Resumen Con el fin de profundizar en el conocimiento sobre los efectos de determinados insectos sobre el registro óseo de la Depresión del río Salado, se desarrolló un experimento actualístico con la especie Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) y restos actuales de cuatro especies de fauna de diferentes tamaños (Myocastor coypus, Dasypus hybridus, Ovis aries, Oryctolagus cuniculus). D. maculatus es un coleóptero cosmopolita que coloniza carcasas que se encuentran en superficie y en etapas avanzadas de descomposición para consumir tejido muscular seco. Ocasionalmente, puede modificar los huesos y dejar marcas. En un contenedor se colocaron 15 unidades esqueletarias -con diferentes estados de integridad y cantidad de tejido muscular- y una colonia de D. maculatus; luego, se registraron semanalmente durante seis meses el estado de los restos y el comportamiento de los insectos. Se observó mayor actividad en especímenes fracturados y con tejido. Los huesos fueron limpiados y analizados con lupa trinocular (8-40x). Se registraron escasas estrías en tres especímenes, uno de ellos sin tejido fresco desde el inicio de la experiencia. Estos resultados contribuyen a la información disponible sobre las modificaciones de D. maculatus en el registro óseo y su rol como agente tafonómico.

Abstract To deepen the current knowledge about the effects of certain insects on the bone record of the Salado River Depression, we carried out an actualistic experiment using the species Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) and modern bones of four faunal species of different size (Myocastor coypus, Dasypus hybridus, Ovis aries, Oryctolagus cuniculus). D. maculatus is a cosmopolitan beetle that colonizes surface carcasses in advanced stages of decomposition to consume dry muscle tissue. Occasionally, it can modify the bones and leave marks. 15 skeletal units with different states of integrity and amount of muscle tissue were disposed in a container with a colony of D. maculatus; then, a weekly record for six months was made by observing changes in the remains and in the behavior of the insects. Greater activity was observed in fractured specimens and with tissue. Subsequently, the bones were removed, cleaned, and analyzed with a trinocular microscope (8-40x). Few striae were recorded only on three specimens, one of them without fresh tissue since the beginning of the experiment. These results contribute to the available data regarding the modifications of D. maculatus on the bone record and its role as a taphonomic agent.

Abstract Currently, the game is analyzed as an important element to motivate the interaction of users in different types of environments. This analysis has resulted in promoting different strategies to adapt elements of games and video games in contexts that are not designed as such, but in which it seeks to stimulate the participation of users. One strategy when applying game elements is to consider a user experience-centric model. However, to establish a game design in contexts where the collaborative aspect prevails, it is necessary to address specific strategies focused on your relationship with the community to which you belong. This article introduces the design of a gaded environment based on the G.A.M.E. conceptual framework for gathering, analysis, modeling, and execution, applied to a collaborative building community of knowledge of Good Horticultural Practices, complemented by a physical interface.

Resumen Actualmente, el juego es analizado como un elemento importante para motivar la interacción de usuarios en diferentes tipos de entornos. Este análisis ha derivado en promover diferentes estrategias para adaptar elementos propios de los juegos y los videojuegos en contextos que no están diseñados como tal, pero en los que se busca estimular la participación de los usuarios. Una estrategia al aplicar elementos de juego es considerar un modelo centrado en la experiencia del usuario. Sin embargo, para establecer un diseño de juego en contextos en donde prevalece el aspecto colaborativo, se requiere abordar estrategias específicas centradas en su relación con la comunidad a la que pertenece. Este artículo presenta el diseño de un entorno ludificado basado en el marco conceptual G.A.M.E. acrónimo de recopilación, análisis, modelado y ejecución (gathering, analysis, modeling and execution), aplicado a una comunidad de construcción colaborativa de conocimiento sobre Buenas Prácticas Hortícolas, complementado, además, con una interfaz física.

Resumo Atualmente, o jogo é analisado como um elemento importante para motivar a interação dos usuários em diferentes tipos de ambientes. Essa análise resultou na promoção de diferentes estratégias para adaptar elementos de jogos e videogames em contextos que não são desenhados como tal, mas nos quais busca estimular a participação dos usuários. Uma estratégia na aplicação de elementos de jogo é considerar um modelo centrado na experiência do usuário. No entato, para estabelecer um design de jogo em contextos onde o aspecto colaborativo prevalece, é necessário abordar estratégias específicas focadas em seu relacionamento com a comunidade à qual você pertence. Este artigo introduz o desenho de um ambiente gaded baseado no quadro conceitual G.A.M.E. para coleta, análise, modelagem e execução, (gathering, analysis, modeling and execution) aplicado a uma comunidade de construção colaborativa de conhecimento de Boas Práticas Horticulturais, complementado por uma interface física.

ABSTRACT This work aims to analize the forms of representation that trans and transvestite population asumme in published news of the newspapers Época, Corrientes Hoy and El Litoral digital portals in the city of Corrientes, Argentina, in order to identify the ways of categori zation of these identities in the periods before and after the enactment of the National Gender Identity Law N° 26.743. For this, the article tries to elaborate a critical analysis of the news starting from gender stu dies, the cultural studies and sociolinguistic analysis in dialogue with the biopolitical category of monstrosity.

Resumen Este trabajo, tiene como objetivo analizar las formas que asume la representación de la población trans y travesti en noticias publicadas en los portales digitales de los diarios Época, Corrientes Hoy y El Litoral, de la ciudad de Corrientes, Argentina, en vistas a identificar las formas de categorización de estas identidades en los periodos anterior y posterior a la sanción de la Ley Nacional de Identidad de Género núm. 26.743. Esto se puntualizará en un análisis crítico de las noticias que forman el corpus a partir de los estudios de género, los estudios culturales y los presupuestos del análisis sociolingüístico en diálogo con la categoría biopolítica de monstruosidad.

The objective of this work was to compare the effect of the application of different sources of phosphorus and sulfur (synthetic fertilizers, phosphate rock and gypsum) on soybean crop, and to evaluate the residuality of these nutrients according to the source of application in a typical Argiudol soil under no tillage system. The results obtained show that the fertilization with a mixed of phosphate rock and gypsum, allowed to obtain the same yields as the traditional fertilization. However, no residual effect of the phosphate rock on the soil extractable phosphorus and sulfur was measured.

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivos comparar el efecto de la aplicación de diferentes fuentes de fósforo y azufre (fertilizantes sintéticos, roca fosfórica y yeso) sobre el rendimiento del cultivo de soja, y evaluar la residualidad de estos nutrientes según la fuente de aplicación en un suelo Argiudol típico bajo siembra directa. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la fertilización combinada con roca fosfórica y yeso permitió obtener los mismos rendimientos que la fertilización tradicional. Sin embargo, no se encontró un efecto de residualidad del fósforo extractable y azufre medidos en el suelo asociado a las fuentes menos solubles.

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the external load of amateur male players during 4 consecutive training microcycles (M) at the beginning of the in-season according to the training session in absolute external load demands and in relation to the competition demands. Methods: Regional-level players (n = 10; age, 20.8 ± 1.7 years; height, 175.5 ± 3.8 cm; body mass, 69.7 ± 2.9 kg; soccer experience, 13.2 ± 2.5 years) were monitored using GPS devices during training sessions and matches. The external load variables measured were: duration (min); total distance covered (TD); distance covered at high-speed (HID, 14.4-19.8 km/h); distance covered at sprinting (SPD; >19.8 km/h); and distance covered in high intensity acceleration (ACD; >2.5 m/s2) and deceleration (DECD; <-2.5 m/s2). Results: The results indicated that the external load variables (time, HID, SPD, ACD, and DECD) were similar between the four microcycles. Greater (p<0.01) time, TD, HID and SPD were observed in match day (MD)-2 compared to MD+1, MD-3, and MD-1. Aside from training duration, all external loads variables (TD, HID, SPD, ACD, and DECD) were lower during training sessions compared to official matches (p<0.05). Conclusion: Amateur soccer players present relative stable external training loads across competitive microcycles, with the peak load observed two days before the official match. Besides this, the match constitutes the highest load during a typical competitive microcycle in this cohort of players.

Este artículo reporta una investigación-acción cuyo objetivo fue el diseño, aplicación y evaluación de una secuencia didáctica para enseñanza de inglés en grado primero de una escuela pública de Cali. Se presentan el contexto, las razones que originaron el estudio, el soporte teórico, la metodología y los resultados obtenidos. Los hallazgos sugieren que la propuesta didáctica fue de fácil uso para la docente, comprensible y acorde con el nivel de proficiencia de los estudiantes, dado su énfasis en las habilidades orales. Se concluyó que un material didáctico en este nivel debe ser acompañado del trabajo académico de los docentes de área y estar ligado a la realidad escolar.

This article reports an action-research project aimed at designing, applying, and assessing a didactic sequence for teaching English as a foreign language in the first grade of a public school in Cali. The article comprises the context, reasons that justified the research, theoretical support, methodology, and results, analyzed through descriptive statistics and a data matrix. The findings suggest that the didactic proposal was easy to use for the teacher, understandable for the students, and appropriate for the students’ proficiency level due to its emphasis on the oral skills. It was concluded that didactic material should follow the pacing of the teachers’ academic work and has to be closely linked to the reality of teachers and students.

<sec><title>Introduction</title><p> Parotid gland incidentalomas (PGIs) are unexpected hypermetabolic foci in the parotid region that can be found when scanning with whole-body positron emission/computed tomography (PET/CT). These deposits are most commonly due to benign lesions such as Warthin tumor.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p> The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of PGIs identified in PET/CT scans and to assess the role of smoking in their etiology.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p> We retrospectively reviewed all PET/CT scans performed at our center in search of PGIs and identified smoking status and standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in each case. We also analyzed the database of parotidectomies performed in our department in the previous 10 years and focused on the pathologic diagnosis and the presence or absence of smoking in each case.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p> Sixteen cases of PGIs were found in 4,250 PET/CT scans, accounting for 0.4% . The average SUVmax was 6.5 (range 2.8 to 16). Cytology was performed in five patients; it was benign in four cases and inconclusive in one case. Thirteen patients had a history of smoking. Of the parotidectomies performed in our center with a diagnosis of Warthin tumor, we identified a history of smoking in 93.8% of those patients.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p> The prevalence of PGIs on PET/CT was similar to that reported by other authors. Warthin tumor is frequently diagnosed among PGIs on PET/CT, and it has a strong relationship with smoking. We suggest that a diagnosis other than Warthin tumor should be considered for PGIs in nonsmokers.</p></sec>

El problema de la difícil degradación de los plásticos convencionales y su acumulación en el medio ambiente, ha conducido a investigadores a buscar materiales alternos, en el presente trabajo se buscó la obtención de películas elaboradas a base de almidón de yuca hidroxipropilado de la variedad CM 7137, el cual fue sometido a un proceso de plastificación con glicerina para posteriormente unirse con una mezcla binaria de ácido poliláctico (PLA) y policaprolactona (PCL) para obtener la película o mezcla ternaria de TPS, PLA y PCL a través de la técnica de extrusión. Para determinar las condiciones óptimas para la obtención de las películas se empleó un diseño experimental factorial 23, con 3 réplicas. Los resultados obtenidos se sometieron a la metodología de superficie de respuesta donde las variables de entrada fueron perfil de temperatura de la extrusión soplado, porcentaje de capsaicina y porcentaje de mezcla binaria, la variable de respuesta fue la elongación, en porcentaje. Las condiciones óptimas encontradas fueron 25% de mezcla binaria, perfil de temperatura de 140/145/155/150°C, y 0,5% de capsaicina, la cual de manera preliminar mostró un efecto antimicrobiano. Se observó que el material obtenido presentó mejores propiedades que las encontradas para películas a base de almidón nativo.

The problem of degradation of conventional plastics and therefore its accumulation in the environment, this has led to search for alternative materials, In this work the production of films prepared from cassava starch modified, variety CM 7137 is sought, which was subjected to a process of plasticization with glycerol to later join a binary mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) to obtain film or ternary mixture of TPS (Termo-Plastic Starch), PLA and PCL through extrusion technique. The optimal conditions for obtaining films were determined with factorial experimental design 23, with three replicates. The results obtained were subjected to the response surface methodology, where the input variables were temperature profile of the extrusion blown, and percentage of capsaicin and binary mixture, and the response variable was the elongation in percentage. The optimal conditions were 25% of a binary mixture, temperature profile 140/145/155/150°C, and 0,5% of capsaicin, which preliminarily showed an antimicrobial effect. It was observed that the material obtained had better properties than those found for films based on native starch.

O problema de degradação de materiais plásticos convencionais e por conseguinte, a sua acumulação no ambiente, o que levou a procurar materiais alternativos, neste trabalho foi procurado a obtenção de filmes preparados a partir de amido de mandioca modificado variedade CM 7137, que foi submetido a um processo de plastificação com glicerol para se juntar depois uma mistura binária de ácido poliláctico (PLA) e policaprolactona (PCL) para producir filmes ou mistura ternária de TPS, PLA e PCL através da técnica de extrusão.Para determinar as condições ideais para a obtenção dos filmes foi usado um planejamento fatorial 23 com três repetições. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à metodologia de superfície de resposta, em que as variáveis de entrada foram perfil de temperatura de extrusão blown, percentagem de mistura binária e capsaicina, ea variável resposta foi o alongamento em percentagem. As condições óptimas foram de 25% de mistura binária, o perfil de temperatura 140/145/155/150°C, e 0,5% de capsaicina, que mostraram um efeito antimicrobiano preliminarmente. Observou-se que o material obtido tinha propriedades melhores do que as encontradas para os filmes baseados em amido nativo.

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los efectos del incremento de los sólidos totales con lactosuero parcialmente desmineralizado en las determinaciones de flujo del Suero costeño. Los resultados muestran que el flujo fue de naturaleza no-newtoniana, las curvas se ajustaron mejor al modelo de Herschel-Bulkley, previamente evaluado por la ecuación de Casson. El aumento de los sólidos totales disminuye el índice de flujo (n), aumenta el umbral de fluencia (?0) y el coeficiente de consistencia (K), presentando un adelgazamiento por corte o cizalladura

The main objective in this study was to determine the effects of increment in total solids concentration with partially dematerialized whey for the flow determinations in Suero Costeño. The results shown that the increase in total solids concentration affects the rheological properties, like consistency coefficient (K) and an increment of the values of yield stress (?0), while the flow index (n) values slightly decreased, showing a leverage in shear-thinning behavior

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os efeitos do aumento de sólidos totais com soro parcialmente desmineralizado na determinação do fluxo de soro costenho. Os resultados mostram que o fluxo era de curvas não-newtoniano montado um modelo de Herschel-Bulkley, previamente avaliada pela equação de Casson. O aumento do teor de sólidos diminui a taxa de fluxo (n) aumenta a tensão de escoamento (?0) e o coeficiente de consistência (K), indicando uma tesoura de desbaste ou de corte.

INTRODUÇÃO: A valvuloplastia aórtica por balão voltou a ganhar interesse desde o início da era da substituição percutânea da valva aórtica, por ser um procedimento que pode ser repetido como ponte e também por ser boa estratégia para a seleção de pacientes para o novo procedimento. MÉTODO: De janeiro de 2001 a janeiro de 2009, 174 pacientes consecutivos com estenose aórtica sintomática grave e alto risco cirúrgico calculado pelo EuroSCORE/ STS foram submetidos a valvuloplastia aórtica por balão na França e na Argentina, utilizando-se a mesma técnica. Desse total, 21 (12,1%) precisaram repetir a valvuloplastia aórtica por balão em decorrência de reestenose e os resultados foram comparados aos dos 153 pacientes que realizaram somente o primeiro procedimento. A técnica mais utilizada foi o acesso retrógrado com abordagem femoral utilizando introdutores de 10 F, 12 F ou 14 F, com tamanhos de balão variando de 20 mm a 23 mm. RESULTADOS: A média de idade foi de 80,4 ± 9,7 anos e o EuroSCORE foi de 21 ± 2%. Abordagem femoral retrógrada foi utilizada em 95% dos casos. Os resultados do procedimento primário foram os seguintes: a área valvar aórtica aumentou de 0,9 ± 19 cm² para 1,02 ± 0,20 cm² e o gradiente médio caiu de 50 ± 21 mmHg para 22 ± 11 mmHg. Os resultados foram semelhantes após a repetição da valvuloplastia aórtica por balão em termos da área valvar aórtica, com melhora de 0,60 ± 0,1 cm² para 1,01 ± 0,25 cm² em um período de 13 ± 9 meses entre os dois procedimentos. As taxas de complicações hospitalares foram: morte, 3,3% vs. 9,5% (P = 0,20); acidente vascular cerebral embólico, 1,3% vs. 0 (P = 0,20); regurgitação aórtica maciça, 3,3% vs. 9,5% (P = 0,20); ruptura do balão, 1,3% vs. 0 (P = 0,20); tamponamento pericárdico, 0 vs. 5% (P = 0,12); e complicações vasculares, 3,9% vs. 9,5% (P = 0,25). No total, 48 pacientes (27,5%) foram selecionados como bons candidatos para substituição percutânea da valva aórtica durante o período de acompanhamento nos dois países, dos quais 36 realizaram o procedimento na França e 4, na Argentina. CONCLUSÕES: A repetição da valvuloplastia aórtica por balão é uma estratégia útil em pacientes idosos nãocirúrgicos com estenose aórtica sintomática grave para aliviar os sintomas após reestenose e como ponte para a substituição percutânea da valva aórtica. Essa técnica pode ser repetida com baixa taxa de complicações.

BACKGROUND: Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) has regained interest since the onset of percutaneous aortic valve replacement (PAVR) as it can be repeated as a bridge to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and is also a good strategy for patient selection. METHOD: From January 2001 to January 2009, 174 consecutive patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) and high surgical risk calculated by EuroSCORE/STS underwent BAV in France and Argentina using the same technique. Twenty one (12.1%) of these patients underwent repeat BAV for restenosis and the results were compared with those of the 153 patients undergoing the primary procedure. The most used technique was retrograde access by femoral approach, using 10, 12 or 14 F introducers, with balloons sizes ranging from 20 to 23 mm. RESULTS: Patients' mean age was 80.4 ± 9.7 years and EuroSCORE was 21 ± 2%. The retrograde femoral approach was used in 95% of the cases. Results of the primary procedure were as follows: aortic valve area (AVA) increased from 0.9 ± 19 cm² to 1.02 ± 0.20 cm² and mean gradient decreased from 50 ± 21 mmHg to 22 ± 11 mmHg. The results were similar after repeat BAV in terms of AVA, with an improvement of 0.60 ± 0.1 cm² to 1.01 ± 0.25 cm² in a period of 13 ± 9 months between the two procedures. The rates of complications were: death, 3.3% vs. 9.5% (P = 0.20); embolic stroke, 1.3% vs. 0 (P = 0.20); massive aortic regurgitation, 3.3% vs. 9.5% (P = 0.20); balloon burst, 1.3% vs. 0 (P = 0.20); pericardial tamponade, 0 vs. 5% (P = 0.12); and vascular complications, 3.9% vs. 0.5% (P = 0.25). Forty eight patients (27.5%) were selected as good candidates for PAVR during the follow up period in both countries. Thirty six patients underwent PAVR in France and four patients in Argentina. CONCLUSIONS: Repeat BAV is a useful strategy in nonsurgical elderly patients with severe symptomatic AS to relieve symptoms after restenosis and as a bridge to transcatheter aortic valve implantation. This technique can be repeated with low complication rates.