Abstract: This article presents the reflections of Jens Andermann on the landscape and the trance, through the novels Distancia de rescate (2015), El diablo de las provincias (2017), and De ganados y de hombres (2015). Narrations that are located in a literary tradition in which the landscape is no longer the Latin American metropolis, but the return to the hidden landscape that had been detached from life in the cities, and expelled from the stories in the proliferation of urban novels that occupied much of the fictions of the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century in Latin America.

Resumen: En este artículo se presentan las reflexiones de Jens Andermann sobre el paisaje y el trance, mediante las novelas Distancia de rescate (2015), El diablo de las provincias (2017), y De ganados y de hombres (2015). Narraciones que están situadas en una tradición literaria en la que el paisaje ya no es la metrópoli latinoamericana, sino el retorno al paisaje oculto que había sido desligado de la vida en las ciudades, y expulsado de los relatos en la proliferación de novelas urbanas que ocuparon gran parte de las ficciones de finales del siglo xx e inicios del xxi en Latinoamérica.

BACKGROUND: The role of mycoplasmas on the development and sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease remains controversial. The objective of the present study is to correlate directly the presence of Mycoplasmateceae through polimerase chain reaction (PCR) determinations in cervix and Fallopian tubes of infertile patients with tubo-peritoneal factor diagnosed through laparoscopy. METHODS: Thirty patients with tubo-peritoneal infertility and 30 normal fertile patients were included in the study; cervical samples and tubal flushings were obtained during laparoscopy. PCR determinations for the detection of genetic material of Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealiticum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis in cervix and tubal flushings were performed. RESULTS: No Mycoplasmataceae species as "only" microorganisms were found in tubal flushings of tubo-peritoneal infertility patients, whereas three (10%) fertile patients with normal tubes were positive for mycoplasma presence. This difference was not significant (p = 0.237). Among the 30 patients suffering from tubal infertility diagnosed through laparoscopy, Mycoplasmatecae species were not detected in the Fallopian tubes by PCR determinations, while in normal tubes from fertile patients these and other microorganisms could be found without distorting tubal anatomy. CONCLUSION: Mycoplasmateceae species were not detected in Fallopian tubes of women with tubo-peritoneal infertility.

In the present study, we investigated whether cellular damage, as demonstrated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in the human fallopian tube (FT) infected by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ngo), correlated with high levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) mRNA and enzyme activity. Infection with Ngo induced a significant increase (~35-fold) in mRNA transcripts of the inducible isoform of NOS. Paradoxically, a reduction in NOS enzyme activity was observed in infected cultures, suggesting that gonococcal infection possibly influences translation of iNOS mRNA to the enzyme. In addition, treatment with the NOS inhibitor TRIM did not prevent gonococcal-induced cellular damage. In contrast, the addition of the inhibitor L-NAME induced a 40% reduction in LDH release, which correlated with a ~50% reduction in gonococcal numbers. Moreover, treatment of normal FT explants with an exogenous NO donor, SNAP, did not induce significant cellular damage. Taken together, our data suggest that NO does not contribute to cellular damage during infection of the human FT with Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Background: Infection of the Fallopian tubes (FT) by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ngo) can lead to acute salpingitis, an inflammatory condition resulting in damage primarily to the ciliated cells, with loss of ciliary activity and sloughing of the cells from the epithelium. Recently, we have shown that Ngo infection induced apoptosis in FT epithelium cells by a TNF-alpha dependent mechanism that could contribute to the cell and tissue damage observed in gonococcal salpingitis. Aim: To investigate the apoptosis-related genes expressed during apoptosis induction in cultured FT epithelial cells infected in vitro by Ngo. Materials and Methods: In the current study, we used cDNA macroarrays and real time PCR to identify and determine the expression levels of apoptosis related genes during the in vitro gonococci infection of FT epithelial cells. Results: Significant apoptosis was induced following infection with Ngo. Macroarray analysis identified the expression of multiple genes of the TNF receptor family (TNFRSF1B, -4, -6, -10A, -10B and -10D) and the Bcl-2 family (BAK1, BAX, BLK, HRK and MCL-1) without differences between controls and infected cells. This lack of difference was confirmed by RT-PCR of BAX, Bcl-2, TNFRS1A (TNFR-I) and TNFRSF1B (TNFR-II). Conclusion: Several genes related to apoptosis are expressed in primary cultures of epithelial cells of the human Fallopian tube. Infection with Ngo induces apoptosis without changes in the pattern of gene expression of several apoptosis-related genes. Results strongly suggest that Ngo regulates apoptosis in the FT by post-transcriptional mechanisms that need to be further addressed

The maternal mortality rate in eclapsia varies from 0 to 20 percent in contemporany medical literature, The death of a patient may be viewed as the result a variable association of factors within a limited cl0inicophatologic and therapeutic spectrum . The largest percentage of preclampsia and eclampsia is attributed to cerebrovascular complications, primary cerebral hemorrhage and renal and hepatic failure. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is a contributed condition in 15% of hypertension death. Objective: the present is a descriptive study that was based on the analysis of clinical, laboratory and morphologic data, attempts to identify the major factor that influences the course of eclampsia, principally the neurological and cerebral findings. Results: we studied of a total 30 cases of necropsy due to eclampsia. 11 were preclampsia, and 19 cases were eclampsia, 15 cases with HELP syndrome. AII cases presented increase of arterial pressure, more than 100 mmHg of systolic pressure. 60 % presented gestasional disease of the 3 rd trimester. And de 40% in the second trimestry. The cerebral hemorrhage were the most important cerebral macroscopical findings, presented in the 33%, in the temporal lobe, 23% in cerebellum and occipital lobe in the 26%, pontine hemorrhage in 33%, and petechial hemorrhage in the white matter in the 33% and brain edema and hipoxic encephalopaty in all cases.

La mortalidad por eclampsia varía entre el rango de 0 al 20% según las diferentes series a nivel mundial. La muerte de las pacientes con eclampsia puede presentarse como resultado de la asociación de factores clinicopatológicos y terapéuticos. Una frecuencia alta de muerte por eclampsia se atribuye a complicaciones cerebrales y sobre todo a la hemorragia cerebral, factores que se asocian a daño renal y hepático, así como a la coagulación intravascular diseminada, situación que se presenta en el 15% de las muertes por hipertensión arterial asociada a embarazo. Objetivo: se estudiaron las lesiones cerebrales en 30 casos de autopsia, de pacientes con eclampsia, es un estudio retrospectivo, observacional, descriptivo. Material y métodos: en el servicio de patología de Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, de la Secretaría de Salud. Se revisaron los casos de autopsia de eclampsia / preclampsia, el estudio se basa en el análisis de resultados de laboratorio clínico y del estudio morfológico de las lesiones cerebrales en 30 casos. Resultados: 11 fueron preclampsia y 19 casos (63.7%) eclampsia. 15 (50%) presentaron síndrome de HELLP, de los cuales 3 casos (27.3 %) con preclampsia y 12 casos (63.2%) con eclampsia. Todos los casos presentaron cifras arteriales por arriba de 130 mmHg la sistólica y por arriba de 90mm/Hg la diastólica. El 60% de los casos, presentó en el tercer trimestre de la gestación y el 40% en el segundo trimestre. La hemorragia cerebral temporal se presentó en el 23%, hemorragia cerebelosa y occipital en el 26%, en puente en el 33%, edema cerebral en el 100%, encefalopatía hipóxica en el 92%, hemorragias parenquimatosias y petequias en el 33%, infartos cerebrales en el 16%.