Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a ocorrência de carbamato de etila, o grau alcoólico e a acidez volátil em cachaças e aguardentes de cana. As amostras foram obtidas de fabricantes de São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo e Ceará, de sistema de produção em destilador de cobre ou coluna de aço inoxidável, e de estabelecimentos registrados ou não. As análises de acidez volátil e de grau alcoólico foram realizadas conforme metodologia descrita pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Os teores de carbamato de etila foram determinados pelo método de padronização externa, em sistema de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massa (CG/EM), utilizando-se o modo MSI (Monitoramento Seletivo de Íons) para a quantificação. Os valores obtidos para o grau alcoólico variaram de 32,4 a 49,2 ºGL, sendo o teor médio de 40, 4 ºGL. Observou-se que 17 (22,7%) das bebidas apresentaram o grau alcoólico abaixo de 38 ºGL, que representa o valor mínimo imposto pela legislação vigente. Somente uma cachaça apresentou o grau alcoólico acima de 48 ºGL, limite máximo para esta bebida. Dentre as bebidas analisadas, 24 (32%) apresentaram acidez volátil acima do limite máximo. Os valores obtidos das 75 bebidas para o carbamato de etila variaram de 20 a 948 µg/L, apresentando um teor médio de 378, 25 µg/L. Somente 10 das 75 bebidas apresentaram teores de carbamato de etila abaixo de 150 µg/L, que é o limite máximo permitido pela Instrução Normativa nº 13 de 21 de junho de 2005.

The objective of this work was to verify the occurrence of ethyl carbamate and to determine volatile acidity and alcoholic degree values in cachaça and in industria l sugar cane spirits. Samples were supplied by formal and informal, registered or not registered producers from São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo and Ceará, which use copper still or cotinuous stainless still columns. Analyses of volatile acidity and alcoholic degree values were carried out according to the methodology described by Agriculture, Livestock and Food Ministry. Contents of ethyl carbamate were determined by external standardization method in gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode for the quantification. Alcoholic degree values ranged from 32.4 to 49.2 ºGL, with a mean value of 40.4 ºGL. Seventeen out of 75 samples presented alcoholic degree values below 38 ºGL, which is the minimum value required by the current legislation in Brazil. Only one cachaça sample presented alcoholic degree value above 48 ºGL, the maximum legal limit for this beverage. Twenty-four (32%) out of 75 samples presented volatile acidity levels above the maximum legal limit. Values of ethyl carbamate for the 75 samples ranged from 20 to 948 µg/L, with a mean value of 378.25 µg/L. Only 10 of the 75 beverages presented ethyl carbamate values below 150 µg/L, which is the maximum limit to be allowed by Brazilian Normative Strunction no.13, June 21st, 2005.

Decreased gustatory and olfactory capacity is one of the problems caused by tobacco use. The objectives of this study were to determine the sensory profile of six grape nectar samples sweetened with different sweeteners and to verify the drivers of liking in two distinct consumer groups: smokers and nonsmokers. The sensory profile was constructed by twelve trained panelists using quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA). Consumer tests were performed with 112 smokers and 112 nonsmokers. Partial least squares regression analyses was used to identify the drivers of acceptance and rejection of the grape nectars among the two consumer groups. According to the QDA, the samples differed regarding six of the nineteen attributes generated. The absolute averages of the affective test were lower in the group of smokers; possibly because smoking influences acceptance and eating preferences, especially with regard to sweet foods. The results showed that the grape flavor was the major driver of preference for acceptance of the nectar, while astringency, wine aroma, bitterness and sweetness, and bitter aftertaste were drivers of rejection in the two groups of consumers, with some differences between the groups.

The objective of this study was to develop pitanga nectar formulations in which sucrose was replaced with different sweeteners. Consumer tests were conducted with 50 fruit juice consumers, and a just-about-right scale was used to determine the ideal pulp dilution and ideal sweetness with sucrose. Furthermore, the adequate concentrations of six sweeteners were determined to obtain the equivalent sweetness of sucrose using relative to these concentrations the magnitude estimation model with 19 selected assessors. The ideal dilution test resulted in 25% pulp, and the ideal sweetness test, 10% sucrose. Sweetener concentrations to replace sucrose were 0.0160%, 0.0541%, 0.1000%, 0.0999%, 0.0017%, and 0.0360%, respectively, for sucralose, aspartame, stevia 40% rebaudioside A, stevia 95% rebaudioside A, neotame, and a 2:1 cyclamate/saccharin blend. These results can be used to prepare pitanga nectar with different sweeteners and obtain the same sweetness intensity in less caloric products than that of nectar prepared with sucrose.

This paper aims to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics, sensory acceptance, and purchase intent of acerola nectar sweetened with sucrose and other sweeteners (neotame, sucralose and stevia extracts with 40%, 60%, 80%, and 95% rebaudioside A). The analyses were carried out for pH, soluble solids, total titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, and colorimetry (L*a*b). The acceptance test was performed by 120 consumers who evaluated the appearance, aroma, flavor, texture, and overall impression of the samples using a 9-cm unstructured hedonic scale. Furthermore, the consumers were asked to rate overall purchase intent along the scale anchored with (1) "would definitely not purchase" to (5) "would definitely purchase." The results were evaluated using analysis of variance/Tukey test and the internal preference mapping technique. The acerola nectar samples did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between themselves in terms of vitamin C content and total titratable acidity. As for appearance and aroma, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the samples, and as for flavor and overall impression, the most accepted samples were those with sucrose and sucralose. The internal preference mapping indicated that the most accepted samples were those with sucrose, sucralose, and neotame were. The highest frequency of positive purchase intent scores was observed for sucrose and sucralose.