In the criminal sphere, it is extremely important to identify perpetrators of crimes based on latent fingerprints (invisible to the naked eye) revealed at crime scenes and their corresponding objects. The present work aimed to evaluate four synthetic analogues of curcumin as possible IDL developers, and to compare their results with those of carbon black developer, as well as to reach the most adequate parameters in the use of the LTQ and FT-ICR mass spectrometers with the paper spray ionization (PS) source to study the chemical composition of the endogenous substances contained in the IDL. For this, a 24-1 factorial design was developed, where it was verified that the distance and voltage factors were the most influential for the increase in the response of signals, in the analysis of latent fingerprints by PS. Among the detected substances we can mention around 20 fatty acids, and squalene. Finally, four potential developers, synthetic analogues of curcumin, were compared with carbon black developer. The revelation of latent fingerprints occurred efficiently, allowing the visualization of minutiae, such as bifurcation and end of line, making it possible to classify them, according to the Vucetich Fingerprint Classification System.

Food additives are chemical substances added to improve organoleptic characteristics, in this context, there are several synthetic dyes, such as sunset yellow, tartrazine, erioglaucine, allura red, indigo carmine, and new coccine, that can also be identified through different analytical techniques such as infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and mass spectrometry. Therefore, the objective of this work was to compare methods developed for different analytical techniques, in order to identify the one that presents greater efficiency in certain applications. For this, the patterns of the dyes were analyzed, as well as their mixtures and foods that had them. As a result, the CLAE-DAD presents excellent selectivity and linearity of the calibration curves, but it presents higher LD and LQ values when compared to the UV-Vis, in turn the infrared provides information regarding functional groups and bonds. Mass spectrometry showed great capabilities in identifying the molecular formula and better selectivity in the absence of the erioglaucine dye. It is not feasible to indicate the best or worst analytical approach, but it is possible to point out which one is more suitable for each application. Regarding the quantification capacity, chromatography and UV-Vis are good alternatives, but in mixtures containing more than one dye, CLAE-DAD is more suitable due to the better selectivity. Regarding the identification capacity, mass spectrometry, especially FT-ICR MS, is the most appropriate technique to propose molecular formulas due to its high resolution and mass accuracy. The advantage of FTIR was the easier sample preparation, being able to analyze the dyes in the solid state.

ABSTRACT Natividade and Pimenta (2009) Bonadio (2007)

RESUMO A moda possibilita compreender os desdobramentos socioculturais de uma determinada sociedade. Pode ser vista como uma manifestação cultural e como uma forma de linguagem, possibilitando ser analisada por meio da semiótica. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar as formas de representação utilizadas para construir significados identitários a partir da observação da roupa feminina presente nas fotografias da década de 1920, por meio da Semiótica Social, ao identificar e refletir sobre a mensagem transmitida visualmente pelas roupas, estabelecendo uma relação entre a mensagem transmitida pela imagem com a construção social do corpo feminino e o contexto histórico e sociocultural dos anos de 1920. Metodologicamente o estudo apresenta uma pesquisa bibliográfica fundamentada em estudiosos das áreas da semiótica e da moda como Natividade e Pimenta (2009) e Bonadio (2007), seguida da análise das imagens quanto aos seus significados representacionais, interacionais e composicionais, justificando-se por ser a visualidade e a moda áreas de análise ainda carentes de estudos, mas também pela relevância do estudo da moda e da linguagem visual para diversas áreas do saber. Os resultados sugerem que a roupa pode transmitir mensagens e informações dentro de um contexto sociocultural, sendo, portanto, uma manifestação de um sistema não verbal de comunicação.

Abstract Trauma is a leading cause of death, permanent disability, and health care cost worldwide. The young and economically active are the most affected population. Exsanguination due to noncompressible torso hemorrhage is one of the most frequent causes of early death, posing a significant challenge to trauma and vascular surgeons. The possibility of limb loss due to vascular injuries must also be considered. In recent decades, the approach to vascular injuries has been significantly modified. Angiotomography has become the standard method for diagnosis, endovascular techniques are currently incorporated in treatment, and damage control, such as temporary shunts, is now the preferred approach for the patients sustaining physiological derangement. Despite the importance of this topic, few papers in the Brazilian literature have offered guidelines on vascular trauma. The Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery has developed Projetos Diretrizes (Guideline Projects), which includes this publication on vascular trauma. Since treating trauma patients is a multidisciplinary effort, the Brazilian Trauma Society (SBAIT) was invited to participate in this project. Members of both societies reviewed the literature on vascular trauma management and together wrote these guidelines on vascular injuries of neck, thorax, abdomen, and extremities.

Resumo Trauma é uma causa importante de morbimortalidade, que acomete principalmente jovens. A hemorragia incoercível é o principal mecanismo de óbito precoce nessas vítimas, e as lesões vasculares não compressíveis representam grandes desafios para os cirurgiões. O traumatismo vascular impacta diretamente a viabilidade de membros traumatizados, aumentando o risco de amputação. Nas últimas décadas, muitas condutas de diagnóstico e tratamento de lesões vasculares traumáticas foram modificadas. A angiotomografia suplantou a angiografia como padrão ouro para diagnóstico, as técnicas endovasculares foram incorporadas ao arsenal terapêutico e o conceito de “controle de danos” foi estabelecido. No entanto, há lacunas na literatura nacional sobre a normatização de condutas em trauma vascular, principalmente considerando as limitações do Brasil. Por isso, a Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular e a Sociedade Brasileira de Atendimento Integrado ao Traumatizado revisaram a literatura disponível sobre trauma vascular e organizaram diretrizes sobre o diagnóstico e tratamento dessas lesões.

Resumo Analisa-se a aplicabilidade dos índices clássicos, numericamente modelados, indicadores de condições atmosféricas turbulenta para previsão de turbulência de céu claro (CAT) na região sul do Brasil. Os eventos foram reconstruídos usando 25.465 mensagens de CAT, denominado de AIREP (Air-Report), de 2015 a 2019, e 12.959 observações in-situ da aceleração vertical da gravidade (VRTG) registrados pelas aeronaves de fevereiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2019. Os registros de CAT via VRTG mostraram que os eventos turbulentos são proporcionalmente distribuídos (em parênteses a sua severidade) em 94% (leve), 4% (moderada) e 1% (severa) na região de estudo. As análises sinóticas de 5 estudos de casos revelam que os eventos de CAT ocorreram durante condições de céu claro na presença da corrente de jato e, assim, o cisalhamento de vento foi o mecanismo de sua formação. Três análises, baseada na composição de variáveis modelados pelos modelos GFS0,25 e WRF (com grade de 18, 6 e 2 km), definido como, (1) perfil de vento, temperatura potencial (θ), energia cinética turbulenta (TKE), (2) número de Richardson (Ri) e velocidade vertical (W), e (3) os índices indicadores de CAT denominados de Ri, Brown, Ellrod-Endlich, Ellrod-Knap and Ellroad-Knox, mostraram que quanto maior a resolução espacial da simulação numérica melhor é previsão de CAT. Análises da resposta dos índices modelados versus capacidade destes em representar as condições de uma atmosfera turbulenta, na circunvizinhança dos registros de VRTG, é calculada e se observou que o índice Brown foi o mais eficiente para tal, uma que este foi capaz de identificar 100% dos cinco casos estudados. O resultado de tentativa inicial para ajustar os índices (Brown, Ellrod-Endlich e Ellrod-Knap) de previsão de CAT, usando dados modelados do WRF são bastante promissores, visto que os três índices ajustados foram capazes de detectar, respectivamente, 96%, 96% e 99% da previsão de eventos de CAT, com 12 horas de antecedência nos dias 21 de maio de 2018 e 27 de março de 2019.

Abstract This analyzes the classic indexes modeled numerically to predict turbulence in the southern region of Brazil. Historical clear sky turbulence (CAT) events were reconstructed by using 25.465 AIREP messages, from 2015 to 2019, and 12.959 CAT records by aircraft from February 2018 to December 2019. The observations have shown that CAT events are proportionally distributed (in parentheses, its severity) in 94% (light), 4% (moderate), and 1% (severe). Synoptic analyses of five cases studied reveal that turbulence records occurred during clear sky conditions in the presence of a jet stream. Three joint analyses of the compositions of the variables modeled by GFS0.25 and WRF (18, 6 and 2 km grid), defined as, (1) wind profile, potential temperature (θ), turbulent kinetic energy (TKE); and (2) Richardson (Ri) and vertical speed (W), and (3) separately the CAT indicator indices called Ri, Brown, Ellrod-Endlich, and Ellrod-Knap, and Ellroad-Knox, showed that the improvement of spatial resolution data plays an important role in CAT forecasting. The response of the modeled indices is compared to their capacity to characterize the circumstances of a turbulent atmosphere in the vicinity of the VRTG records, and it was revealed that the Brown index was the most efficient for this, able to identify 100% of the five cases examined. The results of an initial attempt to adjust the CAT prediction indices (Brown, Ellrod-Endlich, and Ellrod-Knap) using modeled WRF data are reasonably promising, as the three adjusted indices detected 96%, and 99% of CAT event forecast 12 hours in advance on May 21, 2018 and March 27, 2019.

ABSTRACT: Several non-destructive testing techniques have been improved and tested in recent years. The non-destructive testing techniques using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and digital image correlation (DIC) differ from conventional testing techniques, as they allow making measurements indirectly. In this study, the elastic modulus in wood beams of Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus oocarpa were determined using PIV and DIC. The application of PIV and DIC techniques occurred during the static bending tests, when the displacements were also measured by the conventional method. The applied load values allowed calculating the elasticity modulus. In all regions of analysis, the mean values of the elasticity modulus found by the DIC, PIV and conventional method are statistically equivalent. It is concluded that the PIV and DIC testing techniques can be used to determine mechanical properties of wood.

ABSTRACT: Appropriate management of factors that influence forest development is essential to increase yield of forest plantations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of water seasonality, nutritional management, and uniformity on yield of eucalyptus plantations and estimate the potential, attainable, and observed yield of adult eucalyptus stands. We evaluated Eucalyptus clonal stands in six regions of Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in a system of first and second rotation across four age classes using the twin-plots method (TP). In the study, 142 TPs were allocated alongside 142 plots in a continuous forest inventory (CFI) network of a private enterprise. The CFI received operational fertilization and additional fertilization was carried out in the TP. The trees were measured at the beginning of the experiment and at every six months to quantify the production in the wet (PW) and dry (PD) periods of the year. Uniformity of plantations was evaluated using Pvar 50 % and the optimal uniformity index. Potential, attainable, and observed yields were estimated using the average annual increase at seven years of age. The PW showed higher plant yield. There was an effect due to water availability and nutrient level on the yield of the stands. The driest semester of the year produces approximately 30 % of the current annual increase. The stands under the second rotation tend to have less uniformity than the in the first rotation. Potential yield varied depending on rainfall intensity where wetter regions had the highest yield.

Resumo As metas de Aichi, das quais o Brasil foi signatário, previam que, até 2020, pelo menos 17% de áreas terrestres e águas continentais e 10% das áreas marinhas e costeiras fossem englobados em áreas protegidas. Finalizado o prazo da meta, o Brasil conta, oficialmente, com 30% da área continental e 27% da área marinha protegidas, todavia distribuídas desigualmente em seu território. Neste estudo, computou-se a cobertura de 98 UCs e um corredor ecológico no estado do Ceará (CE) e foi avaliada sua distribuição entre os vários ambientes naturais do estado. Destarte, buscou-se avaliar a representatividade da conservação promovida pelas UCs em relação aos diferentes ecossistemas estaduais. Os resultados apontam que 92,4% da área protegida corresponde ao regime de Uso Sustentável, distribuída prioritariamente em ecossistemas de exceção do bioma Caatinga, como as áreas costeiras e encraves úmidos e sub-úmidos. Essas áreas apresentam relevância ambiental com rica biodiversidade e geodiversidadade, com interesse socioeconômico, mas o desenho atual de UCs deixou pouco protegida a vegetação de caatinga, ecossistema predominante do estado. Ademais, a predominância de UCs de uso sustentável trazem menos proteção jurídica para salvaguardar a biodiversidade, especialmente aquelas com baixo grau legal de proteção, como a categoria Área de Proteção Ambiental que corresponde à maior cobertura estadual. Conclui-se que a configuração espacial das UCs estaduais ainda está distante do ideal em termos de extensão e representatividade, com poucas áreas protegidas na vegetação de caatinga e pequena extensão de UCs de proteção integral.

Abstract Among the targets of the Aichi Accord, of which Brazil was a signatory, was the commitment to protect at least 17% of its terrestrial and continental waters and 10% of all marine and coastal areas by 2020. When the target window closed, Brazil had 30% of those projected continental and 27% of the marine areas protected. Those areas, however, are unevenly distributed throughout the country, with the Amazon region exceeding 30% of the projected protection, while only approximately 8% of the Caatinga region has been considered. In this study, we computed the coverage of 98 designated Conservation Areas (CAs) and an ecological corridor in Ceará State (CE) and evaluated their distributions among that state’s various natural environments. Our results indicated that 92.6% % of the total officially protected areas corresponded to Uso Sustentável categories (US), which means sustainable use in English ,largely distributed among ecosystems outside the Caatinga domain, including coastal areas and humid and sub-humid enclaves. Those CAs contain rich bio- and geo-diversities of significant socioeconomic interest, although they do little to protect caatinga vegetation - the predominant ecosystem in the state. Additionally, the predominance of US CAs provide limited legal safeguards to biodiversity, especially among those CAs with low levels of legal protection, such as the category of Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA), which means Environmental Protection Areas in English, which account for the greatest coverage in the state. We conclude that the spatial configuration of state CAs is distant from ideal in terms of their extensions and representativeness, with few areas of protected caatinga vegetation and limited areas with full protection.

ABSTRACT An extensive review of primary and secondary occurrence data, including several new records, of the South American native antlion Dimares elegans (Perty) revealed that this species is endemic to regions of stressful water regime (Caatinga, Cerrado, Chaco and temperate fields) and adjacent areas in Amazon rainforest, Atlantic forest and Pampas. Its known distribution is from Santarém, Pará state, northern Brazil to Río Negro, Chimpay, northwestern Argentina. The known distribution of the species in Brazil has been extended, registering several areas above the São Francisco River (former possible northeastern limit). New limits further east were established from new primary records. For the first time the species is registered from the Brazillian states of Maranhão, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Bahia, Goiáis, Tocantins, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil. Historical data of occurrence in Goiás (Cerrado) have been geopolitically rectified (Tocantins) and, present occurrence in Goiás is reported by primary data in two new localities. Antlions are mostly xerofilous species, however with recent data this species might present much wider distribution than restricted to seasonally dry forests.

ABSTRACT Pilot-scale test stations make it possible to obtain reliable and comparable results applicable to full–scale systems by conforming to specified proportional limits. Therefore, in this study, normal and frictional pressures were evaluated in a pilot-scale test station composed of a slender cylinder silo using maize, a free-flowing product, as the stored product. Temporal effects were analyzed and verified during filling, static, and discharge conditions. The maximum normal and frictional pressures were also evaluated. The results were compared with ISO 11697: 1995. During filling, accommodation peaks occurred only in the α: 30° hopper. In general, normal pressures were higher for the flat bottom whereas higher frictional pressures occurred for the 30° hopper. The maximum experimental pressures (normal and frictional) were lower than those provided by ISO 11697. Therefore, it is concluded that the coefficients used in the ISO standard are sufficient to promote safety in silo projects.

ABSTRACT Although the pattern of proinflammatory cytokines induced in COVID-2019 is similar to that of rheumatoid arthritis, the association of arthritis with SARS-CoV-2 infection is extremely rare and the symptoms are generally acute and self-limited. Herein we present the clinical case of a child who developed chronic arthritis after SARS-CoV-2 infection. An 11-year-old girl started with symptoms of multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 infection and subsequently developed chronic arthritis. After six weeks of arthritis, corticosteroids were started which resulted in clinical improvement after two weeks of use. Serology for SARS-CoV-2 was positive in the fifth week after symptom onset. Currently, the patient has no clinical complaints but continues to experience morning stiffness, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and synovial hypertrophy with no power Doppler signal on ultrasound. We alert to the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 may be a trigger of chronic arthritis.

Abstract In this paper we show how the IBM superconducting chips can be a powerful tool for teaching foundations of quantum mechanics for undergraduate students (for graduates as well, in some cases). To this end, we briefly discuss about the main elements of the IBM Quantum Experience platform necessary to understand this paper, i.e., how to implement operations and single-qubit measurements. We experimentally study the dynamics of single spin systems interacting with static and time-dependent magnetic fields. First, we study the resonant behavior of a single spin coupled to a time-dependent rotating magnetic field. To end, we study the Larmor precession phenomenon. In both cases we show the theoretical and real experimental implementation. This article could be useful in introductory courses on quantum mechanics and nuclear magnetic resonance foundations, for example.

ABSTRACT The need for treated water is essential for life. With the constant increase in population, the most common way to purify surface water is through conventional water treatment plants (WTPs). The high volume of residue (sludge) generated in this process is most often returned to the catchment site, negatively affecting the ecosystem. The sludge of WTPs is similar to soil because it is composed of inorganic solids. Adobe is a construction material made from water and soil without the burning process, so it is considered sustainable, recyclable, and energy-efficient and can be stabilized with various materials. Therefore, the objective of this work is to develop adobes using the sludge of WTPs and to analyse their physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Adobes were produced with five concentrations of sludge by mass: 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7%. It was observed that with the increase in the sludge concentration, there was an increase in the capillarity and a decrease in mass, the water absorption was limited to 3% of sludge, and there was an increase in the bulk density. The linear shrinkage, thermal conductivity and compressive strength were not influenced. The addition of WTP sludge altered some properties of adobe. The use of WTP sludge in adobe is limited to 3%; above that, the adobe becomes unstable in relation to water. Therefore, the use of WTP sludge in the manufacture of adobe is feasible in controlled concentrations and is a sustainable use of the residue.

ABSTRACT Adobe is an efficient construction material for several reasons, such as its thermal comfort, sustainability, and lower energy cost, as well as the simplicity of its production and execution. However, challenges such as water absorption, capillarity, and compressive strength should be investigated to improve its physical and mechanical properties. “Synthetic termite saliva” (STS) is an excellent stabilizer with high cohesive and hydrophobic power. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of STS incorporation into adobe, analyzing its physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Five treatments were studied: 0 (control); 0.1; 0.2; 0.4 and 0.8% STS by mass. These adobe samples were evaluated according to bulk density, linear shrinkage, capillarity, water absorption, thermal conductivity and compressive strength, according to Norma Técnica de Edificación (NTE) E0.80 testing using a new methodology. Linear shrinkage decreases from 2.7 to 1.91 cm with 0.4% STS. Capillarity decreases with the increasing amounts of STS. Water absorption decreased from 12.03 to 6.31% using 0.4% STS, and its mass was reduced from 779 to 19 grams. The thermal conductivity showed no differences between concentrations. The compressive strength was reduced but was still acceptable based on NTE E.080. The stabilization of the adobe using STS showed an improvement in its physical properties, mainly due to its hydrophobic power.

ABSTRACT Throughout their useful life structures demand monitoring to verify their conditions of use. Thus, the need arises to seek methodologies capable to evaluate displacements and deformations in structural components of buildings. The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique to analyze test specimen behavior during a static bending test, additionally a displacement map is presented. The PIV technique measures variations of position of a region in an object from consecutive images from a loading session. The tests were performed on wood of Pinus oocarpa and Eucalyptus grandis, plywood panels, laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and oriented strand board (OSB). The results obtained by the PIV technique were compared to values obtained from dial indicators. It was verified that in all the materials tested, the PIV technique presented results similar to those found in the dial indicators. By means of the Student t test, with a significance level of 1%, some regions of analysis the values found by the PIV technique and the dial indicators were statistically similar. For the analyzed regions that did not achieve statistical equality, a correction equation was calculated (R² higher than 0.99). It was concluded that the PIV technique, with properly adjusted setup, presented results similar to those obtained in the conventional tests, proving its accuracy and reliability in displacement measurements, with the advantage of being a non-destructive and contactless structure monitoring technique.