RESUMO Uma ligação clara entre colite ulcerativa e a formação de displasia e neoplasia tem sido descrita. Ese risco aumentado permanece mesmo após colectomia subtotal e ileo-retal, necesitando de uma vigilância ao longo da vida do ano-recto restante. Este caso de estudo realça a importância no acompanhamento a longo prado dessa população, incluindo áqueles próximos à anastomose já que podem ocorrer alteraçoes displásicas no íleo distal.

ABSTRACT A clear link between ulcerative colitis and the formation of dysplasia and neoplasia has been described. This increased risk remains even after subtotal colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis, necessitating life-long surveillance of the remaining ano-rectum. This case study highlights the importance in long-term follow up in this population, including proximal to the anastomosis as dysplastic changes can occur in the distal ileum.

Most field ecology is conceived and financed by scientists from urban areas but is actually carried out in rural areas. Field staff can either be imported from urban areas or recruited from local residents. We evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of involving rural residents as local technicians over a 25- year period at active field research site in Costa Rica. We defined "local technicians" as local residents with no university education who acquired significant experience in field data collection, data management and/or laboratory work. We analyzed the experiences of incorporating these technicians into field research In developing countries from the points of view of scientist and of the local technicians themselves. Primary data were written responses from to a standardized survey of 19 senior scientists and Ph.D. students, and results from standardized personal interviews with 22 local technicians. Researchers highlighted the advantages of highly-skilled technicians with minimal staff turnover, as well as the technicians’ knowledge of local ecological conditions. Local technicians considered the primary advantages of their jobs to be opportunities for continuing education training in science as well as cultural enrichment through interactions with people of different cultures. The main challenges identified by researchers were the lack of long-term funding for projects and extended training required for local technicians. Local technicians can be of great benefit to research projects by providing high-quality data collection at reasonable costs with low staff turnover. Over the last 25 years the research model at the field station we studied has evolved to the point that most long-term projects now depend heavily on local technicians. This model of involving local technicians in long-term research has multiple benefits for the researchers, the technicians and the local community, and could be adapted to a variety of settings in rural areas of developing countries. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (4): 1455-1462. Epub 2011 December 01.

We present high sensitivity H91α and 3.5 cm radio continuum observations toward the planetary nebula NGC 3242. The electron temperature determined assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium is consistent within ~10% with that derived from optical lines and the Balmer discontinuity. The line emission and the continuum emission have a very similar spatial distribution, suggesting that at this wavelength there is no other continuum process present in a significant manner. In particular, we conclude that emission from spinning dust is not important at this wavelength. In this radio recombination line the nebula presents a radial velocity structure consistent with that obtained from observations of optical lines.

Presentamos observaciones de alta sensitividad de la línea de recombinación de radio H91α a 3.5 cm y de su continuo adyacente hacia la nebulosa planetaria NGC 3242. La temperatura electrónica derivada suponiendo equilibrio termodinámico local coincide dentro de ~10% con la determinada de líneas ópticas y de la discontinuidad de Balmer. La emisión de línea y la de continuo tienen una distribución espacial muy similar, lo que indica que a esta longitud de onda no hay otro proceso de emisión de continuo presente de manera significativa. En particular concluimos que la emisión de polvo rotante no es importante a esta longitud de onda. En esta línea de recombinación de radio la nebulosa presenta una estructura en velocidad radial que coincide con la obtenida de observaciones de líneas en el visible.