ABSTRACT Objective: Hyperglycemia has been suggested as a risk factor for poor outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of our work was to evaluate the association between blood glucose levels at admission (BGA) and disease outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Subjects and methods: Retrospective study including all adult COVID-19 patients admitted to a Portuguese hospital from March to August 2020 with BGA measurement. Subjects were categorized into two groups: BGA < 140 mg/dL and ≥ 140 mg/dL. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSSv26® (significance defined as p < 0.05). Results: We included 202 patients: median age 74 (60-86) years; 43.1% female; 31.2% with diabetes. The median BGA was 130.5 (108-158) mg/dL. When compared to normoglycemic, patients with BGA ≥ 140 mg/dL were older (p = 0.013), more vaccinated for influenza (p = 0.025) and had more comorbidities (hypertension, heart failure and peripheral arterial disease, p < 0.05). The last group presented higher leucocyte and neutrophile count, higher procalcitonin and prothrombin time, and lower lymphocyte count. Concerning prognosis, BGA ≥ 140 mg/dL was associated with higher rates of mechanical ventilation requirement and intensive care unit admission (p < 0.001), shock (p = 0.011), in-hospital mortality (p = 0.022) and 30-day mortality (p = 0.037). Considering only non-diabetic patients (n = 139), those with hyperglycemia presented higher rates of severity indicators (polypnea, SatO2 ≤ 93% and PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300) and an association with poor outcomes was also found, namely mechanical ventilation requirement and in-hospital/30-day mortality (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Hyperglycemia at admission was associated with poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients, even in those without known pre-existing diabetes. Glycemic testing should be recommended for all COVID-19 patients.

Abstract The aim of this study was to conduct a floristic inventory and update the geographical distribution of Talinaceae species in Ceará state, in the Northeast Region of Brazil. The study was based on a comparative analysis of morphological characters of specimens deposited in the EAC, ESA, HCDAL, HUEFS, HUVA, HVASF, MOSS and RB herbaria, specialized literature, photos of type collections, and field expeditions conducted between March 2015 and April 2022. For the state, Talinum fruticosum and T. paniculatum have been recorded, which prefer drier vegetations, such as Stepic Savanna (Caatinga and Carrasco) and Semideciduous Seasonal Forest (Mata Seca), but also grow in areas that are more humid. The species occur in eight conservation units in Ceará: Dunas da Lagoinha and Serra de Meruoca Environmental Protection Areas, Aiuaba Ecological Station, Sobral National Forest, Ubajara National Park, Pedra da Andorinha Wildlife Refuge, Serra das Almas and Fazenda Trussú Private Natural Heritage Reserves. An identification key, descriptions, photographs, and comments about the geographical distribution, taxonomic relationships, and phenology are provided for the species.

Resumo Objetivou-se com este estudo realizar o levantamento florístico e atualizar a distribuição geográfica das espécies de Talinaceae no estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil. O estudo foi baseado em comparações de caracteres morfológicos de espécimes depositados nos herbários EAC, ESA, HCDAL, HUEFS, HUVA, HVASF, MOSS e RB, bibliografias especializadas, fotos de coleções-tipos e expedições em campo realizadas no período de março/2015 a abril/2022. Para o estado foram registradas Talinum fruticosum e T. paniculatum, ocorrendo preferencialmente em ambiente mais secos como Savana Estépica (Caatinga e Carrasco) e Floresta Sazonal Semidecídua (Mata Seca), mas também em áreas mais úmidas. As espécies estão inseridas em oito Unidades de Conservação: Áreas de Proteção Ambiental Dunas de Lagoinha e Serra de Meruoca, Estação Ecológica de Aiuaba, Floresta Nacional de Sobral, Parque Nacional de Ubajara, Reserva de Vida Silvestre Pedra da Andorinha, Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural Serra das Almas e Fazenda Trussú. São apresentados chave de identificação, descrições, comentários sobre as espécies, distribuição geográfica, relações taxonômicas, dados fenológicos e fotografias.

Resumo Esta atualização é uma reavaliação das “Recomendações para o uso de testes de DNAHPV no rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero no Brasil” (Zeferino et al., 2018),9 de acordo com as mudanças observadas nas novas recomendações internacionais, além das atualizações no conhecimento. As recomendações mais relevantes e recentes foram avaliadas. Questões referentes à prática clínica foram formuladas, e as respostas consideraram a perspectiva do sistema de saúde brasileiro, tanto público quanto privado. Esta revisão abrange estratégias baseadas em risco sobre idade para início e término de rastreamento, o uso da citologia e colposcopia para apoiar as condutas, tratamento, estratégias de seguimento, e rastreamento em grupos específicos, incluindo mulheres vacinadas. Esta atualização tem o objetivo de melhorar as estratégias de prevenção do câncer do colo de útero e reduzir o supertratamento e o uso incorreto dos testes de HPV.

Abstract The present update is a reassessment of the 2018 ‘Guidelines for HPV-DNA Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening in Brazil’ (Zeferino et al.)9, according to the changes observed in new international guidelines and knowledge updates. The most relevant and recent guidelines were assessed. Questions regarding the clinical practice were formulated, and the answers considered the perspective of the public and private sectors of the Brazilian health system. The review addressed risk-based strategies regarding age to start and stop screening, the use of cytology and colposcopy to support management decisions, treatment, follow-up strategies, and screening in specific groups, including vaccinated women. The update aims to improve the prevention of cervical cancer and to reduce overtreatment and the misuse of HPV testing.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou realizar o levantamento florístico e atualizar a distribuição geográfica das espécies de Portulacaceae ocorrentes no estado do Ceará, Nordeste do Brasil. As expedições de campo para coleta e observações das espécies foram realizadas no período de Março/2015 a Março/2021. Seis espécies de Portulaca foram registradas no estado do Ceará, sendo identificadas principalmente pelo hábito, forma e margem das folhas, coloração das flores, forma do opérculo e ornamentação da semente. Todas as espécies ocorrem em Unidades de Conservação no estado: P. elatior, P. halimoides, P. mucronata, P. oleracea, P. pilosa e P. umbraticola. A maior riqueza foi encontrada na Savana Estépica, onde todas as espécies foram registradas. Portulaca halimoides apresentou a mais ampla distribuição no Ceará, com 17 registros, ocorrendo em vários tipos de vegetação, especialmente na Savana Estépica. Portulaca mucronata foi registrada exclusivamente em Savana Estépica, sendo a espécie com o menor número de registros. Aqui são apresentados chave de identificação, descrições, comentários sobre as relações taxonômicas, dados fenológicos e fotografias das espécies.

Abstract This study aimed to carry out a floristic inventory and update the geographical distribution of Portulacaceae species that occur in the state of Ceará, Northeast Region of Brazil. The field expeditions for collection and observation of species were realized between March/2015 and March/2021. Six species of Portulaca have been recorded in the state of Ceará, being identified mainly by habit, margin and leaf shape, flower coloration, operculum shape, and seed ornamentation. All species occur in Conservation Units in the state of Ceará: P. elatior, P. halimoides, P. mucronata, P. oleracea, P. pilosa and P. umbraticola. The highest floristic richness was found in the Stepic Savanna, where all species were recorded. Portulaca halimoides had the widest distribution in Ceará, with 17 records, occurring in various vegetation types, especially in the Stepic Savanna. Portulaca mucronata was registered exclusively in Stepic Savanna, being the species with the lowest number of records. Identification key, descriptions, comments about the species, taxonomic relationships, phenological data and photographs of the species are presented here.

Abstract Coenzyme Q-10 (CoQ-10) is a cofactor for mitochondrial electron transport chain and may be an alternative to improve sperm quality of cryopreserved equine semen. This work aimed to improve stallion semen quality after freezing by adding CoQ-10 to the cryopreservation protocol. Seven saddle stallions were utilized. Each animal was submitted to five semen collections and freezing procedures. For cryopreservation, each ejaculate was divided in three treatments: 1) Botucrio® diluent (control); 2) 50 μmol CoQ-10 added to Botucrio® diluent; 3) 1 mmol CoQ-10 added to Botucrio® diluent. Semen batches were analyzed for sperm motility characteristics (CASA), plasma and acrosomal membranes integrity and mitochondrial membrane potential (by fluorescence probes propidium iodide, Hoechst 33342, FITC-PSA and JC-1, respectively), alterations in cytoskeletal actin (phalloidin-FITC) and mitochondrial function (diaminobenzidine; DAB). The 1 mmol CoQ-10 treatment presented higher (P<0.05) amount (66.8%) of sperm cells with fully stained midpiece (indicating high mitochondrial activity) and higher (P<0.05) amount (81.6%) of cells without actin reorganization to the post-acrosomal region compared to control group (60.8% and 76.0%, respectively). It was concluded that the addition of 1 mmol CoQ-10 to the freezing diluent was more effective in preserving mitochondria functionality and cytoskeleton of sperm cells submitted to cryopreservation process.

Abstract The onset of gestation is characterized by growth, morphological and functional changes of the placenta. We aim to evaluate the placental compartments in New Zealand rabbits by means of stereological methods. The fetal and maternal portion of placenta (12, 14, 18 and 20 gestational days) was randomly sampled for the stereological analysis. Histological sections were scanned to estimate fetal (labyrinth and junctional) and maternal (decidua) compartment volumes. The total volume of the placenta for the ages of 12, 14, 18 and 20 days was, respectively, 320 mm3, 340 mm3, 940 mm3 and 1300 mm3. The volume of the labyrinth was 56 mm3, 119 mm3, 231 mm3 and 481 mm3, respectively. The volume of junctional zone was 75 mm3, 76 cm3, 238 mm3 and 314 mm3, respectively. The volume of decidua was 174 mm3, 143 mm3, 469 mm3 and 504 mm3, respectively. We concluded that the rabbit´s placenta compartments varied according to the gestational period, increasing continuously over the 20 gestational days. However, on the onset of the development of the placenta the decidua presented faster growth, whereas after the 20 days of development, the labyrinth developed more quickly. This study represents an aid to the understanding of placentation in humans.

ABSTRACT The present study has as main objective to evaluate the students’ perception of the entrepreneurial education level of higher education institutions (HEIs) and its impact on their entrepreneurial motivations to become an entrepreneur and their entrepreneurial intention. Finally, we intend to measure to what extent the effect of entrepreneurial education is direct or indirect in their entrepreneurial intention, evaluating the role of entrepreneurial motivation of students in this relationship. A sample of 966 students from different HEIs in Portugal was surveyed using the HEInnovate Self-Assessment, student entrepreneurial motivations scale (based on the Society for Associated Researchers on International Entrepreneurship - SARIE), and an adapted version of the Carland entrepreneurship index. Our results point indirect effects of the entrepreneurial universities on entrepreneurial intention by the entrepreneurial motivations of the students to become an entrepreneur. This study showed the importance of analyzing, fostering, and investing in entrepreneurial education in the HEIs to achieve a more entrepreneurial level, due to the interesting positive direct and indirect impact on the entrepreneurial motivations and entrepreneurial intention of the students.

Attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity (ADHD) is the main reason for consultation in most Pediatric Neurology units in Spain. The new technologies also associate benefits for both patients and professionals and the health system itself, which makes its rational implementation essential. Genetics, neuroimaging or virtual reality, for example, are clear exponents of the results that can be achieved by optimizing traditional processes. The different technologies that we collect in this article are fully operational and have thousands of experience in patients. The incorporation of them to the usual clinical practice is in our hands.

El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) es el principal motivo de consulta en la mayoría de las unidades de Neurología Pediátrica en España. Las nuevas tecnologías asocian además beneficios tanto para los pacientes como para los profesionales y el propio sistema sanitario. Se hace imprescindible su implementación racional. La genética, la neuroimagen o la realidad virtual por ejemplo, son claros exponentes de los resultados que se pueden conseguir al optimizar los procesos tradicionales. Las diferentes tecnologías que recogemos en este artículo están completamente operativas y cuentan con miles de pacientes de experiencia. La incorporación de las mismas a la práctica clínica habitual está en nuestras manos.

As cidades brasileiras são caracterizadas por serem permeadas de contradições e problemáticas ligadas à sua dinâmica de ordenamento territorial, inerentes ao seu processo de formação histórica. Portanto, essa pesquisa tem como objetivo construir um referencial teórico sobre ordenamento territorial (OT), correlacionando-o com as experiências de ordenamento territorial urbano associadas a América Latina (AL) e ao Brasil. O percurso metodológico se deu por meio do levantamento teórico acerca dos principais conceitos ligados ao ordenamento territorial e as experiências de OT. A partir de então, pode-se verificar que os países da AL ainda apresentam muitas dificuldades no que diz respeito à implantação de políticas públicas, planos e legislações específicas para o ordenamento territorial. No Brasil, enquanto território latino-americano, se observa realidade semelhante.

The Brazilian cities are characterized by being permeated with contradictions and problems related to their territorial planning dynamics, inherent to its updating process. Therefore, this research has as objective a theoretical reference on the territorial planning (OT), correlating them as territorial planning variables associated with Latin America (LA) and Brazil. The methodological positioning was given through the theoretical exercise on the main themes related to territorial planning and as OT experiences in the analyzed space. From then on, it can be verified that the countries of the LA still present many difficulties for the implementation of public policies, specific and specific for the land-use planning. In Brazil, as a Latin American territory, a similar reality is observed.

Abstract We aimed to evaluate the effects of L-arginine (L-arg) in the quality of in vitro heparin-induced capacitation of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa and its effects on IVP. The experimental groups were: Control 0 hour without pre-capacitation, and groups of sperm capacitated for 30 min in the absence of COC with heparin (Control 30 min), with 1 mM L-arg and with 1 mM L-arg + heparin. The capacitation pattern was evaluated by chlortetracycline assay and the integrity of the plasma membrane (PM) and acrosome membrane (AM) by the association of Hoescht 33342 and propidium iodide. Further, we assess the sperm quality by the rate of in vitro blastocysts production. Treatment with 1 mM L-arg + heparin increased the percentage of capacitated sperm when compared to Control 0 hour and the treatment with heparin (61.1 vs. 18.2 and 47.0%, respectively, P<0.05). The addition of 1 mM L-arg to the medium has capacitated the spermatozoa (26.2 ± 3.8) but was less effective than heparin (47.0 ± 4.0) (P<0.05). There was no difference in the percentage of sperm with intact PM between treatments when compared to Control 0 hour (P>0.05). The group capacitated with 1 mM L-arg + heparin for 30 min increased the blastocyst rate compared to Control IVF (53.7 vs. 40.8%, P<0.05). We conclude that the addition of L-arg with heparin increases the number of capacitated spermatozoa in vitro with 30 min of pre-incubation in the absence of COC not altering the integrity of plasma and acrosomal membrane. This treatment in the absence of COC was the most effective method for blastocysts production, and the method of pre-incubation could be used to assess the role of other substances in the sperm capacitation and its effect on IVP.

Resumo: Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar aspectos da morfologia urbana da cidade de Pau dos Ferros, localizada no interior semiárido do Rio Grande do Norte, tomando por base a atuação de agentes produtores do espaço. Enquanto procedimentos metodológicos, foram desenvolvidas: revisão bibliográfica, visitas in loco e análise documental. Concluiu-se que a lógica de acumulação capital pauta a produção desses espaços, contribuindo para a valorização imobiliária e para a segregação socioespacial na cidade.

Abstract: This research aims to analyze aspects of the urban morphology of the city of Pau dos Ferros, located in the semi - arid interior of Rio Grande do Norte, based on the performance of agents that produce space. Methodological procedures were developed: bibliographic review, on-site visits and documentary analysis. It was concluded that the logic of capital accumulation guides the production of these spaces, contributing to the real estate valuation and the socio-spatial segregation in the city.

Resumen: Esta investigación objetiva analizar aspectos de la morfología urbana de la ciudad de Pau dos Ferros, ubicada en el interior semiárido de Rio Grande do Norte, tomando como base la actuación de agentes productores del espacio. En cuanto procedimientos metodológicos, fueron desarrolladas: revisión bibliográfica, visitas in situ y análisis documental. Se concluyó que la lógica de acumulación capital pauta la producción de esos espacios, contribuyendo para la valorización inmobiliaria y para la segregación socioespacial en la ciudad.

Resumen Antecedentes: La producción de animales transgénicos sigue siendo una biotecnología de baja eficiencia, y se deberían utilizar alternativas sencillas para mejorar la tasa de producción de bovinos transgénicos mediante transferencia nuclear. Una de estas alternativas es la selección del tipo mas apropiado de célula donante y método de transferencia génica. Objetivo: Investigar el efecto del tipo celular (fibroblastos fetales o adultos, y celulas del cumulus), y el método de transferencia génica (lipofección y transducción lentiviral) en la incorporación, expresión génica, y la intensidad de fluorescencia del transgén en células bovinas analizadas por citometría de flujo. Métodos: Fibroblastos fetales (FF), fibroblastos adultos (AF), y células del cúmulo (CC) fueron transfectados a través de lipofección o transducidos utilizando partículas lentivirales producidas con plásmidos que expresan la proteína verde fluorescente (GFP). Resultados: La transducción lentiviral dio lugar a mayores tasas de expresión del transgen en todos los tipos de células (FF: 88,8 ± 0,98; AF: 91,6 ± 2,96, CC: 60,7% ± 14,7) en comparación con la lipofección (FF: 17,8 ± 2,82; AF: 10,66 ± 0,65; CC: 3,9% ± 1,97). Las células del cúmulus mostraron menores tasas de expresión del transgen que los otros tipos celulares. En cuanto a la intensidad de fluorescencia, no hubo diferencias significativas entre lipofección y transducción lentiviral; en ambos tratamientos, se obtuvo una mayor intensidad de fluorescencia cuando se usaron células adultas en lugar de células fetales. Conclusión: La eficiencia de la transferencia de genes varía según el tipo de célula y el método de transferencia génica, con la transducción lentiviral se logra una mayor tasa de transfección, y los fibroblastos adultos muestran una mejor expresión transgénica.

Abstract Background: Production of transgenic animals is still a low-efficiency biotechnology, and simple alternatives should be used to improve the rate of transgenic bovine production by nuclear transfer. One such alternative is selecting the appropriate donor cell type and transfection method. Objective: To investigate the effect of cell type (fetal or adult fibroblasts, and cumulus cells), and gene transfer method (lipofection and lentiviral transduction) on the incorporation, expression, and fluorescence intensity of transgene on bovine cells analyzed by flow cytometry. Methods: Fetal fibroblasts (FF), adult fibroblasts (AF), and cumulus cells (CC) were transfected using lipofection, or transduced using lentiviral particles produced with Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) expressing plasmids, and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: Lentiviral transduction resulted in higher transgene expression rates for all cell types (FF: 88.8 ± 0.98; AF: 91.6 ± 2.96; CC: 60.7% ± 14.7) compared to lipofection (FF: 17.8 ± 2.82; AF: 10.66 ± 0.65; CC: 3.9% ± 1.97). Cumulus cells showed lower transgene expression rates than the other cell types. Regarding fluorescence intensity, there was no significant difference between lipofection and lentiviral transduction; in both treatments, higher fluorescence intensity was obtained when adult cells were used instead of fetal cells. Conclusion: Gene transfer efficiency varies according to cell type, and gene transfer method, with lentiviral transduction achieving higher transgene expression rate, and adult fibroblasts showing better transgene expression.

Resumo Antecedentes: A produção de animais transgênicos é uma biotecnologia que ainda apresenta baixa eficiência e alternativas simples devem ser usadas para o aumento da produção de bovinos transgênicos por transferência nuclear. Uma destas alternativas compreende a seleção do tipo apropriado de célula doadora de núcleo e do método de transferência gênica. Objetivo: Investigar a influência do tipo celular (fibroblastos fetais ou adultos, e células do cumulus), e do método de transferência gênica (transfecção por lipofecção ou transdução lentiviral) na incorporação, expressão, e na intensidade de fluorescência do transgene em células bovinas analisadas por citometria de fluxo. Métodos: Fibroblastos fetais (FF), fibroblastos adultos (AF), e células do cumulus (CC) foram submetidas à lipofecção ou à transfecção lentiviral utilizando plasmídeos expressando a Proteína Fluorescente Verde - GFP). Resultados: A transdução lentiviral resultou em maiores taxas de expressão do transgene em todos os tipos celulares (FF: 88,8 ± 0,98; AF: 91,6 ± 2,96; CC: 60,7% ± 14.7) quando comparada com a lipofeccção (FF: 17,8 ± 2,82; AF: 10,66 ± 0,65; CC: 3,9% ± 1,97). As células do cumulus apresentaram menores taxas de expressão quando comparadas aos outros tipos celulares. Com relação à intensidade de fluorescência, não houve diferença significativa entre a lipofecção e a transdução lentiviral e em ambos os tratamentos as células adultas apresentaram maior intensidade de fluorescência do que as células fetais. Conclusão: A eficiência de transferência gênica varia de acordo com o tipo celular, e com o método de transferência gênica, sendo que a transdução lentiviral resultou em maiores taxas, e que os fibroblastos adultos mostraram melhor expressão do transgene.

Resumo As literaturas cujas narrativas são realizadas exclusivamente pela imagem firmaram, ao longo do tempo, a mesma importância que os demais gêneros disponíveis nos espaços educacionais. Devido a isso, propomo-nos a analisar os atributos estéticos que compõem uma dessas obras, Ladrão de galinha, de autoria de Béatrice Rodriguez (2009), selecionada e enviada pelo Programa Nacional Biblioteca da Escola (PNBE) às redes públicas de Educação Infantil, na edição de 2014. Adotamos como metodologia a abordagem qualitativa, tomando como referencial a semiótica de Barthes (2013b). Utilizamos os conceitos de enunciado, deslocamento e representação, partícipes no processo de significação textual, entendendo que estes contribuem para que os demais atributos estéticos sejam comunicantes eficazes na fruição da literatura visual. Dentre os demais especialistas, apoiamo-nos no suporte teórico de Collaro (2012), Gomes Filho (2014), Heller (2014), Hunt (2010), Kandinsky (1997), Kant (2013), Linden (2011), Neitzel e Carvalho (2013), Neitzel e Oliani (2008), Nikolajeva e Scott (2011), Santaella (2012), Todorov (2011), Willsberg e Forssman (2007). Constatamos que há uma contínua busca no aprimoramento do livro composto exclusivamente de imagens, que permitem uma apreciação do texto visual para além do entretenimento, tornando-o objeto de fruição pela experiência estética que proporciona. Colocamos em discussão a “leiturabilidade” do texto visual permitindo aceitar, rejeitar, aprimorar e questionar as possibilidades de leitura que mobilizam o pensamento.

Abstract Image-driven literatures have proven, over time, to be of equal importance to other genres available in educational spaces. As such, we propose to analyze the aesthetic attributes that comprise one of these works, Ladrão de galinha (Chicken thief), written by Béatrice Rodriguez (2009), which was selected and sent by the National School Library Program (called PNBE) in 2014 to the public networks of Early Childhood Education. We adopted as methodology a qualitative approach, taking as reference Barthes’s (2013b) semiotics. We use the concepts of enunciation, displacement and representation, which contribute to the process of textual signification, understanding that they do so such that other aesthetic attributes are effective communicators in the realization of visual literature. Among the other specialists, we rely on the theoretical support of Collaro (2012), Gomes Filho (2014), Heller (2014), Hunt (2010), Kandinsky (1997), Kant (2013), Linden (2011), Neitzel and Carvalho (2013), Neitzel and Oliani (2008), Nikolajeva and Scott (2011), Santaella (2012), Todorov (2011), Willsberg and Forssman (2007). We have determined that there is a continuous effort to improve this kind of book composed exclusively of images, which allows for appreciation of the visual text beyond entertainment, making it an object of actualization through the aesthetic experience that it provides. We raise the question of “readability” in regards to the visual text so that we might accept or reject, improve or question the possibilities of reading that stimulate thought.

Resumen Las literaturas cuyas narrativas son llevadas a cabo exclusivamente por la imagen han tenido, a lo largo del tiempo la misma importancia que los demás géneros disponibles en los espacios educativos. Debido a eso, se propone analizar los atributos estéticos que componen una de esas obras, Ladrón de gallinas, de autoría de Béatrice Rodriguez (2009), seleccionada y enviada por el Programa Nacional Biblioteca de la Escuela (PNBE) a las redes públicas de Educación Infantil, en la edición de 2014. Se adoptó como metodología el abordaje cualitativo, tomando como referencia la semiótica de Barthes (2013b). Se utilizaron los conceptos de enunciado, desplazamiento y representación, partícipes en el proceso de significación textual, entendiendo que éstos contribuyen para que los demás atributos estéticos sean comunicantes eficaces en el goce de la literatura visual. Entre los demás especialistas, recurrimos al soporte teórico de Collaro (2012), Gomes Filho (2014), Heller (2014), Hunt (2010), Kandinsky (1997), Kant (2013), Linden (2011), Neitzel e Carvalho (2013), Neitzel y Oliani (2008), Nikolajeva y Scott (2011), Santaella (2012), Todorov (2011), Willsberg y Forssman (2007). Se constató que hay una continua búsqueda por el perfeccionamiento del libro compuesto exclusivamente de imágenes, que permiten una apreciación del texto visual más allá del entretenimiento, haciéndolo objeto de goce por la experiencia estética que proporciona. Se pone en discusión la “lecturabilidad” del texto visual permitiendo aceptar, rechazar, perfeccionar y cuestionar las posibilidades de lectura que movilizan el pensamiento.

Resumo: O estudo parte do corpo como local reflexivo para observar criações artísticas, tendo como perspectiva inspiradora duas artistas: Marina Abramović e Elke Hering. O objetivo geral foi investigar os diálogos estabelecidos pelas obras dessas artistas e o corpo como potência estética. A observação analítica da performance de Abramović e a obra de Hering permitiram um mergulho no espaço do corpo como campo de potencialidades sensíveis e possíveis relações com saberes em arte. Ao final, congruências, semelhanças, distanciamentos do corpo em arte como temática e suporte possibilitam discussões no campo da experiência estética em arte.

Abstract: This study contemplates the body as a reflective place to observe artistic creations, having two artists as inspiring perspective: Marina Abramović and Elke Hering. The general goal was to investigate the dialogues established by the artists’ works and the body as aesthetic potency. The analytical observation of Abramović’s performance and Hering’s work allowed a dive into the space of the body as a field of sensitive potentialities and possible relations with knowledge in art. In the end, congruences, similarities, the distances of the bodies created in art as thematic and support make discussions in the field of aesthetic experience in art possible.

Résumé : L’étude part du corps comme lieu de réflexion pour observer les créations artistiques, en ayant comme perspective inspirateur deux artistes: Marina Abramović et Elke Hering. L’objectif général était d’étudier les dialogues établis par les œuvres des artistes et le corps comme puissance esthétique. L’observation analytique de la performance d’Abramović et l’oeuvre d’Hering a permis de plonger dans l’espace du corps comme un champ de potentialités sensibles et des relations possibles avec les connaissances dans l’art. A la fin, les congruences, les similitudes, les distances du corps dans l’art en tant que thème et support sont mises en évidence, permettant de discuter le corps comme un domaine d’expérience esthétique dans l’art.

Resumo Disciplinar uma criança é uma das tarefas parentais mais difíceis. As crenças de eficácia contribuem para o (in)sucesso dessa experiência. Este estudo pretende analisar o papel preditivo das crenças de eficácia nos comportamentos disciplinares maternos. Participaram neste estudo 128 mães de crianças de idade pré-escolar, a quem foi pedido que respondessem a um Questionário de Comportamentos Disciplinares Parentais e à Subescala de Eficácia da Escala Ser Mãe/Pai. Os resultados mostram que as mães usam mais frequentemente os comportamentos indutivos, avaliando-os como mais eficazes. Os comportamentos de afirmação do poder são explicados pela idade da criança, nível educativo materno, percepção de auto-eficácia e crença na eficácia das estratégias de afirmação do poder e de punição não-física. Os comportamentos de punição não-física são explicados pelas crenças acerca da eficácia destes comportamentos e dos comportamentos indutivos. Finalmente, os comportamentos indutivos são explicados pelo género da criança e pelas crenças acerca da sua eficácia. No âmbito da intervenção na parentalidade, estes resultados sublinham a importância de intervir nas crenças de eficácia, para promover a mudança comportamental.

Abstract Disciplining a child is one of the most challenging parental tasks. Efficacy beliefs contribute to make this experience more or less successful. The purpose of this study is to examine the predictive role of efficacy beliefs on maternal disciplinary behavior. A total of 128 mothers of pre-school aged children participated in this study. They were asked to complete the Parental Disciplinary Behavior Scale and the Efficacy Subscale of the Parenting Sense of Competence. Results showed that mothers use inductive behavior more frequently and perceive these behaviors as the most effective ones. Power assertion is explained by the child’s age, the mother’s educational level, her perception of parental self-efficacy and also by her maternal beliefs about the effectiveness of both power assertion and non-physical punishment. Non-physical punishment is explained by maternal beliefs regarding the effectiveness of both non-physical punishment and inductive behavior. Finally, induction is explained according to the child’s gender and the maternal belief about the effectiveness of these inductive behaviors. These results are especially relevant to the field of parenting intervention, underlining the importance of addressing efficacy beliefs to promote behavioral change.