Abstract Paper aims This paper compares the economic valuation (Intrinsic Cost or IC) of carbon dioxide emissions (carbon price) of the externality taxes (Kyoto Protocol) of the Argentine Production Chain (APC). Originality The experimental IC index and this novel combination allow incorporating objective (incremental) and subjective (acceptance, hierarchy and uncertainty) evaluation of the APC. This method is extended in this paper (to other operators). Research method The ICs are applied to attribute graphs in two scenarios (APC and society), that are obtained from the combination of Fuzzy Decision Making (FMD), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and PSO with the Algebraic (AP), Generic Hamacher (GHP and PHP) and Einstein (EP) products. Main findings (i) The coherency of the new ICs is demonstrated by mathematical and graphical analysis; (ii) The most demanding operators are the EP and HP. Implications for theory and practice It contributes to establish mechanisms for regulation of the APC.

Resumen Este trabajo fue desarrollado para presentar un análisis conceptual y preliminar de los conceptos y criterios para estimar la Tasa de Retorno Energética (EROI). En este trabajo se discutieron métodos basados en estudios monetarios, Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (LCA) y se propuso un modelado de sistemas dinámicos. Al respecto, realizamos un desarrollo matemático, definiendo el estado y las variables auxiliares y los parámetros de ajuste necesarios para estudiar el problema. Se definieron algunos criterios y factores que inciden, en el mediano y largo plazo, en la sustentabilidad del sistema energético y buscan incorporarlos en áreas relevantes de discusión y educación, incentivando su difusión y revisión. Se busca discutir los temas y consideraciones para una metodología estandarizada que permita comparaciones y toma de decisiones, con el fin de minimizar el impacto ambiental.

Abstract This work was developed to present a conceptual and preliminary analysis of the concepts and criteria for estimating the Energy Return On Investment (EROI). In this work, methods based on monetary studies, Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) were discussed and a dynamical systems modeling was proposed. In this respect, we made a mathematical development, defining the state and auxiliary variables and the adjustment parameters necessary to study the problem. Some criteria and influencing factors were defined, in the medium and long term, the sustainability of the energy system and seek to incorporate them into relevant areas of discussion and education, encouraging their dissemination and reviews. It is sought to discuss the issues and considerations for a standardized methodology that allows comparisons and decision-making, in order to minimize environmental impact.

Abstract Paper aims the combination of the quality indices, a novel model called “Dynamic Growth Allocation Model (DGAM)”, Fuzzy Decision Making Theory (FDM), Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Evolutive Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) is proposed. Originality the multi-objective optimization (with uncertainty) of the Argentine energy transition is not sufficiently studied. This combined methodology in this problem was not published and it had good, relatively easy and fast results. Research method the optimization indices (EROI, CO2, IC and RP), the methodology used (DGAM, FDM, AHP and EPSO) and its results are analyzed. Main findings (i) the nuclear energy allowed the renewable transition; (ii) the fossil dismantling and the investment in biomass and wind are needed; (iii) the EROI depends on the good load factor, useful life and performance. Implications for theory and practice It is sought a minimum Renewable Participation (RP) of 20% of Argentina with a sustainable energy matrix.

Resumen La aplicación práctica de las energías renovables para solucionar la problemática ambiental de la actualidad sigue en discusión en la actualidad. En el presente artículo relevó el potencial de biomasa y biogás disponible en Entre Ríos y aprovechable en Concepción del Uruguay. En el primero se estudian la foresto, agroindustria y en el segundo los residuos orgánicos del gallinazo. Se presenta un novedoso aporte en relación a la Tasa de Retorno Energético para fuentes de generación renovable en argentina, el cual mide su rentabilidad energética, mediante el análisis de ciclo de vida para su cálculo, mediante la medición de los gastos energéticos en distintas etapas. Se busca en este artículo relevar los principales datos que serán usados en posteriores trabajos de optimización, sobre todo en la determinación de la rentabilidad energética de los generadores y la optimización de generación distribuida en media tensión.

Abstract The practical application of renewable energies to solve current environmental problems is still under discussion today. In this article, he surveyed the biomass and biogas potential available in Entre Ríos and usable in Concepción del Uruguay. In the first, the forestry, agro-industry and in the second the organic residues of the chickens are studied. A novel contribution is presented in relation to the Energy Return On Investment for renewable generation sources in Argentina, which measures its energy profitability, through the life cycle analysis for its calculation, by measuring energy expenses in different stages. This article seeks to reveal the main data that will be used in subsequent optimization work, especially in determining the energy profitability of generators and the optimization of distributed generation in medium voltage.