RESUMO Batatas com polpa colorida contêm elevadas concentrações de fitoquímicos, tais como ácidos fenólicos, antocianinas e carotenoides, que apresentam efeitos terapêuticos e promotores da saúde humana. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a concentração de compostos bioativos, e caracteres de qualidade industrial e de rendimento de tubérculos de batata de polpa colorida. Quatro experimentos foram realizados em Pelotas-RS. Em 2012 e 2013, avaliaram-se os caracteres de rendimento de tubérculos, e em 2014 e 2015, avaliaram-se os compostos bioativos (compostos fenólicos, antocianinas e carotenoides), atividade antioxidante e caracteres de qualidade industrial (teor de glicose, porcentagem de massa seca e cor de fritura). Os clones C2715-01-09, C2721-22-09 e C2743-01-09, de polpa roxa intensa, apresentaram elevadas concentrações de compostos bioativos e alta capacidade antioxidante, e razoáveis características de processamento e potencial produtivo. O clone C2743-09-09, de polpa branca entremeada com roxo, foi o mais produtivo e mostrou bons atributos de processamento, porém teores inferiores de compostos bioativos e moderada atividade antioxidante quando comparado aos clones completamente roxos.

ABSTRACT Colored flesh potatoes contain high concentrations of phytochemicals, such as phenolic acids, anthocyanins and carotenoids, which have therapeutic effects and promoters of human health. The objective of the study was to evaluate the concentration of bioactive compounds and industrial quality and yield traits of potato tubers. Four experiments were carried out in Pelotas-RS. In 2012 and 2013, tuber yield traits were evaluated and in 2014 and 2015, the bioactive compounds (phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and carotenoids), antioxidant activity and industrial quality traits [glucose content, dry matter (%) and frying color] were assessed. Clones C2715-01-09, C2721-22-09 and C2743-01-09, having fully pigmented purple flesh presented high concentrations of bioactive compounds and high antioxidant capacity and reasonable processing quality traits and yield potential. Clone C2743-09-09 with white flesh interspersed with purple was the most productive and had good processing attributes, but showed lower levels of bioactive compounds and moderate antioxidant activity when compared to completely purple clones.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to estimate the combining ability between two groups of potato parents in early generations of selection. Twelve potato families, derived from two groups of parents crossed in a 4x3 partial diallel design, were evaluated, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Additive effects of genes were predominant for the traits tuber shape uniformity, tuber pointiness, tuber curvature, general tuber appearance, tuber size uniformity, tuber number, total tuber yield, and average tuber weight. With regard to general combining ability, for all tuber appearance traits, the foreign parents ‘Pukara’ and ‘Asterix’, and the national parent ‘Eliza’ contributed with complementary favorable alleles. For tuber yield component traits, the foreign parent ‘Rioja’ and the national parent ‘Eliza’ were outstanding. The specific combining ability indicated ‘Pukara’/‘Eliza’ as the most promising cross for the development of superior genotypes for the traits general tuber appearance and tuber number.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a eficiência de diferentes índices de seleção de clones superiores de batata. O experimento foi realizado no campo experimental da Embrapa Clima Temperado em Pelotas-RS, na primavera de 2008. Foram estudadas três populações híbridas de batata derivadas de cruzamentos entre clones avançados do programa de melhoramento de batata da Embrapa e cultivares estrangeiras. O delineamento experimental foi blocos aumentados em quatro repetições. O uso de índices de seleção resultou em maiores estimativas de ganhos de seleção, com melhor distribuição entre os caracteres avaliados. Os melhores índices de seleção encontrados para serem utilizados em programas de melhoramento de batata são os índices multiplicativo de Subandi et al. (1973) e o índice baseado na soma de ranks proposto por Mulamba & Mock (1978).

The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency of different selection index methods for superior potato clones. The experiment was carried out at the experimental field of Embrapa Clima Temperado in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, in the spring season of 2008. Three hybrid populations of potato derived from crosses between advanced clones of Embrapa potato breeding program and foreign cultivars were studied. The experimental design was an augmented block with four replications. The use of selection indexes resulted in higher selection gains, with better distribution among traits. The best selection index found to be used in potato breeding programs are the multiplicative of Subandi et al. (1973) and the index based on the sum of ranks proposed by Mulamba & Mock (1978).