Resumen. En ambientes Neotropicales, sabemos poco sobre la abundancia de vertebrados silvestres tradicionalmente cazados. Con base en registros de cacería de subsistencia (2005-2019) así como en información etnográfica proveniente de campesinos-cazadores mayas, evaluamos la fluctuación interanual en la tasa de captura de venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) en una comunidad del noroeste de la Península de Yucatán. Encontramos que el número de presas disminuyó con los años, mostrando una tasa de captura (presas/salida) a la baja hasta 50% menor entre el primer (2005-2006) y tercer periodo (2010-2011) de registros. La mayoría de los entrevistados (74%; N = 31) percibieron dicha disminución del venado principalmente en los últimos 10 años y asociada a la cacería (71%). La consistencia entre la tendencia de caza y la percepción de los campesinos sobre la abundancia del venado sugiere que esta especie podría estar en riesgo ante futuros escenarios de uso en el noroeste del Mayab contemporáneo.

Abstract. In Neotropical environments, we know little about the abundance of wild vertebrates traditionally hunted. Based on subsistence hunting records (2005-2019) as well as ethnographic information from Maya peasant-hunters, we assessed the inter-annual capture rate of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in a rural community in the northwest of the Yucatan Peninsula. We found that the number of prey decreased over the years, showing a declining capture rate (prey/trip) that decreased by as much as 50% from the first (2005-2006) to the third period (2010-2011) of records. The majority of peasant-hunters interviewed (74%; N = 31) perceived this reduction in deer to have taken place mainly over the past 10 years as consequence of hunting (71%). The agreement between the hunting trend and peasants’ perceptions regarding the abundance of white-tailed deer suggests that this species may be at risk in future scenarios of use in northwest of contemporary Mayab.

Chagas disease is one of the most important yet neglected parasitic diseases in Mexico and is transmitted by Triatominae. Nineteen of the 31 Mexican triatomine species have been consistently found to invade human houses and all have been found to be naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. The present paper aims to produce a state-of-knowledge atlas of Mexican triatomines and analyse their geographic associations with T. cruzi, human demographics and landscape modification. Ecological niche models (ENMs) were constructed for the 19 species with more than 10 records in North America, as well as for T. cruzi. The 2010 Mexican national census and the 2007 National Forestry Inventory were used to analyse overlap patterns with ENMs. Niche breadth was greatest in species from the semiarid Nearctic Region, whereas species richness was associated with topographic heterogeneity in the Neotropical Region, particularly along the Pacific Coast. Three species,Triatoma longipennis, Triatoma mexicana and Triatoma barberi, overlapped with the greatest numbers of human communities, but these communities had the lowest rural/urban population ratios. Triatomine vectors have urbanised in most regions, demonstrating a high tolerance to human-modified habitats and broadened historical ranges, exposing more than 88% of the Mexican population and leaving few areas in Mexico without the potential for T. cruzitransmission.