ABSTRACT A common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding program aims to obtain high yielding lines with quality bean seeds, disease resistance, and upright plant growth habit. The aims of this study were to evaluate the resistance of 527 common bean lines to the principal physiological races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum and the Fusarium oxysporum f. phaseoli; to estimate genetic parameters and verify the efficiency of the genealogical and bulk methods in conducting these lines. Of these 527 lines, 279 were conducted by the genealogical method and 248 by the bulk method. For the field experiment, the Federer augmented block experimental design was used. Two commercial cultivars carioca seed coat were used as controls for the lines the same color, and more two commercial cultivars for the black seed coat lines. The traits evaluated in the field were plant height (PH), plant growth habit (P), bean seed yield (BY), sieve yield (SY), and lightness of the bean seed coat (L). Of the 527 lines evaluated for anthracnose, 207 were resistant, 57 moderately resistant, and 263 susceptible. For fusarium wilt, 58 were resistant, 53 moderately resistant, and 96 susceptible. For the carioca seed coat lines obtained by the genealogical method, the heritability (h²) estimates stood out for P, BY, L at 40 d, and gain from selection for BY. The h² stood out for black seed coat lines in the PH and SY traits, it can be concluded that the lines obtained by the genealogical method had better performance for all the traits

RESUMO Frente ao impacto das questões climáticas e sua influência direta sobre a produção agrícola, o objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar genótipos superiores de feijoeiro comum submetidos ao déficit hídrico. Dessa forma, trinta genótipos de feijoeiro comum foram avaliados em condições controladas de casa de vegetação, sob delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições, sendo as parcelas constituídas pelos tratamentos hídricos (irrigado e déficit hídrico) e as subparcelas, pelos genótipos. Constatou-se variabilidade genética entre os acessos avaliados e, apesar da redução significativa da produtividade de grãos e da condutância estomática sob deficiência hídrica, as duas características apresentaram correlações significativas e positivas, podendo ser aplicadas na seleção precoce de genótipos neste tipo de condição de estresse. Outra importante resposta foi com relação aos genótipos SER-16, SEN 92, FT Paulistinha, Carioca Precoce, IAC Imperador e SXB 410 que apresentaram os melhores desempenhos produtivos nos dois tratamentos hídricos aplicados, podendo ser amplamente utilizados em programas de melhoramento para o desenvolvimento de novas cultivares, visando principalmente a característica de tolerância à seca.

ABSTRACT Given the impact of climate issues and their direct influence on agricultural production, the aim of this study was to identify superior genotypes of dry edible common bean under water deficit. Thus, 30 common bean genotypes were evaluated under controlled greenhouse conditions in a randomized block experimental design with split plots and four replications; the plots consisted of the water treatments (irrigated and water deficit) and the split plots consisted of the genotypes. The results showed genetic variability among the accessions evaluated, and in spite of significant reduction in grain yield and stomatal conductance under water deficit, these two traits showed significant, positive correlation and are able to be applied in early selection of genotypes under this stress condition. Another important response was in relation to the genotypes SER-16, SEN 92, FT Paulistinha, Carioca Precoce, IAC Imperador, and SXB 410, which showed the best yield performances in the two water treatments applied. They can be widely used in breeding programs for development of new cultivars, especially aiming at drought tolerance.