M. hyorhinis is considered one of the etiological agents of arthritis in sucking pigs, but recently as seen, some strains can produce pneumonia that could not be distinguished from the mycoplasmosis caused by M. hyopneumoniae. The study was conducted to research the presence of Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis ) in different regions of the country from exudates of pig lungs with typical EP lesions. Exudates from 280 pig lungs with typical EP lesions were studied using molecular techniques such as PCR, real time PCR and amplification of the 16S-23S rRNA. It was detected that the 66% of the samples studied resulted positive to M. hyorhinis, and the presence of this species was detected in all the provinces. Amplification and studies on the intergenic region 16S-23S of M. hyorhinis rRNA demonstrated the existing variability among strains of a same species. This study is the first report on M. hyorhinis detection in Cuba.

The aim of this work was to evaluate different DNA extraction methods of mycoplasma with the use of PCR. The characterization of Mycoplasma arginini strain use as positive control in this test was carried out, by means of morphological studies and biochemical and enzymatic tests, in order to obtain a homogenous culture, which allowed evaluating three mycoplasma DNA extraction methods for their use in the PCR test. Methods based on centrifuge and thermal shock with centrifuge were proven for the DNA extraction in cell culture clinical samples, sera and biopharmaceutical products, which had been tested by culture method and Nucleic Acid Hybridization (NAH). Mycoplasma arginini, strain was characterized and evaluated. Either phenol-chloroform extraction as well as two more simple methods describe above, brought the same results when the PCR assay was carried out using M. arginini strain. It has been demonstrated that the methods based on centrifuge and thermal shock with centrifuge are efficient to obtain Mycoplasma DNA from clinical samples with the use of PCR, comparing these results with those obtained by culture method and NAH.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar diferentes métodos de extracción de ADN de micoplasmas, para su empleo en el diagnóstico por PCR. La caracterización de la cepa de Mycoplasma arginini utilizada como control positivo, se realizó con el empleo de los estudios morfológicos y las pruebas bioquímicas y enzimáticas. A continuación se procedió a la obtención de un cultivo homogéneo de la cepa de Mycoplasma arginini, que permitiera evaluar tres métodos de extracción de ADN de micoplasmas para su utilización en el ensayo de PCR. Se probaron los métodos de extracción fenol _cloroformo, centrifugación y centrifugación con choque térmico en muestras clínicas de cultivos celulares, sueros y productos biofarmacéuticos, que habían sido testadas por el método de cultivo y la Hibridación de Ácidos Nucleicos (HAN). Como resultado se obtuvo la cepa de Mycoplasma arginini caracterizada y evaluada. Tanto el método de fenol-cloroformo, como la centrifugación y centrifugación con choque térmico, más sencillos, brindaron similares resultados cuando se realizó la PCR utilizando la cepa tipo de Mycoplasma arginini. Se demostró que los métodos de choque térmico y centrifugación son eficientes para la obtención de ADN de micoplasmas a partir de muestras clínicas con el empleo de la PCR, comparándose estos resultados con los obtenidos por cultivo y la HAN.