Objective: to evaluate the occurrence of polypharmacy and its association with the adherence to the pharmacological treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted with 235 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 through interview about the demographic and clinical data, drug therapy prescribed and adherence to treatment. To analyze the data, we used Student t-tests and Chi-square, with significance level p<0.05. Results: polypharmacy was evidenced in 88.4% of cases with a predominance of moderate level. An average of 7.5 pills per person among the 19 types of prescribed drugs were used. Adherence to prescribed therapy was reported by 88.2% of patients evaluated and there was no association with polypharmacy (p=0.266). Conclusion: it was verified that polypharmacy is a condition of high prevalence and is not associated with worse adherence to therapy.

Objetivo: avaliar a ocorrência da polifarmácia e sua associação com a adesão ao tratatamento farmacológico em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 235 portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 por meio de entrevista sobre os dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, a terapêutica medicamentosa prescrita e a adesão ao tratamento. Para análise dos dados foram utilizados os testes t de Student e qui-quadrado, com nível de significância p<0,05. Resultados: a polifarmácia foi evidenciada em 88,4% dos casos com predomínio da moderada. Foram utilizados, em média, 7,5 comprimidos por pessoa dentre os 19 tipos de fármacos prescritos. A adesão à terapêutica prescrita foi relatada por 88,2% dos pacientes avaliados e não houve associação com a polifarmácia (p=0,266). Conclusão: foi verificado que a polifarmácia é uma condição de elevada prevalência e não está associada a pior adesão à terapêutica.

OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study are to estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) in an adult population with a predominance of families with low education and income levels, in the hinterlands of Pernambuco, Brazil, and to analyze its association with other factors related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). METHODS: A cross-sectional study in 2008/2009 was conducted with a sample of 198 subjects stratified by age, and representative of the urban adult population of the Canaã district of city of Triunfo, in the hinterlands of Pernambuco, Brazil. RESULTS: One hundred ninety eight individuals with average age of 57.7 years old (31 to 90 years-old), mainly women (65.6%), and with low income and education levels (81.3% with a monthly income of less than one minimum wage) were evaluated. Among these, 127 (64.1%) were identified as having AH, 54 (42.5%) of whom had no prior diagnosis. From those who were previously diagnosed, only 31.3% had good blood pressure control. Higher prevalence was observed in those individuals with lower incomes, higher body mass indexes (BMI), and those with metabolic syndrome (MS). CONCLUSION: These data demonstrated that there was a high prevalence of AH in the urban, low education and income levels adult population of Triunfo, strongly associated with lower income levels, elevated BMI, and the presence of MS; and a high prevalence of bad blood pressure control among the previously diagnosed cases. These results indicate that more effective interventions for early detection and adequate control of this disease and its comorbidities are necessary.

OBJETIVOS: Tumores testiculares são uma rara condição associada à hiperplasia adrenal congênita (HAC) que decorrem da hiperplasia de restos adrenais intratesticulares (HRA), raramente ocorrendo associados a neoplasias malignas. Sua diferenciação histológica com tumores de células de Leydig é muito difícil, podendo levar a orquiectomias desnecessárias. O objetivo deste relato foi apresentar esse dilema diagnóstico em um paciente com HAC e tumores testiculares bilaterais. MÉTODOS: Relatou-se o caso de um paciente masculino, 16 anos, com diagnóstico de HAC desde os 3 anos de idade, que apresentava tumorações testiculares endurecidas, indolores e de crescimento lento, sendo encaminhado para orquiectomia bilateral. RESULTADOS: Foi decidido por tratamento conservador com prednisona, havendo significativa diminuição do volume testicular e normalização dos níveis de andrógenos. CONCLUSÃO: Este caso demonstra a importância de sempre se considerar a hipótese de HRA intratesticulares no diagnóstico diferencial dos tumores testiculares. A investigação e a conduta devem ser conduzidas de maneira cautelosa para se evitar orquiectomias desnecessárias.

OBJECTIVES: Testicular tumors are a rare condition associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), originated from intratesticular adrenal rest tumors, and they are rarely associated with malignant tumors. Their histological differentiation from Leydig-cell tumors is quite difficult, which would lead to inappropriate orchiectomies. Thus the objective of this report was to present this diagnostic dilemma. METHODS: Reported the case of 16-yr-old boy with previous diagnosis of CAH with bilateral testicular enlargement who was recommended to be submitted to a bilateral orchiectomy. RESULTS: Considering this findings, it was decided to treat conventionally with prednisone with significant reduction of testicular volume, and normalization of androgens levels. CONCLUSION: This case shows the importance of intratesticular adrenal rest tumors in the differential diagnosis of testicular tumors. Cautious approach during investigation and treatment are recommended to avoid inappropriate orchiectomies.