Abstract This study aimed to determine the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leptospira spp. antibodies in sheep and goats raised in villages of the Xukuru do Ororubá indigenous community, Pernambuco, Brazil. A total of 180 serum samples from sheep and 108 serum samples from goats of both sexes and different ages were analyzed. For antibody research, indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) were used for the protozoa T. gondii and N. caninum, and microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for Leptospira spp., with a cutoff titer of 1:64, 1:50 and 1:100, respectively. The frequency of anti-T. gondii antibodies was 16.6% (30/180) for sheep and 11.1% (12/108) for goats. The frequency of anti-N. caninum antibodies was 10.55% (19/180) for sheep, and 20.37% (22/108) for goats, while for Leptospira spp., 2.2% (4/180) of sheep and 1.85% (2/108) of goats reacted positively. The results obtained in this study are unprecedented in indigenous communities in the country and serve as an alert for monitoring goats and sheep from the Xukuru do Ororubá indigenous village regarding the occurrence and productive impact of infections by T. gondii, N. caninum, and Leptospira spp., in addition to the occurrence of the zoonosis toxoplasmosis and leptospirosis in the indigenous community.

Resumo Objetivou-se determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum e Leptospira spp., em ovinos e caprinos criados em aldeias da comunidade indígena Xukuru do Ororubá, Pernambuco, Brasil. Foram analisadas 180 amostras de soro de ovinos e 108 amostras de soro de caprinos de ambos os sexos e diferentes idades. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos foi utilizada a técnica de Reação de Imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), para os protozoários T. gondii e N. caninum e Aglutinação Microscópica (MAT) para Leptospira spp., com ponto de corte de 1:64, 1:50 e 1:100, respectivamente. A frequência de anticorpos anti-T gondii foi de 16,6% (30/180) em ovinos e 11,1% (12/108) em caprinos. A frequência de anticorpos anti-N. caninum foi de 10,55% (19/180) para ovinos e 20,37% (22/108) para caprinos, enquanto para Leptospira spp., 2,2% (4/180) dos ovinos e 1,85% (2/108) dos caprinos reagiram positivamente. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo são inéditos em comunidades indígenas do país e alertam para o monitoramento de caprinos e ovinos da aldeia indígena Xukuru do Ororubá, quanto à ocorrência e impacto produtivo de infecções por T. gondii, N. caninum e Leptospira spp., além da ocorrência de zoonoses como a toxoplasmose e leptospirose na comunidade indígena.

Abstract Introduction The deficiency of ADA2 (DADA2) is a rare autoinflammatory disease provoked by mutations in the ADA2 gene inherited in a recessive fashion. Up to this moment there is no consensus for the treatment of DADA2 and anti-TNF is the therapy of choice for chronic management whereas bone marrow transplantation is considered for refractory or severe phenotypes. Data from Brazil is scarce and this multicentric study reports 18 patients with DADA2 from Brazil. Patients and methods This is a multicentric study proposed by the Center for Rare and Immunological Disorders of the Hospital 9 de Julho - DASA, São Paulo - Brazil. Patients of any age with a confirmed diagnosis of DADA2 were eligible for this project and data on clinical, laboratory, genetics and treatment were collected. Results Eighteen patients from 10 different centers are reported here. All patients had disease onset at the pediatric age (median of 5 years) and most of them from the state of São Paulo. Vasculopathy with recurrent stroke was the most common phenotype but atypical phenotypes compatible with ALPS-like and Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) was also found. All patients carried pathogenic mutations in the ADA2 gene. Acute management of vasculitis was not satisfactory with steroids in many patients and all those who used anti-TNF had favorable responses. Conclusion The low number of patients diagnosed with DADA2 in Brazil reinforces the need for disease awareness for this condition. Moreover, the absence of guidelines for diagnosis and management is also necessary (t).

Abstract Background: Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been described since mid-April 2020 with the first reports coming from Europe. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of patients among the Brazilian population. Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted with the participation of five pediatric rheumatology centers in Brazil during the period from March to November 2020. Children and adolescents with PIMS temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (TS) who met the definition criteria for the disease according to the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health were included. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, therapeutic characteristics and molecular and serological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection were described. Results: Fifty-seven children and adolescents with PIMS-TS were evaluated, 54% female, with a median age of 8 (3–11) years. Most (86%) were previously healthy, with asthma being the main comorbidity, present in 10% of the patients. Fever was the main manifestation, present in all patients, followed by mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal features, present in 89% and 81% of the patients, respectively. Myocarditis occurred in 21% of the patients and in 68% of them required intensive care. The Kawasaki disease phenotype occurred in most patients (77%). All patients had elevated inflammatory markers, with elevated CRP being the most found (98%). Anemia and lymphopenia were present in 79% and 72%, respectively. Laboratory evidence of SARS-CoV-2 was found in 77% of the patients, with 39% positive RT-PCR and 84% positive serology for SARS-CoV-2. An immunomodulatory treatment was performed in 91% of the patients, with 67% receiving intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) associated with glucocorticoid, 21% receiving IVIG, and 3.5% receiving glucocorticoid. The median length of hospitalization was 10 days. Conclusions: This study showed a high morbidity of PIMS-TS in Brazilian children, with a prolonged length of hospitalization and a high rate of admission to pediatric intensive care unit. Multicenter prospective studies are needed to assess the morbidity of the disease in the medium and long term.

Resumo Objetivo Esta pesquisa procurou analisar o efeito da mentalidade paradoxal como mediador da relação entre experimentação do estresse com satisfação na carreira e satisfação com a vida. Originalidade/valor O presente estudo permitiu realizar três avanços principais na literatura de paradoxo e satisfação com a carreira. Primeiro, contribuiu analisando o paradoxo no nível individual. Segundo, o estudo colabora com a literatura de satisfação com a carreira, aumentando a possibilidade de perceber as tensões como um fator positivo. Terceiro e, finalmente, o presente estudo avançou na literatura de satisfação com a carreira, trazendo o indivíduo como protagonista em sua carreira. Design/metodologia/abordagem Com base na amostra de 245 respondentes válidos (mais de 10 anos de carreira), foi utilizado para a análise de dados e teste de hipóteses, uma análise multivariada da modelagem por equações estruturais (MEE). Além disso, realizamos o teste variance accounted for (VAF) ou variance explained, a fim de apresentar o efeito mediador proposto no estudo. Resultados Os resultados mostraram uma relação significativa negativa direta entre tensões e satisfação com a carreira e a vida. Isso indica que as tensões na carreira também podem levar a efeitos positivos, pois tendem a promover uma maior capacidade do indivíduo (mentalidade paradoxal) de lidar com tensões conflitantes, e essa capacidade permite a obtenção de resultados positivos. Na prática, os resultados deste estudo podem inspirar profissionais. Eles podem usar os resultados, mudar os cenários anteriormente vistos como negativos e pessimistas e vê-los como uma oportunidade para desenvolver uma mentalidade paradoxal e, portanto, a capacidade de lidar de maneira equilibrada e satisfatória com as tensões.

Abstract Purpose This research aims to analyze the effect of the paradox mindset as a mediator of the relationship between stress experimentation with career satisfaction and life satisfaction. Originality/value The present study allowed for making three major advances for the literature of paradox and career satisfaction. First, it contributed by analyzing the paradox at the individual level. Second, the study cooperates with the career satisfaction literature, raising the possibility of perceiving tensions as a positive factor. Third, the present research has advanced in the career satisfaction literature by bringing the individual as a protagonist in their career. Design/methodology/approach Based on the sample of 245 valid respondents (with more than ten years in a career), it was used for data analysis and hypothesis testing, a multivariate analysis of structural equations modeling (SEM). Furthermore, the variance accounted for (VAF) test or variance explained was performed in order to present the mediating effect proposed in the study. Findings The results showed a direct negative significant relationship between tensions and satisfaction with career and life. This indicates that career tensions can also lead to positive effects since they tend to promote a greater ability of the individual (paradox mindset) to deal with conflicting situations. Such ability enables the achievement of positive results. In practice, the results of this study suggest that changing scenarios previously seen as negative and problematic to a more paradoxical mindset can help individuals deal with uncontrollable tensions and therefore improve the ability to feel more satisfied with one’s career.

ABSTRACT. To diagnose and monitor the nutritional status of commercial crops, reference standards must be established based on chemical analyses of soils and leaf tissues. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish sufficiency ranges, DRIS standards and leaf nutritional diagnoses for palisade grass pastures in the rainy and dry seasons. Of a total of 105 sampled pastures, the 20 highest-yielding areas were used to establish reference standards. In the other, low-productivity pastures, the nutritional status was diagnosed in both the rainy and dry seasons for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), and zinc (Zn). A productivity of 15 tons ha-1 year-1 was determined as the threshold to separate high-yielding (> 15 tons ha-1 year-1) pastures from low-productivity pastures (< 15 tons ha-1 year-1). Sufficiency ranges and foliar DRIS standards were established for palisade grass pastures in the rainy and dry seasons, which resulted in the recommendation of region- and season-specific sufficiency ranges and DRIS leaf standards. In the rainy season, in more than 50% of the evaluated pastures, nutritional deficiencies in all nutrients except K, B and Zn were observed, while in the dry season, only N, P, Cu, and Mn were deficient.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o sistema radicular de plantas de café conilon (Coffea canephora) e café arábica (Coffea arabica) no perfil do solo, com uso de semivariogramas. As avaliações foram realizadas em área localizada no município de Jaguaré, no estado do Espírito Santo. Foram avaliadas as cultivares Verdebrás G30/G35 do café conilon e a Catuaí Vermelho IAC 44 do café arábica. Monólitos de solo com raízes de café foram coletados em três distâncias do tronco do cafeeiro, no sentido da linha, e em seis distâncias do tronco, no sentido da entrelinha de plantio, em seis níveis de profundidade. As raízes foram coletadas e lavadas e, depois, digitalizadas e processadas no programa Safira. A variabilidade espacial dos atributos avaliados foi caracterizada pela técnica geoestatística, por meio de semivariogramas, com uso do programa GS+ 7.0. A área de superfície, o comprimento e o volume das raízes foram quantificados para as duas espécies de café. O café conilon tem tendência de apresentar sistema radicular com menor área superficial, comprimento e volume de raízes por volume de solo, bem como com distribuição menos discrepante na superfície do solo e em profundidade, em comparação ao café arábica.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the root system of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) and Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) plants in the soil profile, using semivariograms. The evaluations were carried out in an area located in the municipality of Jaguaré, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The Verdebrás G30/G35 Conilon coffee and the Catuaí Vermelho IAC 44 Arabica coffee cultivars were assessed. Soil monoliths with coffee plant roots were collected at three distances from the trunk in the planting row and at six distances from the trunk between rows, at six depths. The roots were collected and washed and then digitized and processed in the Safira software. The spatial variability of the evaluated attributes was characterized by the geostatistical technique, through semivariograms, using the GS+ 7.0 software. Root surface area, length, and volume were quantified for the two coffee species. Conilon coffee plants have a tendency of showing a root system with a smaller surface area, shorter length, and lower volume by volume of soil, as well as a less discrepant distribution on soil surface and in deeper layers, compared with Arabica coffee.

ABSTRACT The Integrated Diagnostic and Recommendation System (DRIS), although is commonly used in the interpretation of leaf analyzes, has been little used in soil chemical analysis. The corrective and fertilizer recommendations for the Cerrado region developed for the conventional cultivation system based on calibration studies, without including the current technological advances. In this sense, the objective was to establish the integrated diagnosis and nutrient ranges in soils under bean cultivation (P. vulgaris) in this region. Soil samples collected at the depth of 0-20 cm, having values of organic matter, Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Zn, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, base saturation and cation exchange capacity at pH 7. Ground rules DRIS standards and sufficiency ranges were established from farming with productivity equal to and greater than 2700 kg ha-1 of beans and these became applicable for recommendation fertilization of this crop in the region. Most established parameters presented discrepancy in relation to the theoretical framework that currently has for the region. DRIS standards and ranges should be regional and specific to direct seeding for high yield crops.

RESUMEN El Sistema Integrado de Diagnóstico y Recomendación (DRIS), a pesar de ser de uso común en la interpretación de los análisis foliares, ha sido poco utilizado en el análisis químico del suelo. Las recomendaciones de correctivos y fertilizantes para la región del Cerrado, fueron desarrolladas para el sistema de cultivo convencional, bajo estudios de calibración, sin incluir los avances tecnológicos actuales. En este sentido, se propuso como objetivo establecer el diagnóstico integrado y rangos de nutrientes en suelos bajo cultivo de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris) en esta región. Las muestras de suelo se recogieron en la profundidad de 0-20 cm, evaluando las cantidades de materia orgánica, Ca, Mg, K, P, S, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, saturación de bases y la capacidad de intercambio de cationes. Se logró establecer normas DRIS y rangos de suficiencia del suelo, a partir de cultivos con una productividad igual y superior a 2700 kg ha-1 de frijol común, que son aplicables en la recomendación de fertilizantes de este cultivo en la región. La mayoría de los parámetros establecidos presentan discrepancias, en relación al referencial teórico existente actualmente para la región. Los resultados mostraron que en lugar de su universalidad es importante el desarrollo de normas regionales y específicos en siembra directa para la aplicación de las normas DRIS y rangos de suficiencia en el suelo, en cultivos de alta productividad.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer padrões de solo e padrões foliares para culturas clonais de cacau CCN51 e PS1319 nas regiões do Atlântico no norte do Espírito Santo e no sul da Bahia. As amostras foram coletadas de setembro a outubro de 2015, em 45 parcelas de alta produtividade, sendo 23 parcelas do clone CCN51 e 22 do clone PS1319. As faixas de suficiência para solo e padrões foliares foram sugeridas para os clones de cacau CCN51 e PS1319 plantados no norte do Espírito Santo e no sul da Bahia. Diferenças nos teores dos macronutrientes foliares K, Ca, Mg, S e micronutrientes Fe e Mn foram verificadas entre os clones CCN51 e PS1319. As diferenças relatadas para padrões de diferentes regiões geográficas permitem confirmar que esses padrões precisam ser regionais e específicos para diferentes clones de cacau.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to establish soil patterns and foliar standards for clonal crops of cocoa CCN51 and PS1319 in the Atlantic regions within the northern Espírito Santo and southern Bahia States. Samples were collected from September to October 2015, in 45 high productive plots, being 23 plots of clone CCN51 and 22 of clone PS1319. Sufficiency ranges for soil and foliar standards were recommended for cocoa clones CCN51 and PS1319 planted in the Northern Espírito Santo and Southern Bahia states. Differences in the contents of foliar macronutrients K, Ca, Mg, S and micronutrients Fe and Mn, were verified between clones CCN51 and PS1319. Differences reported for standards from different geographical regions confirmed that these standards need to be regional and specific for different cocoa clones.

Resumo Objetivo: Revisar a fisiopatologia e os métodos de avaliação do crescimento linear e densidade mineral óssea em crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico de doença inflamatória intestinal. Fontes dos dados: Revisão narrativa a partir de pesquisa nas bases de dados PubMed e Scopus por meio de busca ativa dos termos inflammatory bowel disease, growth, failure to thrive, bone health, bone mineral density, children e adolescents nos últimos dez anos e com busca nos campos título, resumo ou palavra-chave. Resumo dos achados: As doenças inflamatórias intestinais com início na infância podem apresentar como parte do quadro clínico atraso do crescimento linear, além de baixa densidade mineral óssea. A presença de processo inflamatório crônico com elevados níveis séricos das citocinas inflamatórias interfere negativamente na velocidade do crescimento e na regulação do metabolismo ósseo, além de aumentar o gasto energético, comprometer a absorção de nutrientes e favorecer perdas proteicas intestinais. Outro fator importante é o uso crônico de glicocorticoides, que diminuem a secreção de hormônio do crescimento e dos pulsos das gonadotrofinas e ocasionam atraso puberal e no estirão do crescimento. Além desses efeitos, inibem a reprodução das células da linhagem osteoblástica e estimulam a osteoclastogênese. Conclusão: A insuficiência do crescimento e a baixa densidade mineral óssea em pacientes pediátricos com doença inflamatória intestinal são problemas complexos e que decorrem de múltiplos fatores, inclusive inflamação crônica, desnutrição, diminuição da atividade física, puberdade tardia, suscetibilidade genética a terapias imunossupressoras, como os glicocorticoides.

Abstract Objective: To review the pathophysiology and evaluation methods of linear growth and bone mineral density in children and adolescents diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease. Source of data: Narrative review carried out in the PubMed and Scopus databases through an active search of the terms: inflammatory bowel disease, growth, failure to thrive, bone health, bone mineral density, and children and adolescents, related to the last ten years, searching in the title, abstract, or keyword fields. Synthesis of findings: Inflammatory bowel diseases of childhood onset may present as part of the clinical picture of delayed linear growth in addition to low bone mineral density. The presence of a chronic inflammatory process with elevated serum levels of inflammatory cytokines negatively interferes with the growth rate and bone metabolism regulation, in addition to increasing energy expenditure, compromising nutrient absorption, and favoring intestinal protein losses. Another important factor is the chronic use of glucocorticoids, which decreases the secretion of growth hormone and the gonadotrophin pulses, causing pubertal and growth spurt delay. In addition to these effects, they inhibit the replication of osteoblastic lineage cells and stimulate osteoclastogenesis. Conclusion: Insufficient growth and low bone mineral density in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease are complex problems that result from multiple factors including chronic inflammation, malnutrition, decreased physical activity, late puberty, genetic susceptibility, and immunosuppressive therapies, such as glucocorticoids.

The sugarcane is one of the main crops produced in Brazil and is cultivated since the colonial Brazil Times. Soil management in the culture of sugarcane has undergone changes over time, applying new techniques of management and conservation of soil, taking advantage of systematic way the waste from the manufacture of alcohol and sugar, minimizing damage to environment. This aimed to evaluate the chemical attributes of the soil cultivated with sugarcane certified organic with and without soil disturbance, organic certification, conventional with and without straw burning and a remaining area of Cerrado in Goiatuba, Goiás, Brazil. Soil samples were collected in September 2009 in the depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm for chemical analysis. The results were analyzed descriptively by estimating the mean, standard error of the mean and also by means of multivariate analysis, estimating the Euclidean average distance between the treatments with complete connection. There forming groups among the organic cultivation without soil disturbance and the remaining area of Cerrado in the depth 0-10 cm indicating proximity between the evaluated attributes. The organic cultivation without soil disturbance presents phosphorus and potassium far superior to other managements. The results underscore the importance of greater supply of organic waste for improved chemical attributes and maintenance of soil quality

La caña de azúcar es uno de los principales cultivos producidos en Brasil, desde los tiempos coloniales. La gestión del suelo en el cultivo de la caña ha sufrido cambios en el tiempo, con la aplicación de nuevas técnicas aprovechando sistemáticamente los residuos procedentes de la fabricación de alcohol y azúcar, minimizando el daño al medio ambiente. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar las propiedades químicas del suelo cultivado con caña de azúcar orgánica certificada con y sin alteración del suelo, en certificación orgánica, convencional con y sin quema de residuos agrícolas y un área del Cerrado nativo en Goiatuba, Goiás. Las muestras de suelo se recogieron en septiembre de 2009 en las profundidades de 0-10 cm y 10-20 cm para el análisis químico. Los resultados se analizaron de manera descriptiva, mediante la estimación de la media, el error estándar de la media y también por medio del análisis multivariado con estimación de la distancia media euclidiana entre los tratamientos con conexión completa. Hay grupos de formación entre el cultivo orgánico sin la perturbación del suelo y el área de Cerrado nativo en la profundidad de 0-10 cm, lo que indica la proximidad de los atributos evaluados. El cultivo orgánico sin la perturbación del suelo tiene fósforo y potasio superiores a otras gestiones. Los resultados resaltan la importancia de aumentar la oferta de los residuos orgánicos para la mejora de atributos químicos y mantenimiento de la calidad del suelo