros segmentos da indústria tecnológica. Células solares de silício responderam por 94% do mercado em 2016, enquanto a parcela referente aos filmes finos foi de 6%. Um dos materiais empregados no segmento fotovoltaico de filmes finos é o disseleneto de cobre índio e gálio (CIGS). Este trabalho apresenta os primeiros resultados de um programa colaborativo entre o Instituto Militar de Engenharia e o Florida Solar Energy Center, que visa à fabricação de células fotovoltaicas de CIGS. Os dispositivos com a configuração vidro/Mo/CIGS/CdS/ZnO/ZnO:Al/metal foram fabricados no Florida Solar Energy Center e caracterizados no Instituto Militar de Engenharia, a partir das medidas de resposta espectral e dos parâmetros fotovoltaicos extraídos das curvas corrente-tensão. A maior eficiência alcançada foi 3,8%. Os resultados mostraram que a eficiência foi basicamente limitada pelo fator de forma e pela tensão de circuito aberto. Resistências em série e paralelo foram responsáveis pelo baixo valor de FF, enquanto que a ausência do tratamento pós-deposição na presença de metais alcalinos e a quantidade de gálio insuficiente foi responsável pelo baixo Voc. Os resultados também sugerem variações na espessura da camada de CdS, causadas provavelmente pela agitação excessiva da solução precursora durante a deposição por banho químico.

ABSTRACT Photovoltaic solar energy is presently a consolidated market. The annual growth rate of global photovoltaic installations was 40% in 2010-2016, a milestone hardly achieved by any other segment of the technology industry. Silicon based technology accounted for 94% of the total production in 2016, while the market share of thin film technology was 6%. One of the materials used in the thin film photovoltaic market is copper indium gallium di-selenide (CIGS). This work presents the preliminary results of a collaborative program between Florida Solar Energy Center and Instituto Militar de Engenharia aiming the fabrication and characterization of CIGS thin film solar cells. The solar devices were fabricated at Florida Solar Energy Center with the configuration glass/Mo/CIGS/CdS/ZnO/ZnO:Al/metal and were characterized at Instituto Militar de Engenharia from the current x voltage and quantum efficiencies curves. The highest efficiency was 3.8%. The results showed that the efficiency was limited by the low values of fill factor and open circuit voltage. Parallel and series resistances limited the fill factor. The lack of the alkali post treatment and the low quantity of gallium in the CIGS film limited the open circuit voltage. The results also suggest that the thickness of the cadmium sulfide layer is nonuniform, probably due to the swirling occasioned by excessively stirring of the precursor solution during the chemical bath deposition.

RESUMO. Avaliamos os efeitos de parcelamentos da aplicação de molibdênio (Mo) na fase reprodutiva do feijão-comum no conteúdo de Mo na semente (CMoS) e na sua qualidade fisiológica em dois ensaios na Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais. Pulverizaram-se feijoeiros com 100 ou 600 g Mo ha-1 na fase V4. Esta última dose também foi parcelada: 100(V4)+500(R5), 100(V4)+500(R7), 100(V4)+250(R5)+250(R7) e 100(V4)+150(R5)+350(R7). O CMoS de plantas pulverizadas com 600 g (cinco tratamentos) foi 3,7 ou 62 vezes maior que o das pulverizadas com 100 g; sementes deste tratamento apresentaram qualidade ligeiramente melhor que as daqueles. Aplicação de 100 g em V4 + 500 g na fase reprodutiva (quatro tratamentos) aumentou 1,6 ou 2,7 vezes o CMoS comparativamente ao CMoS de plantas adubadas com 600 g em V4. Parcelamento de 500 g em duas pulverizações aumentou em 11% (p = 0,257) ou 16% (p = 0,013) o CMoS comparativamente a uma pulverização. O CMoS pode ser mais alto quando se pulveriza o Mo em R7 (formação de vagens) comparativamente a R5 (pré-floração), sem prejuízo à qualidade da semente. Logo, o parcelamento do Mo nessas duas fases do feijão-comum economiza fertilizante molíbdico para produzir sementes ricas em Mo, com ligeira redução da qualidade da semente.

ABSTRACT. We evaluated the effects of split molybdenum (Mo) application at the reproductive stage of the common bean on seed Mo content (SMoC) and seed quality in two trials in the Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais. Plants were sprayed with 100 or 600 g Mo ha-1 at the V4 stage. The higher dose was also split into 100(V4)+500(R5), 100(V4)+500(R7), 100(V4)+250(R5)+250(R7), and 100(V4)+150(R5)+350(R7). SMoC from plants sprayed with 600 g (five treatments) was 3.7- or 62-fold higher than those sprayed with 100 g, with seeds from the former treatments exhibiting slightly poorer quality. Application of 100 g at V4 + 500 g at the reproductive stage (four treatments) increased SMoC 1.6- or 2.7-fold compared with SMoC from plants sprayed with 600 g at V4. Split application of 500 g with two sprays increased SMoC by 11% (p = 0.257) or 16% (p = 0.013) compared with one spray of 500 g. SMoC can be higher with Mo applied at R7 (pod formation) instead of at R5 (pre-flowering), without impairing seed quality. Thus, split Mo application between the R5 and R7 stages of the common bean saves molybdic fertilizer to produce Mo-rich seeds, with only a slight decrease in seed quality.

ABSTRACT White mold caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is the most yield-limiting disease of common bean in Brazil. To date, there has been no commercial cultivar resistant to this disease. In a greenhouse we evaluated white mold resistance sources (Cornell 605, A195 and G122) against eight isolates of S. sclerotiorum from five Brazilian states. A Brazilian cultivar (BRSMG Madrepérola) and a susceptible check (Beryl) were used as control. Treatments were arranged in factorial combinations (5 × 8) in a completely random design with four replicates. Disease severity was assessed on a rating scale of 1-to-9 together with lesion length, which was used to determine an area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Polymorphisms detected in ten microsatellite loci were used to assess variability between the isolates. Each isolate was a distinct haplotype; they formed a genetic tree with two clusters. One cluster was formed by three isolates collected from the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo (southeastern); the others, by isolates from Paraná, Santa Catarina (southern), Goiás (Mid-western), and again, Minas Gerais. Genotype × isolate interaction was significant. In general, Beryl was more susceptible than BRSMG Madrepérola. Considering the AUDPC and/or the white mold reaction score, Cornell 605 exhibited more physiological resistance than BRSMG Madrepérola to seven isolates, A195 to five isolates, and G122 to two isolates. Our results suggest that Cornell 605 is the best source of resistance to white mold for the southern region, whereas Cornell 605 and A195 are somewhat superior to G122 for the southeastern and mid-western regions.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Treatment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome should be complete and based on controlling the disease and the complications related to the use of antiretroviral medications, such as lipodystrophy. This study aimed to evaluate the main complaints, epidemiological aspects, and surgical procedures performed for lipodystrophy correction among patients receiving long-term antiretroviral therapy. Method: In this retrospective study, data were collected from the medical records of 27 patients who underwent 36 surgical procedures associated with lipodystrophy correction, from March 2010 to June 2014, at the Plastic Surgery Service of the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto. Results: The average age of the patients was 47.2 years; 22.2% were men and 77.8% were women. The average duration of antiretroviral therapy (HAAR) was 12.1 years. The most frequent complaints were dorsal hump (44.4%), abdominal lipodystrophy (44.4%), and gluteal lipoatrophy (37.04%). The majority of patients (70.4%) had undergone surgery. The most common type of surgery performed was hump liposuction (carried out in 48.1% of the patients), followed by abdominal, back, or flank liposuction (44.4%) and gluteoplasty (22.2%). Among all 36 procedures performed, only 2 resulted in complications. The average postoperative follow-up period was 11.2 months. In total, 70.4% of patients were satisfied with the results of their procedure. Conclusions: The success of surgical treatment of HAAR-induced lipodystrophy is based on proper preoperative selection as well as constant and prolonged follow-up. Improved selfesteem facilitates the adherence to antiretroviral drug treatment.

RESUMO Introdução: O tratamento de pacientes portadores da síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida deve ser integral e se basear no controle da doença e das complicações relacionadas ao uso de medicações antirretrovirais, como a lipodistrofia. Esse estudo tem como objetivo avaliar as principais queixas, os aspectos epidemiológicos e os procedimentos cirúrgicos realizados para corrigir a lipodistrofia em pacientes em uso crônico de antirretrovirais. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, no qual foram coletados dados dos prontuários de 27 pacientes submetidos a 36 procedimentos cirúrgicos relacionados à correção de lipodistrofia no período de março de 2010 a junho de 2014 no serviço de Cirurgia Plástica do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Resultados: A idade média dos pacientes foi 47,2 anos, 22,2% homens e 77,8% mulheres. O tempo médio de uso da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) foi de 12,1 anos. As queixas mais encontradas foram: giba dorsal (44,4%), lipodistrofia abdominal (44,4%) e lipoatrofia glútea (37,04%). Na maioria dos pacientes (70,4%), foi realizada uma cirurgia. Quanto às cirurgias, a lipoaspiração de giba foi realizada em 48,1% dos pacientes, seguida da lipoaspiração de abdome, dorso ou flancos (44,4%) e gluteoplastia (22,2%). Entre todos os 36 procedimentos realizados, apenas dois apresentaram complicações. O tempo médio de seguimento pós-operatório foi de 11,2 meses. Do total, 70,4% dos pacientes mostraram-se satisfeitos após os procedimentos. Conclusões: O sucesso do tratamento cirúrgico da lipodistrofia causada pelo uso da TARV baseia-se na seleção pré-operatória adequada e em seguimento constante e prolongado. A melhoria da autoestima facilita a adesão ao tratamento com antirretrovirais.

Objective: To investigate the role of demographic variables in the relationship between the presence of HAM/TSP and current major depression.Methods: It is a cross-sectional study of 108 HTLV-1 infected patients (47 with TSP/HAM) resident of Salvador, Brazil. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Brazilian Version 5 was used to evaluate the presence of depression. Prevalence ratios were used to describe relationship between HAM/TSP and depression. The HAM/TSP classification was carried out according to the criteria proposed by Castro-Costa et al.Results: Prevalence of depression was 37.96%. No association was observed between presence of HAM/TSP and diagnosis of current major depression in the global analysis of patients (PR: 0.94; CI 95%: 0.57-1.55). In the stratified analysis, however, greater prevalence of depres- sion was observed amongst individuals with HAM/TSP in the 18-39 age group (PR: 2.59; CI 95%: 1.36-4.95).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that age is an effect modifier in the relationship between HAM/TSP and depression, and this aspect should be considered in future studies on the topic.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Gorlin syndrome or nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease with a potential to cause a broad spectrum of abnormalities and other cancers. It is an autosomal dominant disease with a high penetrance and large variability of expression, manifesting in all ethnic groups but more prevalent in Caucasians, and presenting at a sex ratio of 1:1. Objective: The aim of this study was to discuss Gorlin syndrome, which is little commented on in the literature , and is possibly being underdiagnosed and undertreated by plastic surgeons and other professionals. Method: A literature review was done by selecting articles about Gorlin syndrome from the Medline/PubMed database from 2009 to 2013, and a caseby-case description from the records of the Clinical Hospital of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo is provided. Conclusion: Gorlin syndrome is a multisystemic syndrome with a wide spectrum of manifestations and a great potential for causing problems related mainly to the treatment of its three major changes or features. The plastic surgeon plays an important role in its detection, and can assist in the comprehensive treatment with proper follow-up of patients.

RESUMO Introdução: A síndrome de Gorlin ou síndrome do nevo carcinoma basocelular é uma doença multissistêmica infrequente, com um potencial de desenvolvimento de anormalidades de amplo espectro, como também de desenvolvimento de outras neoplasias. A mesma é autossômica dominante, com alta penetrância e grande variabilidade de expressão, manifesta-se em todos os grupos étnicos, sendo mais prevalente em caucasianos, e com relação entre os sexos de 1:1. Objetivo: Discorrer sobre esta afecção pouco comentada em nosso meio e que pode estar sendo subdiagnosticada e subtratada tanto pelo cirurgião plástico como pelos demais profissionais supostamente envolvidos. Método: Realizada revisão da literatura selecionando artigos sobre síndrome de Gorlin, no banco de dados da Medline/Pubmed de 2009-2013, e descrição da casuística do serviço do Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto - USP. Conclusão: A síndrome de Gorlin é uma síndrome multissistêmica, com um amplo espectro de manifestações e grande potencial de mutilação relacionada principalmente ao tratamento de suas três principais alterações/ características. O cirurgião plástico desempenha papel importante na sua detecção e pode colaborar no tratamento abrangente com seguimento adequado aos seus portadores.

A erosão costeira tem acarretado mudanças na paisagem de diversas praias, trazendo dificuldades para o desenvolvimento das atividades produtivas locais, como o turismo, a recreação e o comércio. Entretanto, comumente, as pesquisas não avaliam a percepção ambiental dos utilizadores das zonas costeiras, buscando um melhor entendimento a respeito das necessidades humanas e ambientais que compõem a realidade do local. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico da percepção dos usuários sobre a erosão costeira em uma praia turística no Nordeste do Brasil. Para isso, foram aplicados questionários adaptados à realidade local, divididos nas seguintes partes: informações sobre o entrevistado; formas de utilização da praia e percepção da paisagem. Os resultados mostraram uma concordância da maior parte dos entrevistados com o fato de a erosão costeira na área de estudo ser causada, principalmente, pela ação antrópica. As construções próximas ao mar e a construção de portos foram apontadas como as principais causas da instalação e intensificação dos processos erosivos locais, principalmente nos últimos cinco anos. Medidas de contenção à erosão costeira apontaram ser de importância significativa para melhorar a realidade socioeconômica e ambiental da área. Diante disso, nota-se a relevância da percepção ambiental aplicada a estudos de erosão costeira como ferramenta no planejamento de obras e/ou políticas que visem ao desenvolvimento sustentável e à recuperação de praias.

The coastal zone, with its innumerable attractions, is considered a privileged destination for various purposes, including tourism, leisure, and residences. These activities are compromised when coastlines erode. Coastal erosion is a global problem, given the number of places around the world where the coastline is receding. For the coast of Northeast Brazil, which is highly significant for tourism due to its beautiful beaches, native communities, holiday resorts, and residences, coastal erosion is a serious environmental, economic, and social problem. Hence, this phenomenon must be addressed through an understanding of the physical processes involved in the erosion in accordance with the environmental awareness of the stakeholders of the coastal zones. This way, a better appreciation of the human and environmental needs that constitute the local reality and a better comprehension of the values and expectations of society regarding economic, ethical, and aesthetic issues for protection of the environment can be achieved. The aim of this study was to diagnose the perception of the stakeholders regarding coastal erosion on a tourist beach in the northeast of Brazil. Located 74 km from the capital of the state Ceará, the Praia da Taiba is an approximately 10 km stretch of sandy beach, dunes, and sandstone reefs, with many cliffs and gullies formed by the tidal hydrodynamics. In recent decades, the region has experienced economic boom due to tourism, the establishment of a port and industrial pole (the Industrial and Port Complex of Pecém (CIPP) in 2002), and the construction of wind turbines (the Eolic Turbine Complex of Taiba in 1999). Data for the study was obtained using questionnaires specifically designed to reflect local reality. They were divided into the following parts: information about the interviewee, the ways people use the beach, and people's perception of the landscape. The results showed that the majority of the interviewees agreed that coastal erosion in the study area was caused by human activities, mainly related to the port complex of Pecém, over the last five years. Measures to contain coastal erosion were considered important in improving the socioeconomic state of the area. As a result, environmental awareness is relevant in studies of coastal erosion as a tool for planning and/or policies of public works that endeavor to improve beaches by controlling coastal erosion with the ultimate aim of contributing to socioeconomic and environmental development and the recuperation of tropical beaches.

Estudou-se a eficácia da aplicação de Trichoderma spp. no controle do mofo-branco do feijoeiro cultivado no outono-inverno na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais. Não houve efeito do antagonista em reduzir a severidade da doença, o que pode ser explicado pelas baixas temperaturas e pela alta pressão de inóculo no campo. Conclui-se que aplicações de Trichoderma não são recomendadas para o controle do mofo-branco do feijoeiro no outono-inverno em regiões com temperatura média abaixo de 20 °C, considerando que essa condição climática favorece mais o desenvolvimento do patógeno do que o do antagonista.

We studied the effectiveness of application of Trichoderma spp. in controlling white mold on common beans at the fall-winter crop in the Zona da Mata region of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. There was no effect of the antagonist in reducing the disease severity, which could be explained by the low temperatures and the high inoculum pressure in the field. We concluded that Trichoderma applications are not recommended for control of white mold on common beans at the fall-winter season in regions with average temperature bellow 20 °C, since this condition favor more the pathogen than the antagonist.