São apresentados os resultados do levantamento da cultura cafeeira no Estado de São Paulo, realizado com base em fotografias aéreas, na escala de 1:25.000. O trabalho foi feito pelo método estatístico, da amostragem sistemática, através de uma rêde de pontos eqüidistantes, colocados sôbre as fotos-mosaicos. Verificou-se que a área em cafèzal no Estado de São Paulo é de 1.059.000 hectares, ou seja, 4,26% da área total do território. Estimou-se também o número total de cafeeiros existentes, bem como o emprêgo de práticas conservacionistas. É apresentado o mapa do Estado de São Paulo com a distribuição da cafeicultura.

Based on aerophotographs made in 1962 (1:25,000) a study was carried out on the distribution of the coffee cultures in São Paulo. Determinations were mare on the occupied area, on the presence of conservative practices and the correlation of the culture with soil types and climate. The number of coffee plants was estimated and their distribution by different regions of the State as well. Work was done directly on mosaics, through a systematic sampling method using templets indicating points to be examined. For the area of the State of São Paulo 915,573 points were photo-interpreted each one representing 27.15 ha. The results obtained showed a total of 794,061,660 coffee plants occupying an area of 1,059,000 ha.

Em levantamento do uso do solo por fotointerpretação, em cinco municípios do Estado de São Paulo, foram determinadas as porcentagens de floresta, cerrado, pastagem, campo, terra de cultura e área urbana. Complementarmente foram realizadas amostragens de campo em áreas de pasto sorteadas nos mosaicos, com determinação da área basal e sombreamento. As áreas com pastagem variaram de 55 a 78%. Os municípios de Lagoinha e Rancharia, tipicamente pastoris, apresentaram-se com 3 a 8% de agricultura e 78 a 57% de pasto. O município de Pinhal apresentou equilíbrio entre pastagem e agricultura quando tomadas as normas conservacionistas. Nos estudos de sombreamento, áreas basal e colonizada, encontraram-se variações dentro da mesma espécie de gramíneas, entre municípios, e entre as referidas espécies no mesmo município. A baixa densidade de plantas forrageiras nos pastos revela técnicas de manejo diferentes.

Five counties in the State of São Paulo were studied by photo interpretation for land use. Forests, "cerrado" (savanna), grassland, pastures, crop fields and urban areas were determined and located in maps. Field samples, selected by statistical methods, were collected in four counties in order to study the vertical projection of green cover ("sombreamento"), the "basal area", i. e. the soil surface occupied by vegetation, and the "colonized area", that is the area occupied by plant species. The extent of pastures in these counties oscillates between 55 and 78%. Lagoinha and Rancharia counties are typical pasture regions with 78 to 57% of the area occupied by this land use, with 3 to 8% by field crops. Pinhal county presents a balanced use of pastures and crops, according to the land capability. Variations were found in the green covered, in the basal and occupied areas for the same species among counties and among species in the same county. The low density of forage plants in all pastures suggest that a better management is required to improve herb colonization so as to increase cattle production and avoid erosion problems.

É apresentado o levantamento por fotoínterpretação da cobertura vegetal de floresta natural e reflorestamento no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O trabalho foi feito pelo método estatístico de amostragem sistemática, utilizando-se templetos com sinais indicadores dos pontos a serem examinados. Foram interpretados, para a área do Estado de São Paulo, 915.570 pontos, representando cada um 27,15 ha. A área com floresta natural foi de 3.405.800 ha, e com reflorestamento, de 372.9000 ha, representando respectivamente 13,70% e 1,50% da área total do Estado.

The present paper refers to the survey of the vegetal cover characterized as forests and as reforested areas in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. This was obtained directly on mosaics, thourgh photointerpretation, using when necessary the aerial vertical photos from the aerophotogrammetric survey of the State of São Paulo done in 1962. In the characterization of forests, the height and density of the trees were taken into consideration, describing the texture of the type of covers on the photos with sampling of fields. In a similar way this was done for reforested areas, also taking into account the factors of formation of areas covered with trees destined to activities connected with silviculture with uniform characterization in regard to the photographic structure. The work was done by means of a systematic sampling method, using templets indicating points to be examined. For the area of São Paulo, 915,570 points were interpreted, each one representing 27.15 ha. Results obtained were the following; forests 3,405,900 ha and reforested areas 372,900 ha, this corresponding respectively to 13.70 and 1.50% of the total area of the State.

Foi realizado, com base em fotografias aéreas, o levantamento da cobertura vegetal de cerrado no Estado de São Paulo, em 1962. Separaram-se as áreas com o cerrado pròpriamente dito (tipo da savana brasileira), cerradão (tipo de cerrado mais alto e mais denso) e de campo (tipo de vegetação herbácea). Na caracterização dessas coberturas, levaram-se em conta apenas as áreas ainda sem utilização agrícola e com a vegetação pouco alterada pelo homem. A fotointerpretação foi feita com base na caracterização das texturas por amostragem de campo. O trabalho mostrou a situação seguinte: cerradão. 724.900, cerrado 2.668.000, e campo, 458.600 ha, representando, respectivamente, 2,9, 10,8 e 1,7% da área do Estado.

A survey was achieved in 1962 based on aerial photographs covering the whole area of the state of São Paulo and areas were separated, by photo-interpretation, according to the type of vegetation, as follows: the «cerrado» which is a type of Brazilian savanna, the «cerradão», a type of shrubbery, mostly tall and rather dense, and grasslands, a type of herbaceous vegetation. In the characterization of the latter were considered just those areas that had not been under cultivation as yet or with but a little interference by man, altering somewhat their texture. Photo-interpretation was performed on a basis of characterization of texture by field sampling. This paper shows the situation with regard to the various types of plants covering the areas: «cerrado» covered 724,900 ha, «cerradão» 2,668,000 and grasslands 458,600 ha, these figures representing 2.9, 10.8 and 1.8% of the total area of the state.