Vineyard row orientation plays a critical role in determining cluster microclimate. This study aimed to figure out how cluster positions determined by vineyard row orientation affect grape flavonoids and aroma profiles of Cabernet Sauvignon and Italian Riesling grapes. Three cluster positions (two canopy sides and the inner canopy) of NS and EW oriented row Cabernet Sauvignon and NS oriented row Italian Riesling were selected for the experiment. Microclimate data was monitored around clusters from both canopy sides of different row orientations. The south canopy side had higher daytime temperatures and PAR than the north canopy side in EW row orientation. Flavonoids of grape skins and seeds were separated and determined by LC-MS, and aroma compounds of grape must were determined by GC-MS. Results showed that flavanols were affected by orientations, and EW orientation had higher berries skin flavanol concentration than NS orientation. EW-IN berries had fewer glucuronide form flavonols and 3'-hydroxylated flavonols than the other two positions in EW orientation. Inner canopy berries had lower flavonol concentration than other positions in EW orientation of CS and NS orientation of IR. To aromas, C6/C9 were the main compounds significantly affected by row orientations. EW orientation berries had higher C6 alcohols concentration such as (E)-3-Hexen-1-ol, (E)-2-Hexen-1-ol and (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol than NS orientation, while NS orientation berries had higher C6 aldehyde concentrations such as Hexanal and (E)-2-hexenal than EW orientation. EW-IN berries had more abundant C6/C9 compounds than the other two positions. The study provided preliminary scientific evidence for vineyard viticulture practice and harvest strategy.

A Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.(Lamiaceae) é uma planta famosa usada na medicina tradicional chinesa para o tratamento de diversas doenças. A fim de avaliar a qualidade da P. frutescens de forma simples, rápida e precisa foi desenvolvido um método de cromatografia líquida de alta performance (CLAE) para caracterização dos dois ácidos triterpenos bioativos: o ácido oleanólico (OA) e o ácido ursólico (UA). Foi usada uma coluna Kromasil 100 C18 RP, com metanol e solução de ácido fosfórico (H3PO4) como fase móvel e detecção a 210 nm. O método foi preciso, com um desvio-padrão relativo para esses dois componentes variando entre 0,3-0,6% (análises feitas no mesmo dia) e 0,6-1,2% (análises em dias diferentes). As quantidades de OA e UA na P. frutescens foram determinados por recuperação, variando de 96,7 a 102,0%. Os teores desses dois fitoquímicos encontrados em diferentes partes da P. frutescens cultivada em cinco locais da China, foram determinados para verificar a eficácia do método.

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.(Lamiaceae), a famous traditional Chinese medicine, has been used for the treatment of various diseases. To evaluate the quality of P. frutescens, a simple, rapid and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the assessment of two bioactive triterpene acids: oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA). The HPLC system used an Kromasil 100 C18 RP column with methanol and aqueous H3PO4 as the mobile phase and detection at 210 nm. The method was precise with relative standard deviations for these two constituents that ranged between 0.3-0.6 % (intraday) and 0.6-1.2 % (interday). The contents of the OA and UA in P. frutescens were determined with recoveries ranging from 96.7 to 102.0%. The content of these two phytochemicals in different parts of P. frutescens growing at five different locations of China were determined to establish the effectiveness of the method.