Abstract: Our goal was to determine physical properties and anatomical features in 33-year-old Hevea brasiliensis clones. We cut wood samples from clones LCB510, RRIM600, IAN873, IAN717 and GT1 planted in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. We used standard techniques in wood studies. We found that clones differ in basic density, volumetric shrinkage and anatomical features, with the exception of ray width. Basic density, volumetric shrinkage, fiber length, fiber wall thickness, vessel element length and vessel diameter tended to increase from pith to bark, while vessel frequency propended to decrease. We conclude that wood of the studied clones has potential for industrial use.

Abstract: The use of wood as a bioenergetic source requires knowledge of its technical properties. The rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis has an economic life cycle of 25 to 30 years in Brazil. It is used for extracting rubber and generating residual wood for fuel. Our goal was to characterize the wood quality of 10 clonal progenies as a source of raw material for bioenergy. Ten clonal progenies of 12-year-old Hevea brasiliensis from an experimental planting in Selvíria municipality were evaluated. Three trees per clone were evaluated for individual properties of Higher Heating Value, immediate chemical analysis, chemical composition, fiber dimensions, thermogravimetric analysis of wood under nitrogen atmosphere and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis. We highlight clone IAC 311 for fuel because it presents elevated Higher Heating Value and fixed carbon and less volatile material. However, the other genetic materials studied also meet the specifications for energy use and can be highly viable given their physical, chemical, energy, and thermal properties.

RESUMO Neste trabalho, foi realizada a previsão da distribuição de M. urundeuva Fr. All., com base na região de ocorrência natural da espécie. Suas coordenadas geográficas foram obtidas nas bases de dados online CRIA e SpecialLinks, a partir de artigos científicos e trabalhos de campo realizados pela Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) em Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brasil. M. urundeuva é uma espécie arbórea nativa com grande potencial para uso comercial no Brasil. Para tanto, foi utilizada a modelagem de nicho ecológico, com camadas atuais de variáveis climáticas e camadas preparadas para cenários climáticos futuros, de acordo com o 4º Relatório do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (AR4/IPCC), utilizando dados do Worldclim no Brasil. Com os programas Open Modeller e ArcGIS, foram gerados mapas para prever sua ocorrência para o período atual e para cenários climáticos futuros, feitos de acordo com as projeções de mudanças climáticas globais. Com a projeção de aumentos de temperatura e precipitação na região onde ocorre a espécie, ela tende a migrar para áreas do Brasil onde o clima é atualmente mais ameno, nas regiões Sul e Sudeste. Devido às mudanças climáticas, a espécie tende a sofrer mudanças na distribuição e tamanho de área até 2080. Foi projetado para a Caatinga e Pantanal, nos dois períodos, um aumento de área, enquanto para o Cerrado, no primeiro período, a área aumentou e para o segundo, diminuiu. Portanto, de acordo com os resultados dos mapas de projeções futuras para as próximas décadas, conclui-se que haverá mudanças na distribuição de M. urundeuva, com redução significativa da área potencial de ocorrência na região.

ABSTRACT In this work, the prediction of the distribution of M. urundeuva Fr. All. was performed based on the region of natural occurrence of the species. Its geographic coordinates were obtained from online databases CRIA and SpecialLinks, from scientific articles and fieldwork carried out by Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil. M. urundeuva is a native tree species with great potential for commercial use in Brazil. For this purpose, ecological niche modeling was used, with current layers of climate variables and layers prepared for future climate scenarios, according to the 4th Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (AR4/IPCC), using Worldclim data on Brazil. With the Open Modeller and ArcGIS programs, maps were generated to predict its occurrence for the current period and future climate scenarios, made according to the projections of global climate changes. With the projection of increases in temperature and precipitation in the area where the species occurs, it tends to migrate to areas of Brazil where the climate is currently milder, in the south and southeast regions. Due to climatic changes, the species tends to undergo changes in distribution and area size until 2080. It was projected for Caatinga and Pantanal, in both periods, an increase in area, while for the Cerrado, in the first period, the area increased, and, for the second, it decreased. Therefore, according to the results of the maps of future projections for the next decades, it is concluded that there will be changes in the distribution of M. urundeuva, with a significant reduction of the potential area of occurrence in the region.

Abstract Forest fragmentation in the Cerrado biome exposes the tree species Myracrodruon urundeuva to the risk of extinction. Thus, the objective of the study was to evaluate silvicultural characteristics related to wood quality, based on genetic parameters estimated in two M. urundeuva progenies from natural populations, assessed in Bauru-SP (PBAU) and Selvíria-MS (PSEL), 31 years after planting. The genetic parameters were estimated according to the REML/BLUP (Restricted maximum likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction) method using a mixed linear model. The progeny tests detected genetic variation. In PSEL, more positive genetic correlations and a greater number of clusters were observed. Based on the heartwood/sapwood ratio, a higher genetic gain was predicted for PBAU, and for the basic wood density, the genetic gain of the populations was approximately the same. Consequently, the areas of the two progeny tests may be used as future seed orchards to ensure wood quality and long-term ex situ conservation.