Resumen: La diversidad genética garantiza la evolución y adaptación de las poblaciones animales. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la diversidad genética de la población de toros Holstein Friesian importados al Ecuador entre los años 2000-2021, a través de su información genealógica. Fueron evaluados 273 toros, el estudio del flujo y relaciones genéticas incluyó el nombre; código internacional; país y fecha de nacimiento, complementado con la consanguinidad por pedigrí y genómica. Fue calculado el índice de mérito neto según el percentil del toro. Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo; y un análisis genético mediante el coeficiente de consanguinidad y el parentesco. Evidenciándose que la raza Holstein Friesian de Estados Unidos y Canadá representa el 89 % del flujo genético al Ecuador, fundamentalmente toros probados inactivos y de edad avanzada. Los que se encuentran por debajo del percentil 50, con bajo índice de mérito y afectados por el grado de parentesco.

Abstract Genetic diversity ensures the evolution and adaptation of animal populations. The research aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of the Holstein Friesian bull population imported to Ecuador between 2000-2021 through their genealogy information. Two hundred seventy-three bulls were assessed, and the study of flow and genetic relations included name, international code, country, and date of birth, complemented with pedigree and genome consanguinity. The net merit index was calculated according to the bull’s percentile. A descriptive statistical analysis and a genetic analysis employing the consanguinity coefficient and parenthood were carried out. Evidence that the Holstein Friesian breed from the United States and Canada represents 89% of the genetic flow to Ecuador, fundamentally tested tours inactive and of old age. Those below the 50 percentile have a low merit index and are affected by the degree of kinship.

Abstract Background The Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII) guidelines aim to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In Ecuador, 20% of people have high LDL cholesterol levels, and 39% have high triglyceride levels. Objective To analyze lipid-lowering regimens in Ecuadorian patients and determine the achievement rate of the ATPIII goals for lipid profile. Methods Using a retrospective analysis, 385 subjects older than 30 years, who received pharmacological treatment for dyslipidemia for at least three months was randomly selected from institutions at two large cities in Ecuador. Data were collected from patients’ medical records and analyzed by chi-square test or paired t-test; p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results Baseline total cholesterol values were above 200 mg/dL in 75% of subjects, LDL-c values above 129 mg/dL in 83% of subjects and triglycerides values above 150 mg/dL in 79% of subjects. Most (n = 253, 95.8%) patients at very high cardiovascular risk were taking statins, 50% of them atorvastatin. Considering the ATPIII guidelines’ goals, only 24 subjects (19%) at high CV risk achieved an LDL-c < 100 mg/dl, while a significantly lower percentage (p = 0.04) of patients at very high risk reached an LDL-c < 70mg/dl (11%; n = 30). Conclusion These data indicate a low rate of compliance with the ATPIII guidelines, independent of the medication used or duration of the treatment. This may be attributed to the prescription of low doses of medication and a therapy targeting isolated lipid fractions rather than a complete lipid profile. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; 33(4):371-376)