Abstract Objective: To assess the predictive value of selected growth phenotypes for neonatal morbidity and mortality in preterm infants < 30 weeks and to compare them with INTERGROWTH-21st (IG21). Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from the Brazilian Neonatal Research Network (BNRN) database for very low birth weight (VLBW) at 20 public tertiary-care university hospitals. Outcome: the composite neonatal morbidity and mortality (CNMM) consisted of in-hospital death, oxygen use at 36 weeks, intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 or 4, and Bell stage 2 or 3 necrotizing enterocolitis. Selected growth phenotypes: small-for-gestational-age (SGA) defined as being < 3rd (SGA3) or 10th (SGA10) percentiles of BW, and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) as being > 97th percentile of BW. Stunting as being < 3rd percentile of the length and wasting as being < 3rd percentile of BMI. Single and multiple log-binomial regression models were fitted to estimate the relative risks of CNMM, comparing them to IG21. Results: 4,072 infants were included. The adjusted relative risks of CNMM associated with selected growth phenotypes were (BNRN/IG21): 1.45 (0.92–2.31)/1.60 (1.27–2.02) for SGA; 0.90 (0.55–1.47)/1.05 (0.55–1.99) for LGA; 1.65 (1.08–2.51)/1.58 (1.28–1.96) for stunting; and 1.48 (1.02–2.17) for wasting. Agreement between the two references was variable. The growth phenotypes had good specificity (>95%) and positive predictive value (70-90%), with poor sensitivity and low negative predictive value. Conclusion: The BNRN phenotypes at birth differed markedly from the IG21 standard and showed poor accuracy in predicting adverse neonatal outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción. La falta del cumplimiento terapéutico es un problema en el control de la hipertensión arterial. Objetivo. Caracterizar los pacientes no adherentes al tratamiento de hipertensión arterial en pobladores de la V Región Sanitaria del Paraguay. Material y Métodos: Estudio transversal que incluyó pacientes hipertensos conocidos que se encontraban en tratamiento para la hipertensión arterial. Se utilizó la Escala de adherencia a la medicación de Morisky 8 ítems que mide comportamientos de adherencia específicos asociados a la ingesta de medicamentos. Resultados. Se incluyeron 163 pacientes, todos considerados no adherentes al tratamiento según la Escala Morinsky MMAS-8. El 52,2% tenía más de 40 años, 66,3% del sexo femenino, 40,5% de nivel universitario, 57,1% casado y el 87,7% vive con la familia. El 66,9% informó trabajar hasta 8 horas por día y el 58,3% con ingresos mayores a 2 salarios mínimos. En cuanto al conocimiento el 53,9% fue alto. El 50% de los pacientes declaró utilizar plantas medicinales para su tratamiento, el 7,4% con depresión frecuentemente o casi siempre y el 22,1% ansiedad frecuentemente o casi siempre. En cuanto a las preguntas de no adherencia, el 53,4% olvidó tomar alguna vez su medicación o dejar de tomarla cuando siente que está bajo control (53,3%), el 44,2% deja de tomar su medicación porque se siente peor con ella y el 46,5% la olvida cuando viaja. Conclusión. La no adherencia en los pacientes de la V Región fue alarmante, por tanto, se deben de realizar medidas de acción respecto a las mismas.

ABSTRACT Introduction. The lack of therapeutic compliance is a problem to control high blood pressure. Objective. To characterize patients who do not adhere to the treatment of arterial hypertension in the V sanitary region of Paraguay. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in known hypertensive patients who were undergoing treatment for high blood pressure. The 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale was used, which measures specific adherence behaviors associated with medication intake. Results. 163 patients were included, all considered non-adherent to treatment according to the Morinsky MMAS-8 Scale. 52.2% were over 40 years old, 66.3% female, 40.5% with university level, 57.1% married, and 87.7% lived with their family. 66.9% reported working up to 8 hours per day and 58.3% with income greater than 2 minimum wages. Regarding knowledge, 53.9% was high. 50% of the patients declared using medicinal plants for their treatment, 7.4% with depression frequently or almost always and 22.1% with anxiety frequently or almost always. Regarding the non-adherence questions, 53.4% ever forgot to take their medication or stopped taking it when they feel they are under control (53.3%), 44.2% stop taking their medication because they feel worse with it and 46.5% forget it when traveling. Conclusion. The non-adherence in patients from Region V was alarming, therefore, action measures must be taken regarding them.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Kidney problems may be due to low birth weight alone or may occur in association with other conditions. The objective this study was to evaluate the association between maternal and birth characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and kidney function deficit in low birth weight infants. Methods: Cross-sectional study with children who were born weighing < 2500 grams and were under outpatient follow-up. Maternal factors investigated were prenatal care and presence of hypertension, diabetes, and infection during pregnancy. The children’s variables were sex, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, use of nephrotoxic medications, age, body weight at the time of evaluation, height, and serum creatinine and cystatin C dosages. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated with the combined Zapittelli equation. Multivariate logistic regression model was used for identification of associated factors, with renal function deficit (GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) as the dependent variable. Results: Of the 154 children evaluated, 34.42% had kidney function deficit. Most of them had a gestational age > 32 weeks (56.6%), a mean birth weight of 1439.7 grams, and mean estimated GFR of 46.9 ± 9.3 mL/min/1.73 m2. There was a significant association of GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with children’s current weight and use of nephrotoxic drugs. Discussion: Children born with low birth weight had a high prevalence of kidney function deficit and current normal weight was a protective factor while the use of nephrotoxic drugs during perinatal period increased the chance of kidney deficit. These findings reinforce the need to evaluate the kidney function in these children, especially those who use nephrotoxic drugs.

RESUMO Introdução: Problemas renais podem ser devido apenas ao baixo peso ao nascer ou podem ocorrer em associação com outras condições. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre características maternas e de nascimento, medidas antropométricas e déficit da função renal em bebês de baixo peso ao nascer. Métodos: Estudo transversal com crianças que nasceram com peso < 2500 gramas e estavam sob acompanhamento ambulatorial. Os fatores maternos investigados foram cuidados pré-natal e presença de hipertensão, diabetes e infecção durante a gravidez. As variáveis das crianças foram sexo, idade gestacional, peso ao nascer, índice Apgar, uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos, idade, peso corporal no momento da avaliação, altura e dosagens séricas de creatinina e cistatina C. A taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) foi estimada com a equação combinada de Zapittelli. Utilizou-se um modelo de regressão logística multivariada para identificação de fatores associados, com déficit da função renal (TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2) como variável dependente. Resultados: Das 154 crianças avaliadas, 34,42% apresentaram déficit da função renal. A maioria tinha idade gestacional > 32 semanas (56,6%), peso médio ao nascer de 1439,7 gramas, e TFG média estimada de 46,9 ± 9,3 mL/min/1,73 m2. Houve uma associação significativa da TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 com o peso atual das crianças e o uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos. Discussão: Crianças nascidas com baixo peso apresentaram alta prevalência de déficit da função renal e o peso atual normal foi um fator de proteção, enquanto o uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos durante o período perinatal aumentou a chance de déficit renal. Estes achados reforçam a necessidade de avaliar a função renal destas crianças, especialmente aquelas que usam medicamentos nefrotóxicos.

Abstract Prolonged overexposure to catecholamines causes toxicity, usually credited to continuous adrenoceptor stimulation, autoxidation, and the formation of reactive pro-oxidant species. Non-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells were used to study the possible contribution of oxidative stress in adrenaline (ADR)-induced neurotoxicity, as a model to predict the toxicity of this catecholamine to peripheral nerves. Cells were exposed to several concentrations of ADR (0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1mM) and two cytotoxicity assays [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction] were performed at several time-points (24, 48, and 96h). The cytotoxicity of ADR was concentration- and time-dependent in both assays, since the lowest concentration tested (0.1mM) also caused significant cytotoxicity at 96h. N-acetyl-cysteine (1mM), a precursor of glutathione synthesis, prevented ADR-induced toxicity elicited by 0.5mM and 0.25mM ADR following a 96-h exposure, while the antioxidant Tiron (100µM) was non-protective. In conclusion, ADR led to mitochondrial distress and ultimately cell death in non-differentiated SH-SY5Y cells, possibly because of ADR oxidation products. The involvement of such processes in the catecholamine-induced peripheral neuropathy requires further analysis.

ABSTRACT: Diseases related to lipid metabolism disorders are reported in several orders of birds, especially in psittacines, and include obesity, atherosclerosis, hepatic lipidosis, egg yolk coelomitis, lipomas, liposarcomas, xanthomas and xanthogranulomas. This study describes epidemiological, clinical and anatomopathological aspects of 28 cases involving lipid-related lesions in wild and pet birds from Northeastern Brazil. The cases were selected from 313 avian patients referred to the UFPB Veterinary Hospital from 2018 to 2022. Lipid-related tumors were the most frequent lesions, followed by obesity, hepatic steatosis, egg yolk coelomitis, atherosclerosis and lipemia. The Psittaciformes order was the most affected, and an erroneous diet (excess consumption of sunflower seeds, bread, crackers, rice, etc.) was identified as the main risk factor for the development of these lesions, which reinforces the need to warn bird owners and caretakers about the importance of adequate nutrition. Forty-nine percent of the reported tumors were in the pericloacal region, which makes lipomas and xanthomas an important differential diagnosis for nodules in this location of birds, especially psittacids.

RESUMO: Doenças relacionadas à desordens no metabolismo dos lipídeos são reportadas em diversas ordens de aves, especialmente em piscítacídeos e incluem obesidade, aterosclerose, lipidose hepática, celomite por gema de ovo, lipomas, lipossarcomas, xantomas e xantogranulomas. Este estudo descreve aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e anatomopatológicos de 28 casos envolvendo lesões relacionadas a lipídeos em aves silvestres e pet no Nordeste Brasileiro. Os casos foram selecionados de um total de 313 aves atendidas entre 2018 e 2022 no Hospital Veterinário da UFPB. Tumores relacionados a lipídeos foram as lesões mais relatadas, seguido por obesidade, esteatose hepática, celomite por gema de ovo, aterosclerose e lipemia. A ordem Piscitaciforme foi a mais acometida e dieta errônea (Excesso de sementes de girassol, pão, bolacha, arroz, etc.) foi identificado como o principal fator de risco para o desenvolvimento das lesões, o que reforça a necessidade de advertir os tutores quanto a importância da alimentação adequada. Quarenta e nove por cento dos tumores relatados estavam na região pericloacal, o que torna lipomas e xantomas um diagnóstico diferencial importante para nódulos nessa localização em aves, principalmente psitacídeos.

Resumen En este artículo, revisamos las diferentes formas en las que las teorías de los estudios sociales han afectado la educación matemática. Estas aportan puntos de vista críticos y movimientos de resistencia en este campo. Específicamente, consideramos las contribuciones de la teoría marxista a la educación matemática crítica. También exploramos la influencia de algunos postestructuralistas, como Foucault y Deleuze, en el movimiento sociopolítico de la educación matemática. En todos los casos, criticamos la neutralidad de las matemáticas y la educación matemática, en términos de los puntos de vista relativos al poder que propone cada teoría. Finalmente, presentamos ejemplos de las resistencias al uso de la educación matemática como una herramienta que responde a los intereses económicos y al poder de los discursos hegemónicos.

Resumo Neste artigo, fazemos uma revisão das diferentes maneiras pelas quais as teorias dos estudos sociais afetaram a educação matemática. Tais teorias trazem pontos de vista críticos e movimentos de resistência no ensino de matemática. Especificamente, consideramos as contribuições da teoria marxista para a educação matemática crítica. Também exploramos a influência de alguns pós-estruturalistas, como Foucault e Deleuze, no movimento sociopolítico da educação matemática. Em todos os casos, criticamos a neutralidade das matemáticas e da educação matemática em termos das visões de poder de cada teoria. Por fim, apresentamos exemplos de resistências ao uso da educação matemática como ferramenta que responde aos interesses económicos e ao poder dos discursos hegemónicos.

Abstract In this article, we review the different ways in which social studies' theories have affected mathematics education. Such theories bring critical views and resistance movements in mathematics education. Specifically, we regard contributions from Marxist theory to Critical Mathematics Education. We also explore the influence of some poststructuralists, such as Foucault and Deleuze, to the sociopolitical movement in mathematics education. In all the cases, we criticize the neutrality of mathematics and mathematics education in terms of each theory's views of power. Finally, we introduce examples of the resistances to the use of mathematics education as a tool that responds to economic interests and to the power of hegemonic speeches.

Resumen En México persiste la necesidad de mejorar la calidad educativa, lo que incluye evaluar la eficacia docente; sin embargo, evaluar el desempeño profesional es una tarea compleja. Investigaciones en el tema coinciden en que se requiere la aplicación de modelos integrales, basados en estándares e indicadores múltiples. Este artículo analiza cualitativamente las percepciones y experiencias de un grupo de docentes que laboran en escuelas primarias públicas ubicadas en ocho Estados de la República, acerca del proceso de evaluación del servicio profesional del que formaron parte en el marco de la Reforma Educativa implementada durante el sexenio 2012-2018. Los participantes señalaron estar a favor de la evaluación, consideran que sirve para conocer sus aspectos positivos y áreas de oportunidad, y que requieren procesos de formación y actualización constante que les ayude en su trabajo. Identificaron dificultades en la implementación del proceso evaluativo: se adoptaron aspectos de otros contextos que no se adecuaron a las particularidades del país; la evaluación se basó en amenazas, lo que desmotivó a los docentes; hubo mucha incertidumbre y problemas de comunicación.

Abstract In Mexico, the need to improve educational quality persists, which includes evaluating teacher effectiveness. However, evaluating professional performance is a complex task. Research on the subject agrees that the application of comprehensive models, based on standards and multiple indicators, is required. This article qualitatively analyzes the perceptions and experiences of a group of elementary school teachers in the public system -from eight States of the Mexican Republic- about the process of professional evaluation they were part of, in the framework of the Educational Reform implemented during the six-year term 2012-2018. The participants indicated that they were in favor of the evaluation, they considered that it serves to know their positive aspects and areas of opportunity, and that they require constant training and updating processes to help them in their work. They also identified difficulties in the implementation of the evaluation process: aspects from other contexts were not adapted to the particularities of Mexico; the evaluation was based on threats, which demotivated teachers; and uncertainty and miscommunication was a big issue.

Abstract The small red brocket deer, Mazama bororo Duarte, 1996 was described based on karyotypical and morphological characters. However, the original description of Mazama americana jucunda suggested that this subspecies could represent the same taxon as Mazama bororo. This assumption was based on the type locality of Mazama americana jucunda and on morphological similarities between Mazama americana jucunda and Mazama bororo. To solve this question, we obtained DNA sequences of the holotype of Mazama americana jucunda and compared it with other species of Mazama, including the holotype of M. bororo. A phylogenetic tree was obtained to verify the relationships among these taxa. The results clearly showed that M. americana jucunda and M. bororo represent the same biological entity. Therefore, the oldest name available for the small red brocket occurring in the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil should be Mazama jucunda, remaining M. bororo as a junior synonym. We emphasise the importance of using DNA from museum specimens, especially from holotypes, in order to obtain a more accurate taxonomic identification. We also highlight the importance of application of valid names for labelling all aspects of biodiversity research, as well as for monitoring and conservation efforts.

Resumo Os mamíferos são organismos carismáticos que desempenham um papel fundamental na função ecológica e nos serviços ecossistêmicos, como polinização, dispersão de sementes, ciclagem de nutrientes e controle de pragas. O Estado de São Paulo representa apenas 3% do território brasileiro, mas detém 33% da diversidade de mamíferos. A maior parte de seu território é dominado pela agricultura, pastagens e áreas urbanas que afetam diretamente a diversidade e a persistência dos mamíferos na paisagem. Além disso, São Paulo possui o maior porto da América Latina e o maior reservatório de petróleo costeiro do Brasil, com 600 km de extensão de litoral com diversas espécies de mamíferos marinhos. Essas infraestruturas afetam a diversidade, distribuição, ecologia e o futuro dos mamíferos no estado. Aqui, respondemos cinco perguntas principais: 1) Qual é a diversidade de mamíferos silvestres no Estado de São Paulo? 2) Onde eles ocorrem? 3) Qual é o seu impacto positivo e negativo no bem-estar humano? 4) Como os mamíferos persistem em paisagens modificadas pelo homem? 5) Qual é o futuro dos mamíferos no estado? O estado de São Paulo possui 255 espécies de mamíferos nativos, com quatro espécies endêmicas, duas delas globalmente ameaçadas de extinção. Pelo menos seis espécies (dois marsupiais, ariranha, veado-campeiro, veado-cambuta e tatu-canastra) foram extirpadas do estado devido à caça e perda de habitat. O intenso uso humano da terra no estado forçou muitas espécies de mamíferos a mudar sua dieta para lidar com a intensa fragmentação e agricultura. A monocultura em larga escala facilitou a invasão de espécies exóticas, como porcos selvagens (javaporco) e a lebre europeia. Várias espécies de áreas abertas estão expandindo suas áreas de distribuição (lobo-guará, veado-catingueiro) sobre áreas desmatadas e provavelmente refletem mudanças em direção a um clima mais seco. Como o estado possui o maior sistema rodoviário do Brasil, cerca de 40 mil mamíferos de 33 espécies são mortos por ano em colisões, causando um prejuízo econômico de 12 milhões de dólares/ano. A diversidade de mamíferos está concentrada nos maiores remanescentes florestais da Serra do Mar e no interior do Estado, principalmente nas regiões de Ribeirão Preto e Jundiaí. As lacunas amostrais estão concentradas em todo o interior do estado, principalmente na região noroeste. Os mamíferos silvestres desempenham um papel fundamental em muitos serviços ecossistêmicos, mas também podem ser uma preocupação em trazer novas doenças emergentes para as populações humanas. Embora a taxonomia de mamíferos pareça ser bem conhecida, mostramos que novas espécies estão sendo continuamente descobertas no estado. Portanto, pesquisas usando tecnologias tradicionais e novas (eDNA, iDNA, drones), monitoramento populacional de longo prazo, a investigação da interface do conflito homem-vida selvagem e a compreensão do papel único no ecossistema desempenhado pelos mamíferos são um caminho futuro para promover uma paisagem verde sustentável aliada ao bem-estar humano no estado. O plantio de corredores florestais ou de cerrado, principalmente junto aos principais sistemas fluviais, no planalto, o controle da caça ilegal nas áreas costeiras, o manejo dos regimes de fogo no Cerrado e a mitigação dos atropelamentos devem ser uma prioridade para proteger essa notável diversidade de mamíferos.

Abstract Mammals are charismatic organisms that play a fundamental role in ecological functions and ecosystem services, such as pollination, seed dispersal, nutrient cycling, and pest control. The state of São Paulo represents only 3% of the Brazilian territory but holds 33% of its mammalian diversity. Most of its territory is dominated by agriculture, pastures, and urban areas which directly affect the diversity and persistence of mammals in the landscape. In addition, São Paulo has the largest port in Latin America and the largest offshore oil reservoir in Brazil, with a 600 km stretch of coastline with several marine mammal species. These human-made infrastructures affect the diversity, distribution, ecology, and the future of mammals in the state. Here, we answer five main questions: 1) What is the diversity of wild mammals in São Paulo state? 2) Where are they? 3) What is their positive and negative impact on human well-being? 4) How do mammals thrive in human-modified landscapes? 5) What is the future of mammals in the state? The state of São Paulo holds 255 species of native mammals, with four endemic species, two of them globally endangered. At least six species (two marsupials, Giant otter, Pampas deer, Brazilian dwarf brocket deer, and Giant armadillo) were extirpated from the state due to hunting and habitat loss. The intense human land use in the state forced many mammalian species to change their diet to cope with the intense fragmentation and agriculture. Large-scale monoculture has facilitated the invasion of exotic species such as wild boars (javali) and the European hare. Several “savanna-dwelling” species are expanding their ranges (Maned wolf, Brocket deer) over deforested areas and probably reflect changes towards a drier climate. Because the state has the largest road system, about 40,000 mammals from 33 species are killed per year in collisions causing an economic loss of 12 million dollars/year. The diversity of mammals is concentrated in the largest forest remnants of Serra do Mar and in the interior of the State, mainly in the regions of Ribeirão Preto and Jundiaí. Sampling gaps are concentrated throughout the interior of the state, particularly in the northwest region. Wild mammals play a fundamental role in many ecosystem services, but they can also be a concern in bringing new emergent diseases to humans. Although the taxonomy of mammals seems to be well known, we show that new species are continuously being discovered in the state. Therefore, continuous surveys using traditional and new technologies (eDNA, iDNA, drones), long-term population monitoring, investigation of the interface of human-wildlife conflict, and understanding of the unique ecosystem role played by mammals are future avenues for promoting sustainable green landscapes allied to human well-being in the state. The planting of forest or savanna corridors, particularly along with major river systems, in the plateau, controlling illegal hunting in the coastal areas, managing fire regimes in the Cerrado, and mitigating roadkill must be prioritized to protect this outstanding mammal diversity.

Resumen: Este texto presenta los resultados de la investigación Cibercultura y Resistencia: luchas de género en internet, que tuvo por objeto de estudio las prácticas digitales como acciones contemporáneas de los movimientos sociales, en particular las prácticas de quienes trabajan por los derechos sexuales y reproductivos en América Latina y su vínculo con la Bioética social como dimensión comprensiva de las tensiones culturales. La fundamentación teórica presenta el ciberespacio como escenario sociopolítico, cultural y económico. El diseño metodológico propuso la etnografía virtual para caracterizar la emergencia de formas de ciudadanía digital a través del ciberactivismo de género. Se analizaron las prácticas de veinticinco organizaciones sociales en total, con tres perfiles específicos: feminista, nuevas masculinidades y diversidad sexual, en cinco países de Latinoamérica. Se observaron las redes sociales Facebook, Twitter y páginas web, a través de un kit de etnografía virtual diseñado por el proyecto que incluyó fichas de registro, un banco de imágenes y diverso material multimedia. Los resultados presentan el análisis de narrativas textuales y visuales de estas prácticas, tanto en su dimensión Bioética como política. Se demostró cómo el activismo digital ha facilitado la ocupación del espacio público en la sociedad de la información y genera procesos de participación política con actores y acciones emergentes por fuera de las prácticas convencionales.

Summary: This text presents the results of a research on Cyberculture and Resistance: gender struggles on the internet, which aimed to study digital practices as contemporary actions of social movements, particularly the practices of those who work for sexual and reproductive rights in Latin America and its link with social bioethics as a comprehensive dimension of cultural tensions. The theoretical foundation presents cyberspace as a socio-political, cultural, and economic scenario. The methodological design proposed virtual ethnography to characterize the emergence of digital citizenship forms through gender cyberactivism. Practices of twenty-five social organizations in total were analyzed, with three specific profiles: feminist, new masculinities, and sexual diversity, in five Latin American countries. Facebook, Twitter, and webpages are observed through a virtual ethnography kit designed by the project, which included registration sheets, an image bank and different multimedia material. The results present the analysis of textual and visual narratives of these practices, both in their bioethical and political dimension. It demonstrated how digital activism facilitated the occupation of public space in the information society and the generation of processes for political participation with emerging stakeholders and actions outside conventional practices.

Resumo: Este texto apresenta os resultados da pesquisa Cibercultura e Resistência: Lutas de Gênero na Internet, que teve como objetivo estudar as práticas digitais como ações contemporâneas dos movimentos sociais, em particular as práticas daqueles que trabalham pelos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos na América Latina e sua ligação com a Bioética social como dimensão abrangente das tensões culturais. Os fundamentos teóricos apresentam o ciberespaço como um cenário sociopolítico, cultural e económico. O desenho metodológico propôs a etnografia virtual para caracterizar o surgimento de formas de cidadania digital por meio do ciberativismo de gênero. Analisamos as práticas de vinte e cinco organizações sociais no total, com três perfis específicos: feminista, novas masculinidades e diversidade sexual, em cinco paises latino-americanos. As redes sociais Facebook, Twitter e sites foram observados por meio de um kit de etnografia virtual desenhado pelo projeto e que incluía fichas de registro, um banco de imagens e vários materiais multimidia. Os resultados apresentam a análise das narrativas textuais e visuais dessas práticas, tanto em suas dimensões Bioéticas quanto politicas. Foi demonstrado como o ativismo digital tem facilitado a ocupação do espaço público na sociedade da informação e gera processos de participação politica com atores e ações emergentes que se encontram fora das práticas convencionais.

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o efeito agudo de uma sessão de exercício resistido nas respostas cardiovasculares e perceptivas utilizando a velocidade de movimento lenta em comparação com a velocidade de movimento tradicional em idosas hipertensas. Pesquisa experimental desenvolvida com onze mulheres idosas (66,5± 4,8 anos) ativas e com hipertensão controlada por medicamentos na cidade de Tabuleiro do Norte, Ceará, Brasil. As idosas foram submetidas aleatoriamente para uma sessão de ER com 60% de 1 RM com velocidade de movimento lenta ou tradicional. Pressão arterial sistólica, pressão arterial diastólica, frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial média e duplo produto foram mensuradas pré exercício e após as sessões durante uma hora. A análise pós exercício mostrou redução mais acentuada nos valores de pressão arterial sistólica, frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial média e duplo produto (p< 0,05) na velocidade de movimento lenta em comparação com os valores de linha de base, no entanto, não houve diferenças significativas na hipotensão pós exercício entre as velocidades de contração (p> 0,05). Foram encontradas diferenças na percepção subjetiva de esforço (p= 0,007). A velocidade de movimento lenta e velocidade de movimento tradicional promoveram hipotensão pós exercício em mulheres idosas hipertensas sob medicação.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to analyze the acute effect of a resistance exercise session on cardiovascular and perceptual responses using the slow movement speed compared to the traditional movement speed in hypertensive elderly women. Experimental research was carried out with eleven elderly women (66.5± 4.8 years) active and with medication-controlled hypertension in the city of Tabuleiro do Norte, Ceará, Brazil. The elderly women were randomly submitted to a RE session with 60% of 1 RM with slow movement speed or traditional. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, mean blood pressure, and double product were measured before exercise and after sessions for one hour. The post-exercise analysis showed a more marked reduction in systolic blood pressure, heart rate, mean blood pressure, and double product values (p< 0.05) in slow movement speed compared to baseline values, however, there were no significant differences in post-exercise hypotension between contraction speeds (p> 0.05). Differences were found in the rating of perceived exertion (p= 0.007). Slow movement speed and traditional movement speed promoted post-exercise hypotension in elderly hypertensive women on medication.

ABSTRACT The aim of the present meta-analytical study was to evaluate the effect of glycerol in the diet on the productive performance, nutrient digestibility and the characteristics of the carcass and meat of fattening goats. A systematic review was made using the Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and SciELO databases. Keywords such as crude glycerine, intake, goat, kids, carcass, meat quality were used. As inclusion criteria of the scientific articles, the presence of a control treatment (0% glycerol) and at least a percentage of glycerol in the diet, data regarding the digestibility of nutrients, productive response, characteristics of the carcass and meat and glycerol level in crude glycerin were considered in papers published between 2014 and 2019. In total, 56 articles were selected, of which 11 met the inclusion criteria. Given the heterogeneity or amplitude of the glycerol levels, the levels were grouped: 0, 1.27-4.38 and 6.40-9.60% of glycerol based on the dry matter of the diet. Normality, variance and regression analyses were performed from the data of each variable within each level of glycerol in the diet. The high variation of glycerol levels in crude glycerine was evidenced. Glycerol up to 9.60% in the diet does not compromise digestibility, consumption, main characteristics of the carcass and goat meat.

RESUMEN El objetivo del presente estudio meta-analítico fue evaluar el efecto del glicerol en la dieta sobre el comportamiento productivo, digestibilidad de nutrientes y las características de la canal y carne de cabras en engorde. Se hizo una revisión sistemática utilizando las bases de datos de Google Scholar, ScienceDirect y SciELO. Palabras clave como crude glycerin, intake, goat, kids, carcass, meat quality fueron utilizados. Como criterios de inclusión de los artículos científicos se consideraron la presencia de un tratamiento testigo (0% de glicerol) y por lo menos un porcentaje de glicerol en la dieta, datos referentes a la digestibilidad de los nutrientes, respuesta productiva, características de la canal y carne y nivel de glicerol en la glicerina bruta en trabajos publicados entre 2014 y 2019. Se seleccionaron 56 artículos, de los cuales 11 reunieron los criterios de inclusión. Ante la heterogeneidad o amplitud de los niveles de glicerol, los niveles fueron agrupados: 0, 1.27-4.38 y 6.40-9.60% de glicerol en base a la materia seca de la dieta. Análisis de normalidad, variancia y de regresión fueron realizadas a partir de los datos de cada variable dentro de cada nivel de glicerol en la dieta. Se evidenció la alta variación de los niveles de glicerol en glicerina bruta. Glicerol hasta 9.60% en la dieta no compromete la digestibilidad, consumo, principales características de la canal y carne de cabra.

ABSTRACT Objective. To evaluate the quantitative characteristics of the carcass and chemical composition of the meat of purebred Santa Inês (SI) lambs and crosses with Dorper (DO-SI) or Texel (TX-SI), finished in feedlot or semi-feedlot, through a meta-analysis. Materials and methods. Virtual databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct and Scielo were used to select scientific articles published from 2000 to 2019. Keywords such as genotype, lambs, carcass characteristics and meat quality, both in Spanish, Portuguese and English were used as criteria for the inclusion of articles. From each genetic group were evaluated: animal performance, quantitative characteristics of the carcass, carcass cuts and chemical composition of the meat. These variables were included in the analysis from 37 scientific articles. Results. Final body weight, hot carcass weight, cold carcass yield and muscle percentage do not differ between the different genetic groups evaluated. DO-SI lambs showed higher dry matter intake, daily weight gain, loin eye area and loin percentage. Chemical composition was not influenced by the genetic groups. Conclusions. In a tropical and subtropical environment, purebred lambs SI finished in feedlot or semi-feedlot have quantitative characteristics of the carcass and chemical composition similar to DO-SI and TX-SI lambs.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Evaluar las características cuantitativas de la canal y composición química de la carne de corderos puros Santa Inés (SI) y cruces con Dorper (DO-SI) o Texel (TX-SI), terminados en confinamiento o semiconfinamiento, mediante un meta-análisis. Materiales y métodos. Bases de datos virtuales como Google Scholar, Science Direct y Scielo fueron utilizados para seleccionar los artículos científicos publicados desde el año 2000 a 2019. Palabras clave como genotipo, corderos, características de la canal y calidad de la carne, tanto en idioma español, portugués e inglés fueron utilizadas como criterios de inclusión de los artículos. De cada grupo genético, fueron evaluados: desempeño animal, características cuantitativas de la canal, cortes de la canal y composición química de la carne. Todos fueron incluidos en el análisis proveniente de 37 artículos científicos. Resultados. Peso corporal final, peso de la canal caliente, rendimiento de la canal fría y porcentaje de músculo no difieren entre los diferentes genotipos evaluados. Corderos DO-SI presentaron mayor consumo de materia seca, ganancia diaria de peso, área de ojo de lomo y porcentaje de lomo. Composición química no fue influenciada por los genotipos. Conclusiones. En ambiente tropical y subtropical, corderos puros SI terminados en confinamiento o semiconfinamiento presentan características cuantitativas de la canal y composición química similar a los corderos de cruces DO-SI y TX-SI.

Abstract Deer are sensitive to stressful stimuli by handling and their reproductive physiology could be altered by these procedures, making it necessary to develop less invasive protocols for ART. Melengestrol acetate (MGA), a synthetic progestin administered orally, appears as an alternative for estrous synchronization protocols (ESP), such as reported in cattle. Firstly, we compared two MGA doses (0.5 and 1.0 mg/day/animal), which would have suppression effect in estrous behavior (EB). Eight females were randomly and equally distributed in Group 1 (G1) and Group 2 (G2), which received 0.5 and 1.0 mg/day/animal respectively for 15 days (D1 to D15). Two cloprostenol (CP) applications were performed on D0 and D11. Estrus detection (ED) was performed every day. All females from G1 displayed estrus during treatment period, whereas all females from G2 displayed estrus after treatment, suggesting a suppressive effect of 1.0 mg in the EB. Once the suppressive MGA dose (1.0 mg) was defined, we used this dose for assessing ESP. The same eight females received 1.0 mg/animal for eight days (D-8 to D-1), followed by 0.25 mg of estradiol benzoate on D-8 and 265 μg of CP on D0. Feces for fecal progesterone metabolites (FPM) measurement were collected from D0 until seven days after the last day of estrus. Seven females displayed estrus between 12 and 72 h after CP application, which was followed by a significant increase in FPM levels (except female MG6), suggesting the formation of corpus luteum. After ED, females were placed with a fertile male to assess the fertility of the protocol. Pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasound 30 days after mating in 3/6 individuals. Although the low effectiveness of MGA protocol, it should be considered as a promising alternative in deer ESP since this protocol has less stressful effect on the animal during reproductive management when compared to other ESP.

ABSTRACT Given the difficulty of collecting biological samples from rare and elusive species, the collection and analysis of hair is a good alternative for the identification and differentiation of mammal species. Our study aimed to test the reliability of the morphological identification of guard hairs from cervids that inhabit Brazil. We collected guard hairs from five body regions (head, neck, side of the thorax, back, and buttocks) of one male and one female of eight Brazilian cervid species, and we analyzed hair cuticular and medullar patterns. We carried out qualitative and quantitative analyses on the morphology of the medullar (total thickness and thickness of the medulla) and cuticular patterns (area and perimeter of the scales) of the guard hairs. Based on the obtained data, we found no notable morphological differences in the cuticular and medullar patterns in the guard hairs. Furthermore, our quantitative analysis demonstrated that the guard hairs are not a useful material for differentiating the Brazilian deer species.