Abstract Simulation tools are essential for validating any research idea before it is being implemented. This is very essential for all the researchers irrespective of the field of research. Simulators provide a way for analysing the design. There are many simulation tools available for the network researchers. Network Simulators are used to test the performance of existing or new algorithms and protocols.Some of the simulation tools in networking include OPNET (optimized Network Engineering Tool), NS-2 (Network Simulator version 2), OMNET++ (Objective Modular NETwork Testbed in C++), GloMoSim (Global Mobile Information System Simulator), QualNet, NetSim (Network Simulator), JiST/SWANS (Java in Simulation Time/ Scalable Wireless Network Simulator), J-Sim (Java-based simulation) and NS-3 (Network Simulator Version 3). Simulation tools may be open source or commercial. In this paper, both the open source and commercial simulators are discussed. This survey reveals that for simulating large networks, simulators like OPNET, GloMoSim, QualNet, NetSim, JiST/SWANs and NS-3 can be used. For small network simulation NS-2 and J-Sim can be preferred. Open source simulators are poor in documentation. Commercial simulators have good documentation. Based on the requirements of the research, a proper simulation tool can be selected.

Gorduras naturais e óleos são abundantes em ácidos graxos que apresentam atividade antibacteriana e antifúngica. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre a atividade antibacteriana e antifúngica de ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos de mangue "blind-your-eye" (Excoecaria agallocha). Esse estudo relata, pela primeira vez, a composição em ácidos graxos e a atividade antibacteriana e antifúngica de ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos (FAME) de mangue "blind-your-eye" encontrado ao longo de áreas costeiras do sul da India.

Fatty acids are widely occurring in natural fats and dietary oils and they are known to have antibacterial and antifungal properties. However, little is known on the antibacterial and antifungal properties of the blind-your-eye mangrove (Excoecaria agallocha) and this study for the first time determines the fatty acid composition and the antibacterial and antifungal activities of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) of the blind-your-eye mangrove plant found along the coastal areas of south India.

O L - Glutaminase, uma enzima terapêutica industrialmente importante foi produzida a partir do Vibrio costicola marinho. Por um processo de fermentação no estado sólido, em particular contas de poliestireno foram utilizadas como suporte inerte. O novo sistema de fermentação ofereceu várias vantagens sobre os sistemas convencionais, como rendimento de "leachate" com viscosidade mínima e atividade específica alta para o produto; facilidade a estimação da biomassa. A enzima assim produzida foi purificada e caracterizada. A enzima apresentou atividade elevada em pH fisiológico e alta especificidade ao substrato em direção a L - glutamina com um valor Km de 7.4 x 10-2 M. A enzima também exibiu alta tolerância ao sal e temperatura demonstrando ser um bom indicador para aplicações terapêuticas e industriais.

L - Glutaminase, a therapeutically and industrially important enzyme, was produced from marine Vibrio costicola by a novel solid state fermentation process using polystyrene beads as inert support. The new fermentation system offered several advantages over the conventional systems, such as the yield of leachate with minimum viscosity and high specific activity for the target product besides facilitating the easy estimation of biomass. The enzyme thus produced was purified and characterised. It was active at physiological pH, showed high substrate specificity towards L - glutamine and had a Km value of 7.4 x 10-2 M. It also exhibited high salt and temperature tolerance indicating good scope for its industrial and therapeutic applications.