ABSTRACT The article expresses in its content the role of the Abreus Municipal University Center in the accompaniment to La Guajira Mini-canning industry, and in this, the objective is to expose the ideas that support the result of the University Accompaniment Strategy based on the identification of potentialities and weaknesses in the CPA 26 de Julio, in which La Guajira Mini-industry is consolidated as a project resulting from the Local Development Strategy, which strengthens the relationship Government, University (CUM), Company, and Society with the creation of capacities from establishing coordination and collaboration relationships that constitute the articulation as a superior level of such accompaniment from which the prominence, awareness and commitment help to solve the problems that emerge from diagnosis and characterization of the Mini-industry, and then proceed to the decision-making process that leads to compliance with the actions of the University Support Strategy and in that interest, the main result is the identification of the needs and potentialities in a movement that includes the permanent training of professionals.

RESUMEN El artículo expresa en su contenido el rol del Centro Universitario Municipal Abreus en el acompañamiento a la Mini-industria de conservas La Guajira, y en ello, el objetivo es exponer las ideas que avalan el resultado de la Estrategia de acompañamiento universitario a partir de la identificación de potencialidades y debilidades en la CPA 26 de julio, en la cual se consolida la Mini-industria La Guajira, como un proyecto resultante de la Estrategia de desarrollo local, que fortalece la relación Gobierno, Universidad (CUM), Empresa, y Sociedad, con la creación de capacidades a partir de establecer relaciones de coordinación y colaboración que se constituyen en la articulación como nivel superior de dicho acompañamiento desde el cual el protagonismo, la sensibilización y el compromiso ayudan a resolver los problemas que emergen del diagnóstico y la caracterización de la Mini-industria, para luego, proceder a la toma de decisiones, que conllevan al cumplimiento de las acciones de la Estrategia de acompañamiento universitario y en ese interés el principal resultado es la identificación de las necesidades y potencialidades, en un movimiento que incluye la formación permanente de los profesionales y la capacitación.

ABSTRACT The article presents a Strategy for university support in local development, a perspective in the context of the Municipal University Center, from which the characteristics of university support as a planned and timely process were specified, in correspondence with the reality of the environment where it takes place. The traits that identify it are flexible and ascending, formative and participatory and its objective is centered on the idea of mediation, to facilitate a teaching and learning process, between companions and accompanied by facilitating participation and communication through reasoning, reflection and knowledge management. In addition, two key areas are presented with their measures indicators to measure the effects towards the internal and external; in this way it allows the measurement of the expected results.

RESUMEN El artículo presenta una Estrategia de acompañamiento universitario en el desarrollo local, perspectiva en el contexto del Centro Universitario Municipal, desde la cual se precisaron las características del acompañamiento universitario como un proceso planificado y oportuno, en correspondencia con la realidad del entorno donde tiene lugar. Los rasgos que la identifican son flexibles y ascendente, formativo y participativo y su objetivo se centra en la idea de la mediación, para facilitar un proceso de enseñanza y de aprendizaje, entre acompañante y acompañado al facilitar la participación y la comunicación a través del razonamiento, la reflexión y la gestión de conocimientos. Además, se presentan dos áreas claves con sus indicadores de medidas para medir los efectos hacia lo interno y lo externo; de ese modo permite la medición de los resultados esperados.

ABSTRACT: Although water deficit and iron deficiency chlorosis are common environmental stresses in the Mediterranean area, few data are reported in the literature on their effects on vineyards, when acting simultaneously. The main objective of this research was to study the combined effects of iron deficiency and water status on vigor, yield and fruit composition in rainfed vineyards. Moreover, the investigation aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using foliar chlorophyll content (Chl) and predawn leaf water potential (LWP), measured at veraison, to assess potential quality of grapes in the framework of precision viticulture. For this, 24 non-irrigated ‘Tempranillo’ vineyard subzones were monitored in Ribera del Duero (North-Central Spain) during three consecutive seasons (2011-2013). The analysis of variance and principal component analysis showed that malic acid concentrations of the must were impacted only by Chl, whereas total soluble solids and total acidity were mainly modified by LWP. Both water and iron status reduced yield and berry weight and had additive effects on extractable anthocyanin content in grapes, total polyphenol index and color density of the must. In all seasons, the ratio Chl/LWP had a better predicting value for quality parameters of these grapes than leaf area index, Chl or LWP individually. The present work demonstrates the potential interest of physiological indexes combining water status and foliar chlorosis as indicators of grape phenolic potential in rainfed vineyards affected by iron deficiency.

ABSTRACT The present work approaches the topic of the permanent formation of the directors of primary schools in the planning of the institutional educational project, which has as objective to base, starting from theoretical referents, the necessity of this formation as an essential aspect for the achievement with success of the changes that emanates the third improvement of the National System of Education. This work offers methodological elements about how to plan the institutional educational project, the execution of their stages, characteristic and the necessary active participation of the internal and external collaborators.

RESUMEN El presente trabajo aborda el tema de la formación permanente de los directores de escuelas primarias en la planificación del Proyecto Educativo Institucional (PEI), el cual tiene como objetivo fundamentar a partir de referentes teóricos la necesidad de dicha formación como un aspecto esencial para el logro con éxito de los cambios que emana el tercer perfeccionamiento del Sistema Nacional de Educación. Se ofrecen elementos metodológicos acerca de cómo planificar el PEI, el cumplimiento de sus etapas, características y la necesaria participación activa de los colaboradores internos y externos.

ABSTRACT: Exogenous ethephon and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments are used worldwide to improve the coloring of red table grapes, but there is little information about their impact on the quality of white grapes and wines. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of exogenous ethephon and ABA applications at veraison on the composition of ‘Verdejo’ white grapes, and on the quality of their wines. To attain this objective, a field trial was carried out in a ‘Verdejo’/110 Richter vineyard located in north-central Spain. Two levels of ethephon (0 and 1500 mg L−1) and ABA (0 and 800 mg L−1) were sprayed on clusters at veraison, in a factorial design for three consecutive seasons. Ethephon and ABA had additive effects, decreasing titratable acidity and increasing pH of the must, which could be exploited by accelerating the grape ripening process in cold-climate zones. Nevertheless, each growth regulator affected the composition and sensory analysis of the wines differently. Ethephon treatments produced wines with lower concentration of acids and better flavor quality than those made from untreated plants, while wines with ABA applications tended to have a higher ethanol concentration and poorer aroma quality than controls. The wines submitted to treatments with ethephon obtained the best overall evaluation in the sensory analysis throughout the trial.

Resumen La esclerosis de Monckeberg es una enfermedad de baja prevalencia y causa desconocida, en la cual arterias de mediano y pequeño calibre sufren calcificación de la capa media generándose una reducción de la luz. Suele manifestarse por la aparición de úlceras de tipo arterial en la piel de extremidades superiores e inferiores. Su diagnóstico requiere de estudios histopatológicos, con diagnósticos diferenciales como la poliarteritis nodosa y la arteritis de células gigantes. No existen guías de tratamiento, se han propuesto quelantes de calcio como el tiosulfato de sodio, pero los pocos estudios disponibles no han logrado demostrar resultados significativos.

Abstract Monckeberg's sclerosis is a rare and low prevalence disease of unknown cause in which small and medium size arteries suffer calcification of the middle layer, leading to a reduction in calibre. Clinically, the disease manifests by the appearance of arterial type ulcers on the skin of upper and lower extremities. Its diagnosis is difficult, and requires histopathological studies. Some rheumatic conditions, such as polyarteritis nodosa and giant cell arteritis may mimic this process. Treatment of the disease is not well established. Although the use of calcium chelators such as sodium thiosulfate has been proposed, the few available studies have failed to show significant results.

The article aims to analyze the potential benefits of education to contribute to environmental culture in the community, with the joint between the work of art instructor and cultural promoter. Content related to environmental education and culture are discussed. For this tour on a theoretical conceptualizations in education for environmental awareness in the community is carried out, the main weaknesses are identified from a characterization of the communities, with the use of investigative techniques, which recognized the need to intervene, for which a plan of cultural actions, with activities in four areas, and a structure with objectives in keeping with the diagnosis doing the instructor of art and cultural promoter, and the draft educational work of rural school is made. It has a flexible and dynamic, to individual and collective needs.

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las posibilidades que brinda la educación para contribuir a la cultura ambiental en la comunidad, con la articulación entre la labor del instructor de arte y el promotor cultural. Se tratan contenidos referidos a la educación y cultura ambiental. Para esto se realiza un recorrido teórico sobre las conceptualizaciones en la educación para la cultura ambiental en la comunidad, se identifican las principales debilidades a partir de una caracterización de las comunidades, con el empleo de técnicas de investigación, que constataron la necesidad de intervenir, para lo cual se elabora un plan de acciones socioculturales, con actividades en cuatro áreas, y una estructura con objetivos en correspondencia con el diagnóstico que realizan el instructor de arte y promotor cultural, y el proyecto de trabajo educativo de la escuela rural. Tiene un carácter flexible y dinámico, según las necesidades individuales y colectivas.

The Cuban technological production recorded in patents documents processed in the United States Office from 1997 to 2007 is analyzed and described in this paper. Authors studied the woman participation and performance in national scientific and technical development with greatest international impact and visibility in the international field. Thus, we used a group of indicators allowing to show the patent production behaviour, as well as to obtain the necessary data to know the women role in this activity. The sectors with the greatest technologies production and marketing rates in Cuba were determined, where women have an active participation; as well as the centre and investigation institute, and the inventors with a greater patent production in the study period. The Cuban woman has a strong presence in introduction of national technologies in the international market in the past years.

Se describe y analiza la producción tecnológica de Cuba, registrada en documentos de patentes, procesados por la Oficina de Patentes de los Estados Unidos en el período 1997-2007. Se estudia la participación y el desempeño de la mujer en el desarrollo científico y técnico nacional con mayor impacto y visibilidad internacional. Para esto se utilizaron un conjunto de indicadores que permiten mostrar el comportamiento de la producción de patentes, así como obtener los datos necesarios para conocer el papel de la mujer en esta actividad. Se determinaron los sectores con mayores índices de producción y comercialización de tecnologías en Cuba, donde la mujer participa de forma activa; los períodos de tiempo más productivos y con mayor actividad inventiva, así como los centros e institutos de investigación e inventores con una mayor producción de patentes en el período de estudio. La mujer cubana muestra una fuerte presencia en la introducción de tecnologías del país en el mercado internacional en los últimos años.