Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common leukemia in adults. Aim: To Describe our population of patients with AML and report the outcomes of our treatments. Material and Methods: Review of electronic clinical records of 114 patients with AML with a median age of 57 years (59% men). Results: Seventeen percent of patients were classified as low risk, 38% as intermediate risk and 33% as high risk. Seventy-six percent of patients were treated with intensive chemotherapy. Five years overall survival according to cytogenetic risk was 59, 41, and 12% in low, intermediate, and high-risk patients, respectively. The outcomes were better in patients under 60 years. The median survival of patients treated with intensive chemotherapy aged less than 60 years and 60 years and above was 3.4 and 1 year, respectively. Conclusions: Our results are comparable to those reported in developed countries. Improving the survival of patients 60 years and older is our main challenge.

Abstract Introduction Patients with benign or malignant blood disorders, who require allogeneic stem cell transplantation and lack an identical human leukocyte antigen HLA identicalHL sibling donor, could be transplanted with hematopoietic stem cells from unrelated adult or umbilical cord donors. However, in our country, both approaches are costly and time-consuming options. Methods Over the last few years, haploidentical modalities have been investigated as an alternative donor source, showing similar results to those obtained with identical HLA donors. We started using T-cell-replete haploidentical with post-transplant cyclophosphamide in 2012 and we presented our experience with patients undergoing haploidentical ransplantation compared to SIB. Results Since January 2012 to date, 91 allogeneic transplants have been performed, of which 49 were haploidentical and 42 were HLA identical. The mean age of the patients was 35 years (range: 17–62). The mean CD34/kg × 106 infused per group was 5.93 and 5.89, respectively. Time to granulocyte and platelet engraftment was 11 and 15 days, respectively, for haploidentical, and 12 and 14 days, respectively, for HLA identical (p = 0.10). The 100-day cumulative incidence of global acute GVHD was 34% for haploidentical and 29% for SIHLA identical (p = 0.9). The 2-year overall global graft-versus-host disease was 43% for haploidentical and 41% for HLA identical (p = 0.8). Overall survival, relapse, and transplant and relapse-related mortality were similar between both groups. Conclusion Our experience showed that haploidentical has similar outcomes to those obtained with HLA idential and can be performed in our country safely.

The carbon stock associated with tree biomass was estimated in evergreen forests near the town of Inío in Chiloé Island, Chile (43°21' S, 74°07' W), analyzing its relation with biotic and abiotic properties. A total of 14 sampling plots of 20x50 m were located at variable distances from Inío and different elevations, slopes and aspects. At each plot, tree density, incident solar radiation, and spectral vegetation indices were quantified based on LANDSAT satellite data. Total tree carbon stock was estimated for each tree species and in total, using known allometric biomass functions based on the diameter at breast height (DBH), of all the trees in the plot with DBH> 3 cm. Four plots presented post-fire conditions, where tree carbon content had a mean (± SE) 7.7 ± 0.78 Mg ha-1, while in the unburned plots it was 384.4 ± 120 Mg ha-1. After removing the value of one plot with high carbon content, the average was 189.7 ± 45.6 Mg ha-1. Most of the sampled properties had a limited correlation with tree carbon content (R² 0.31-0.69). However, the amount of carbon of Nothofagus nitida was related to the total tree carbon in all the plots (post-fire and unburned) with R² = 0.96. This model substantially simplifies sampling efforts, since only DBH data of N. nitida is needed for the analyses (average of 15 individuals per plot). The tree carbon stock of forests of this area is high when compared to other forest types of the world.

El reservorio de carbono asociado a la biomasa arbórea fue estimada en bosques siempreverdes cerca de Inío en la isla de Chiloé, Chile (43°21' S, 74°07' O), analizando su relación con propiedades bióticas y abióticas. Un total de 14 parcelas de 20x50 m fueron ubicadas a distancias variables de Inío y diferentes altitudes y pendientes. Para cada parcela, también se cuantificó la densidad total de árboles, radiación solar incidente e índices espectrales de vegetación basados en datos satelitales LANDSAT. El reservorio de carbono en los árboles por especie y total fue estimado usando funciones alométricas conocidas, basadas en el diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP), de todos los árboles de cada parcela con DAP > 3 cm. Cuatro parcelas presentaron una condición post-incendio, donde el contenido de carbono arbóreo promedio (± EE) fue de 7,7 ± 0,78 Mg ha-1, mientras que en las áreas no incendiadas fue de 384,4 ± 120 Mg ha-1. Después de remover una parcela con contenido de carbono alto, el promedio fue de 189,7 ± 45,6 Mg ha-1. La mayor parte de las variables muestreadas tuvieron una correlación limitada con el contenido de carbono arbóreo (R2 0,31-0,69). Sin embargo, la cantidad de carbono de Nothofagus nitida se relacionó con el total de carbono arbóreo en todos las parcelas (post-incendio y no incendiadas) con un R2 = 0,96. Este modelo simplifica el esfuerzo de muestreo sustancialmente, ya que solo requiere los datos de DAP de N. nitida para el análisis (promedio de 15 individuos por parcela). El reservorio de carbono arbóreo de bosques maduros en esta área es alto en comparación con otros tipos de bosque del mundo.

In Chile, Citronella mucronata is a tree species classified as "nearly endangered", highlighting the lack of quantitative information about their populations. The aim of this study was to provide knowledge about C. mucronata populations in secondary forests of Nothofagus obliqua in the Andes foothills of Maule region, central Chile. Specifically the goal was to examine the presence, abundance and associability of C. mucronata and its relation to landscape variables of the Andes foothills. A forest inventory was conducted with the setup of 197 clusters with five plots each. Moreover, a computation of a high resolution geomorphological index was obtained based on LiDAR remote sensing, which allowed establishing geographical distribution patterns of the species. In the sampling area, C. mucronata was present in 31.1%, the average abundance was 117 trees per hectare and the mean altitudinal distribution was 1.149 m a.s.l. with a 142 m interquartile range of the altitude reached preferably in well-drained areas as evidenced by the landform index values. Citronella mucronata was slightly associated with Aextoxicon punctatum, Aristotelia chilensis, Austrocedrus chilensis, Azara petiolaris, Cryptocarya alba, Laurelia sempervirens, Lomatia dentata, Luma apiculata, Maytenus boaria, Nothofagus obliqua, Persea lingue, Podocarpus salignus and Quillaja saponaria and not associated with Drimys winteri, Escallonia pulverulenta, Lithraea caustica, Lomatia hirsuta or Myrceugenia exsucca. Their density shows no significant correlation with the density of any other species. The study allowed deepening knowledge of the species in secondary forests of N. obliqua.

En Chile, Citronella mucronata es un árbol clasificado como "casi amenazado", destacándose la falta de información cuantitativa de sus poblaciones. El objetivo de este estudio fue aportar conocimiento sobre las poblaciones de C. mucronata en bosques secundarios de Nothofagus obliqua en la precordillera del Maule, Chile central. Específicamente, se examinó la presencia, abundancia y asociatividad de la especie y su relación con variables del paisaje de la precordillera andina. Se realizó un inventario forestal a partir de la instalación de 197 conglomerados de cinco parcelas cada uno. Además se realizó un cálculo de un índice geomorfológico de alta resolución obtenido por teledetección LiDAR, lo que permitió establecer la distribución geográfica de la especie. En el área de estudio, la presencia de árboles adultos de C. mucronata fue 31,1 %, la densidad fue 117 árboles ha-1, la altitud media fue de 1149 m s.n.m. con un rango intercuartilíneo de la distribución altitudinal de 142 m y se ubicó de preferencia en terrenos bien drenados. Citronella mucronata se asoció levemente a Aextoxicon punctatum, Aristotelia chilensis, Austrocedrus chilensis, Azara petiolaris, Cryptocarya alba, Laurelia sempervirens, Lomatia dentata, Luma apiculata, Maytenus boaria, Nothofagus obliqua, Persea lingue, Podocarpus salignus y Quillaja saponaria. No se asoció a Drimys winteri, Escallonia pulverulenta, Lithraea caustica, Lomatia hirsuta ni a Myrceugenia exsucca. La densidad de C. mucronata no presentó correlación significativa con la densidad de ninguna otra especie. El estudio permitió profundizar el conocimiento sobre la distribución de la especie en bosques secundarios de N. obliqua.