Abstract Background: Only a fraction of patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) will eventually progress toward systemic disease (SLE). Objective: To find inflammatory biomarkers which could predict the progression of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) into systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using immunohistochemical (IHC) assays. Methods: Immunohistochemical markers for cytotoxic, inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory responses and morphometric methods were applied to routine paraffin sections of skin biopsies, taken from lesions of 59 patients with discoid lupus, subacute lupus, and lupus tumidus. For the diagnosis of SLE, patients were classified by both the American College of Rheumatology (ACR-82) and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC-12) systems. Results: Skin samples from CLE/SLE +patients presented higher expression of IL-1β (ARC-82: p = 0.024; SLICC-12: p = 0.0143) and a significantly higher number of cells marked with granzyme B and perforin (ARC: p = 0.0097; SLICC-12: p = 0.0148). Biopsies from CLE/SLE- individuals had higher expression of IL-17 (ARC-82: p = 0.0003; SLICC-12: p = 0.0351) and presented a positive correlation between the density of granzyme A+and FoxP3+ cells (ARC-82: p = 0.0257; SLICC-12: p = 0.0285) and CD8+ cells (ARC-82: p = 0.0075; SLICC-12: p = 0.0102), as well as between granulysin-positive and CD8+ cells (ARC-82: p = 0.0024; SLICC-12: p = 0.0116). Study limitations: Patients were evaluated at a specific point in their evolution and according to the presence or not of systemic disease. The authors cannot predict how many more, from each group, would have evolved towards SLE in the following years. Conclusions: In this cohort, immunohistochemical findings suggested that patients with a tendency to systemic disease will show strong reactivity for IL-1β, while those with purely cutaneous involvement will tend to express IL-17 more intensely.

OBJECTIVE: Mohs micrographic surgery is a specialized surgical procedure used to treat skin cancer. The purpose of this study was to better understand the profile of the patients who underwent the procedure and to determine how histology might be related to complications and the number of stages required for complete removal. METHODS: The records of patients who underwent Mohs micrographic surgery from October 2008 to November 2013 at the Dermatology Division of the Hospital of the Campinas University were assessed. The variables included were gender, age, anatomical location, histology, number of stages required and complications. RESULTS: Contingency tables were used to compare the number of stages with the histological diagnosis. The analysis showed that patients with superficial basal cell carcinoma were 9.03 times more likely to require more than one stage. A comparison between complications and histological diagnosis showed that patients with superficial basal cell carcinoma were 6.5 times more likely to experience complications. CONCLUSION: Although superficial basal cell carcinoma is typically thought to represent a less-aggressive variant of these tumors, its propensity for demonstrating “skip areas” and clinically indistinct borders make it a challenge to treat. Its particular nature may result in the higher number of surgery stages required, which may, as a consequence, result in more complications, including recurrence. Recurrence likely occurs due to the inadequate excision of the tumors despite their clear margins. Further research on this subtype of basal cell carcinoma is needed to optimize treatments and decrease morbidity.

Com o objetiiro de identificar a espécie de Leishmania envolvida nas afecções cutâneas de indivíduos residentes nos municípios de Cosmópolis e Indaiatuba, região de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, correlacionamos dados clínicos, histopatológicos e testes de bibridização in situ. Os expressivos índices de incidência de leishmaniose tegumentar americana obsewados nesses municípios nos levaram a iniciar esses estudos. Nesse trabalho, apresentamos os dados relativos a seis indivíduos. As características das lesões, ulceradas, de dificil cicatrização e presentes em locais expostos do corpo sugeriram quadros de leishmaniose tegumentar americana. Os testes de intradermoreação de Montenegro, positivos em cinco dos seis pacientes analisados também reforçaram a suspeita de leishmaniose tegumentar americana. Os padrões histopatológicos, como reação exsudativa celular e granulomatosa e a dificuldade de isolamento dos parasitas obtidos de biópsias de lesões são compatíveis com aqueles descritos para Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Em testes de bibridização in situ do DNA do cinetoplasto de amastigotas das lesões dos seis pacientes, obseivamos que quatro deles apresentavam sinais de bibridização com a sonda de L. (Viannia) braziliensis, confirmando as suspeitas de que a Leishmania responsável pelas afecções cutâneas nos pacientes analisados era do subgenêro Viannia e do complexo braziliensis.

A study was earned out to identify Leishmania species involved in skin lesions of patients from Cosmõpolis and Indaiatuba, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The epidemiological data of cutaneous leishmaniasis in two cities suggested a epidemic situation in 1994. The lesions were clinically characteristic of cutaneous leishmaniasis and five out six patients responded positively to Montenegro's intradermal test. The histopathology of skin lesions were characterized by two patterns: exsudative- cellular reaction and exsudative granulomatous reaction. The clinical and histopathological parameters suggested Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis as the possible etiologic agent. In agreement, it was difficult to isolate and mantain the parasite in the laboratory. Characterization by in situ hybridization with kDNA amastigotes from lesions fragments confirmed that Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis was the parasite responsible for the studied cutaneous lesions.

São relatados os aspectos histopatológicos de uma pápula isolada do pescoço comparativamente a 80 nevos melanocíticos. Os aspectos histogenéticos sugerem que este tumor representa o resíduo de um nevo melanocítico onde as células névicas já desapareceram, porém a infiltração da derme adipócitos maduros, o espessamento fibroso da derme e os aspectos típicos dos outros elementos cutâneo permanecem. O achado de disqueratose acantolítica focal em múltiplos pontos adiciona novo elemento sugestivo de NEVO em regressão. Lesões com características morfológicas de nevo melanocítico, mesmo na ausência de células névicas podem ser identificadas se as alterações associadas forem reconhecidas.

A histopathological study of a distinct papule isolated from a patient's neck is reported and compared to 80 melanocytic nevi. The histogenesis of this unique tumor indicates that it probably represents the residual of a melanocytic nevus in wich nevi cells have disappeared but fat infiltration and fibrosis of the dermis and the typical aspects of other cutaneous elements persisted. The finding of focal acantholytic dyskeratosis in multiple foci of the lesion may indicate melanocytic cells regression. Lesions with the histopathological appearence of melanocytic nevi, even in the absence of nevi cells, may be discovered scrutinizing the associated alterations.