ABSTRACT Studies over the last six decades have shown that the gut anatomy of the termite worker caste provides a valuable set of taxonomic characters. However, the gut anatomy of most American termitine taxa is still little known. This study investigated the anatomy of the worker gut of the Neotropical termitine genera Cylindrotermes Holmgren and Hoplotermes Light. We provide descriptions and illustrations of the gut in situ and the cuticular ornamentation of the gizzard, enteric valve, and first proctodeal segment for both genera.

Ereymatermes Constantino é um gênero endêmico da região Neotropical e continha as espécies Ereymatermes rotundiceps Constantino, descrita da floresta do baixo Rio Japurá, AM, e E. panamensis Roisin descrita da área do Canal de Panamá. Aqui, Ereymatermes piquira, uma nova espécie da Mata Atlântica do nordeste é descrita e ilustrada a partir de soldados e operários. O significado dos dois tipos de operários ("operário com intervalo amplo" e "operário com intervalo estreito") e sua relação com hábitos alimentares são discutidos.

Ereymatermes Constantino is a nasute genus endemic to the Neotropical region, which included Ereymatermes rotundiceps Constantino from the forest of the lower Japurá River, AM, Brazil, and E. panamensis Roisin from the Panama Canal area. Herein Ereymatermes piquira, a new species from the northeastern Atlantic Forest, is described and illustrated based on the soldier and worker castes. The meaning of the two types of workers ("worker with broad gap" and "worker with narrow gap") and its relation to feeding habits are discussed.

The termite fauna of an environment of the argentinean semiarid Chaco was sampled at the end of the dry season. Sixteen genera and 18 species representing three families (Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae) are cited for Santiago del Estero. Eleven genera are new records for the mentioned province. Biological data are given for some species.

La fauna de termitas para un ambiente de Chaco semiárido fue relevada a fines de la estación seca. Dieciséis géneros y 18 especies pertenecientes a tres familias (Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae y Termitidae) son citados para Santiago del Estero. Once de estos géneros constituyen registros nuevos para esta provincia. Se aportan datos biológicos para algunas especies.