ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a vegetable diet compared to a diet containing fishmeal at the commercial level (6%) on bodygrowth, proximal composition offillets and haematological parameters of juvenil gamitana (Colossoma macropomum). The experiment followed a completely randomized design with two treatments, an exclusively vegetable diet and a diet with low fishmeal content (6%), and three 200 m3 dug earthen ponds as experimental units per treatment. A total of 1200 fish (172.9 g;19.4 cm) distributed in the six ponds (1 fish/m3) were used. Feeding was done twice a day (08:00 and 16:00) at a daily feeding rate of 2% for 60 days. The water quality parameters were monitored daily and showed constant values and within the comfort range of the species. The exclusively vegetable diet had a similar effect as the fishmeal diet on body growth [final weight 258.9 g, weight gain 86.1 g, supplied feed 128.4 g, feed conversion 1.24, relative growth rate 1.74%/day, factor of condition 1.91, 0% mortality], the proximal composition of fillets [moisture 77.90%, ash 1.39%, protein 18.98%, lipid 0.86%], as well as in the hematological parameters. It is concluded that an exclusively vegetable diet can be used for the rearing of juvenile gamitana, contributing to the sustainability of its production and reduction of feeding costs.

RESUMEN El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de una dieta vegetal en comparación con una dieta conteniendo harina de pescado al nivel comercial (6%) sobre el crecimiento corporal, composición proximal del músculo y parámetros hematológicos de juveniles de gamitana (Colossoma macropomum). El experimento siguió un diseño completamente al azar con dos tratamientos, una dieta exclusivamente vegetal y una dieta con bajo contenido de harina de pescado (6%), y tres estanques de tierra excavados de 200 m3 como unidades experimentales por tratamiento. Se trabajó con 1200 peces (172.9 g; 19.4 cm) distribuidos en los seis estanques (1 pez/m3). La alimentación se hizo dos veces al día (08:00 y 16:00) a una tasa de alimentación diaria de 2% durante 60 días. Los parámetros de calidad de agua fueron monitoreados diariamente y mostraron valores constantes y dentro del rango de confort de la especie. La dieta exclusivamente vegetal causó similar efecto que la dieta con harina de pescado sobre el crecimiento corporal [peso final 258.9 g, ganancia de peso 86.1 g, alimento ofrecido 128.4 g, conversión alimenticia 1.24, tasa de crecimiento relativo 1.74%/día, factor de condición 1.91, 0% de mortalidad], la composición proximal del músculo [humedad 77.90%, cenizas 1.39%, proteínas 18.98%, lípidos 0.86%], así como en los parámetros hematológicos. Se concluye que una dieta exclusivamente vegetal puede ser utilizada para la crianza de juveniles de gamitana contribuyendo a la sostenibilidad de su producción y reducción de costos por alimentación.

RESUMO: A síndrome de Brachyspina (BS) é um defeito hereditário monogênico autossômico recessivo raro da raça Holstein Friesian causado por uma exclusão de 3,3 KB no gene FANCI localizado no cromossomo bovino 21, o que leva a um deslocamento de quadro e um códon de parada prematuro. Uma consequência da BS é a eficiência de reprodução reduzida e a produção de leite. O objetivo deste estudo foi o desenvolvimento de um método simples, rápido e sensível, baseado em PCR em tempo real e análise da curva de fusão para identificar animais portadores de BS. Sessenta e oito genótipos homozigotos normais e quatro heterozigotos foram detectados e confirmados através da análise tradicional de PCR e electophorese. Concluímos que o novo método é uma ferramenta confiável, altamente precisa e de baixo custo, que poderia ser usado para monitorar a presença da mutação BS na raça Holandês uruguaia.

ABSTRACT: Brachyspina syndrome (BS) is a rare monogenic autosomal recessive hereditary disorder of the Holstein Fresian breed caused by a deletion of 3.3Kb in the Fanconi anemia complementation group I (FANCI) gene on BTA-21, which leads to a frame-shift and premature stop codon. Some of the consequences of BS are the reduction of the fertility rate and milk production. This study developed a simple, sensitive, rapid cost- effective assay method based on real time PCR and melting curve analysis for the detection of BS carrier animals. Sixty-eight normal homozygous and four heterozygous carrier genotypes were detected and confirmed through traditional PCR- electrophoresis analysis. We concluded that the assay we have developed proved to be a reliable, highly precise and low-cost tool, which could be used to monitor the presence of the BS mutation in uruguayan Holstein breed.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy in vitro of the antibacterial inhibitory effect of the ethanolic extracts of propolis in comparison to the chlorhexidine gluconate against strains of the Lactobacillus acidophilus. Material and methods: The type of investigation was experimental, prospective, analytical and longitudinal. It took place in the laboratory of microbiology at the private university Norbert Wiener during the year 2016. The population consisted of strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus commercial use and the sample consisted of 30 crops of this microorganism in petri plates with blood agar base and where disks embedded paper was placed with ethanol propolis extracts of 15% and 30%, chlorhexidine gluconate of 0.12% as a positive control and alcohol of 70% as a negative control. Underconditions of anaerobiosis at 30°C. Results: The obtained that the concentration at 15% and 30% ethanolicpropolis extract has a higher average effect inhibitor 8.15 mm and 11.75 mmat 48 hours and 11.40 mm and 14.25 mm at 72 hours respectively. In relation to the average inbition halo produced by the chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12% at 48 and 72 hours, which was 6.55 mm and 8.00 mm. Conclusions: The ethanolic extract of propolis30% is more effective in vitro than 0.12% chlorhexidine for the control of Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Objetivos: Determinar la eficacia in vitro del efecto inhibidor del extracto etanólico de propóleo en comparación al gluconato de clorhexidina frente a cepas de Lactobacillus acidophilus. Material y Métodos: El tipo de investigación fue experimental, prospectivo, analítico y longitudinal, llevándose a cabo en el laboratorio de microbiología de la Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener durante el año 2016. La población estuvo conformada por cepas de Lactobacillus acidophilus de uso comercial, con una muestra de 30 cultivos en placas petri con agar base sangre, colocándose discos de papel Whatman N° 40 embebidos con extracto etanólico de propóleo al 15% y 30%, así como gluconato de clorhexidina 0,12% como control positivo y alcohol de 70° como control negativo. Se desarrolló el cultivo en condiciones de anaerobiosis a 37 °C. Resultados: Se obtuvo que la concentración al 15% y 30% del extracto etanólico de propóleo presenta un mayor efecto inhibidor promedio de 8,15 mm y 11,75 mm a las 48 horas y de 11,40 mm y 14,25 mm a las 72 horas, respectivamente; en relación al halo de inhibición promedio producido por el gluconato de clorhexidina al 0,12% a las 48 y 72 horas, que fue de 6,55 mm y 8,00 mm. Conclusiones: El extracto etanólico de propóleo al 30% es más efectivo in vitro que la clorhexidina al 0,12% para el control de Lactobacillus acidophilus.