Resumen La preocupación creciente por el incremento de la población mundial, el aumento de la demanda de alimentos y energía, así como por el cambio climático, genera la emergencia de iniciativas de agregado de valor vinculadas al desarrollo de territorios sustentables. El presente artículo se propone analizar el concepto de agregado de valor, y específicamente el agregado de valor territorial, a partir de una experiencia en torno a la bioeconomía circular en el municipio de Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se trata de una empresa innovadora orientada a la cría de insectos a partir de residuos orgánicos, obteniendo proteínas para la alimentación animal y abono. Bajo la metodología de estudio de caso revisamos fuentes secundarias y primarias, y analizamos el conjunto de actividades desarrolladas y coordinadas por la firma. Esta empresa muestra altas potencialidades en generar agregado de valor territorial con cuidado del medioambiente, para lo cual muestra un elevado desarrollo de construcción de redes multiescalares y multidimensionales, articulado entre modelos antagónicos para el desarrollo a nivel local.

Abstract The growing concern about world population increases, high demand for food and energy, as well as climate change, generates the emergence of value-added initiatives linked to the development of sustainable territories. This article aims to analyze the add value concept, and specifically the territorial add value, based on an experience around the circular bioeconomy in Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is an innovative firm oriented to insect breeding from organic waste, obtaining proteins for animal feed and compost. Under the case study methodology, secondary and primary sources were reviewed, and activities developed and coordinated by the firm were analyzed. This firm shows high potential in generating strategies for territorial add value in a sustainable way. Besides, it shows a high development of multiscale and multidimensional networks, articulating between antagonistic models at local level.

Abstract In recent decades, due to the advance of standardization, relocation and other transformations in the agri-food system, initiatives have emerged to enhance products considered typical and somehow related to cultural heritage. Identity, tradition and typicality, among other concepts, were among the arguments mobilized in a type of territorial innovation processes: the Agri-food Festivities. In a context where many different festivals take place in Argentina, this paper focuses on six cases from Buenos Aires Province: Fiesta del Vino de la Costa de Berisso, Fiesta del Alcaucil platense, Fiesta del Tomate Platense, Fiesta Salame Quintero de Mercedes, Fiesta del Postre Balcarce and Fiesta del Salame de Tandil. Through bibliographic review and interviews, those experiences are compared using the Localized Agri-Food Systems approach and examining their processes, tensions and the role they play as a value enhancement strategy. Among the results, heterogeneity stands out. Through agri-food festivals, local products are promoted for tourism but visibility and link between spaces and actors of the territory are also given. Recognition, after all, not only reinforces and resignifies links between the products and the places, it also rises contradictions.

Resumen En las últimas décadas, ante el avance de procesos de estandarización, deslocalización en el sistema agroalimentario, emergieron iniciativas de valorización de productos típicos, relacionados con el patrimonio cultural. Identidad, tradición y tipicidad estuvieron entre los argumentos movilizados en un tipo de innovación territorial: las Fiestas agroalimentarias. Después de indagar en fiestas que tienen lugar en el territorio argentino, este artículo focaliza en seis casos de la Provincia de Buenos Aires: Fiesta del Vino de la Costa de Berisso, Fiesta del Alcaucil Platense, Fiesta del Tomate Platense, Fiesta del Salame Quintero de Mercedes, Fiesta del Postre Balcarce y Fiesta del Salame de Tandil. A partir de una revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas, se comparan experiencias desde el enfoque de Sistemas Agroalimentarios Localizados para reflexionar en torno a características, tensiones y qué rol desempeñan como estrategia de valorización. Los resultados destacan que las fiestas agroalimentarias promocionan productos locales para el turismo pero también refuerzan y resignifican vínculos entre actores, producto y territorio. Asimismo emergen tensiones en torno a la fidelización del consumidor/asistente al producto y/o al evento, la producción artesanal/industrial, la articulación de los actores locales y/o extralocales que ponen en debate a las fiestas como estrategia de valorización.

Abstract The aim of this research paper was to reflect upon the role of agronomies and cereal traders in the social construction of Balcarce territory (Southeast of Buenos Aires province) since the year 2000. It focused on the interactions between global and local practices. After having carried out and analysed semi-structured interviews to company managers, employees and qualified informants, it was concluded that agricultural supply distributors are key in organizing local production systems. The practices and interactions among the different actors of this assemblage collaborate in the construction of a space of control and discipline under the command of transnational companies.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre el rol de las agronomías y acopios en la construcción social del territorio de Balcarce (sudeste bonaerense) a partir del año 2000. Para ello, se focaliza en las interacciones entre lo global y local, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a responsables de empresas, empleados e informantes calificados. Se concluye que los distribuidores de agroinsumos son clave en la organización de los sistemas productivos locales. Las prácticas e interacciones entre los diferentes actores de este ensamblaje colaboran en la construcción de un espacio de control y disciplinamiento al comando de las empresas transnacionales.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) based on nanocomposites containing different amounts of a commercial organically modified clay (viscogel B7) were prepared employing solution intercalation method. Three solvents, such as: CHCl3, dimethylchloride (DMC) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) were used. The relationship among the processing conditions; molecular structure and intermolecular interaction, between both nanocomposite components, were investigated using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), as a part of characterization methodology, which has been used by Tavares et al. It involves the hydrogen spin-lattice relaxation time, T1H, by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, employing low field NMR. X ray diffraction was also employed because it is a conventional technique, generally used to obtain the first information on nanocomposite formation. Changes in PHB crystallinity were observed after the organophilic nanoclay had been incorporated in the polymer matrix. These changes, in the microstructure, were detected by the variation of hydrogen nuclear relaxation time values and by X ray, which showed an increase in the clay interlamelar space due to the intercalation of the polymer in the clay between lamellae. It was also observed, for both techniques, that the solvents affect directly the organization of the crystalline region, promoting a better intercalation, considering that they behave like a plasticizer.