Abstract In the core of the Atlantic Forest biome, the Serra da Bocaina National Park (SBNP) is located in the Atlantic Forest Southeast area of endemism for vertebrates. Filling gaps in knowledge about the spatial distribution and occurrence of species in national parks is of fundamental importance to know how many species are protected and to guide conservation initiatives. Here we updated the non-volant small mammal species list of the SBNP, providing new data on species list and abundance, with species identified mainly by karyotype and/or molecular analysis. Twelve sampling sessions with a capture-mark-recapture approach were carried out in four sites in the SBNP from 2013 to 2016, during the paving works of the state highway RJ-165 (Estrada Parque Paraty-Cunha), municipality of Paraty, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Non-volant small mammals (Rodentia and Didelphimorphia) were sampled using Sherman® and Tomahawk® live traps (18,987 trap-nights) and pitfall traps (4,591 trap-nights). Thirty-two species (11 marsupials and 21 rodents) were recorded from 1,185 captured specimens. Species richness ranged from 18 to 28 between sites. Ten and 11 species were exclusively captured in live traps and pitfall traps, respectively. The observed richness (32 species) represented 91.4% of the estimated species richness for the study area. Sites 2 and 4 were the most similar to each other regarding species composition, and site 3 was the most dissimilar. The species with highest relative abundance were Euryoryzomys russatus (14%) and Delomys dorsalis (14%), while six species had relative abundances lower than 1%. Fourteen and 17 species were identified by karyotype and molecular analysis, respectively. The present study added 22 species to the park’s non-volant small mammals list, which now has 37 species with confirmed occurrence. This species richness found in the SBNP is one of the highest ever recorded for the group of non-volant small mammals in protected areas of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil, corroborating the Serra da Bocaina region as a biodiversity hotspot.

Resumen No cerne do bioma Mata Atlântica, o Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina (PNSB) está localizado na área Sudeste de endemismo para vertebrados na Mata Atlântica. Preencher lacunas de conhecimento sobre a distribuição espacial e ocorrência das espécies em parques nacionais é de fundamental importância para saber quantas espécies estão protegidas e orientar iniciativas de conservação. Aqui atualizamos a lista de espécies de pequenos mamíferos não-voadores do PNSB, fornecendo novos dados sobre a lista de espécies e abundância, com espécies identificadas principalmente por análises cariotípicas e/ou molecular. Doze sessões de amostragem com uma abordagem de captura-marcação-recaptura foram realizadas em quatro áreas no PNSB de 2013 a 2016, durante as obras de pavimentação da rodovia estadual RJ-165 (Estrada Parque Paraty-Cunha), município de Paraty, estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os pequenos mamíferos não-voadores (Rodentia e Didelphimorphia) foram amostrados usando armadilhas de captura viva Sherman® e Tomahawk® (18.987 armadilhas-noite) e armadilhas de queda (4.591 armadilhas-noite). Trinta e duas espécies (11 marsupiais e 21 roedores) foram registradas em 1.185 espécimes capturados. A riqueza de espécies variou de 18 a 28 entre as áreas de amostragem. Dez e 11 espécies foram capturadas exclusivamente em armadilhas de captura viva e armadilhas de queda, respectivamente. A riqueza observada (32 espécies) representou 91,4% da riqueza de espécies estimada para a área de estudo. As áreas 2 e 4 foram as mais semelhantes entre si quanto à composição de espécies, e a área 3 foi a mais dissimilar. As espécies com maior abundância relativa foram Euryoryzomys russatus (14%) e Delomys dorsalis (14%), enquanto seis espécies tiveram abundâncias relativas inferiores a 1%. Quatorze e 17 espécies foram identificadas pelo cariótipo e por análise molecular, respectivamente. O presente estudo acrescentou 22 espécies à lista de pequenos mamíferos não-voadores do parque, que passou a contar com 37 espécies com ocorrência confirmada. Essa riqueza de espécies encontrada no PNSB é uma das maiores já registradas para o grupo dos pequenos mamíferos não-voadores em áreas protegidas da Mata Atlântica no Brasil, corroborando a região da Serra da Bocaina como um hotspot de biodiversidade.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the evidence of validity, reliability and responsiveness of the Brazilian version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire for Emergency Care Units. Method: Methodological study carried out in September 2020 with 46 health professionals from an Emergency Care Unit in the metropolitan region of the State of Espírito Santo. Reliability was verified through the analysis of internal consistency, stability and reproducibility. The validity and responsiveness of the instrument were tested. Results: Cronbach's alpha=0.85, showing excellent internal consistency. All domains are positively and significantly correlated with each other. In the stability assessment, the domains Job Satisfaction, Management Perception and Working Conditions showed strong correlations. Conclusion: It is concluded that the instrument presents satisfactory values in the evaluation of psychometric properties, showing evidence of validity, reliability and responsiveness. Thus, it is validated to be reproduced in other Emergency Care Units in Brazil.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar las evidencias de validez, confiabilidad, y capacidad de respuesta de la versión brasileña del Cuestionario de Actitudes de Seguridad para Unidades de Atención de Emergencia. Método: Estudio metodológico realizado en septiembre de 2020 con 46 profesionales de la salud de una Unidad de Atención de Urgencias de la región metropolitana del Estado de Espírito Santo. La confiabilidad se verificó a través del análisis de consistencia interna, estabilidad y reproducibilidad. Se probó la validez y la capacidad de respuesta del instrumento. Resultados: Alfa de Cronbach=0,85, mostrando excelente consistencia interna. Todos los dominios están positiva y significativamente correlacionados entre sí. En la evaluación de la estabilidad, los dominios Satisfacción en el Trabajo, Percepción de la Gestión y Condiciones de Trabajo presentaron fuertes correlaciones. Conclusión: Se concluye que el instrumento presenta valores satisfactorios en la evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas, mostrando evidencias de validez, confiabilidad y capacidad de respuesta. Por lo tanto, está validado para ser reproducido en otras Unidades de Atención de Emergencia en Brasil.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as evidências de validade, confiabilidade e responsividade da versão brasileira do instrumento Questionário de Atitudes de Segurança para Unidades de Pronto Atendimento. Método: Estudo metodológico realizado em setembro de 2020 com 46 profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento da região metropolitana do Estado do Espírito Santo. A confiabilidade foi verificada através da análise de consistência interna, estabilidade e reprodutibilidade. Foram testadas a validade e a responsividade do instrumento. Resultados: O alfa de Cronbach=0,85, evidenciando ótima consistência interna. Todos os domínios se correlacionam entre si de maneira positiva e significativa. Na avaliação da estabilidade, os domínios Satisfação no Trabalho, Percepção da Gerência e Condições de Trabalho apresentaram fortes correlações. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o instrumento apresenta valores satisfatórios na avaliação das propriedades psicométricas, mostrando evidências de validade, confiabilidade e responsividade. Dessa forma, está validado para ser reproduzido em outras Unidades de Pronto Atendimento no Brasil.

ABSTRACT Plant resistance is an important tactic within the precepts of Integrated Pest Management, and the existence of grain sorghum hybrids with multiple insect resistance could benefit crop management and sustainability. This study evaluated the susceptibility of 30 grain-sorghum hybrids to three major pests, namely, fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, sugarcane borer (SCB) Diatraea saccharalis, and green-belly stink bug (GBS) Diceraeus melacanthus. The hybrids were cultivated and experiments with each insect species were conducted separately in a greenhouse. For FAW, visual injury assessments were performed on plants 7 and 14 days after infestation (DAI). For SCB, insect presence and injury were assessed 40 DAI. For GBS, the plants were evaluated using a damage rating scale 12, 19, and 26 DAI. Cluster analysis allowed separating the grain sorghum hybrids into groups regarding the levels of resistance to each pest. Hybrid BRS373 stood out as moderately resistant to FAW; AG1090, 80G20, BRAVO, BRS373, AG1615, and IG220 were the most promising for SCB; and for GBS, hybrids 50A40, A9735R, JADE, ENFORCER, BUSTER, 50A10, and IG244 were the most nominated. This information will significantly aid sorghum breeding programs focused on developing commercial hybrids that comprise both insect-resistance and high-yield characteristics. However, further research should evaluate potential chemical and morphological plant traits underlying the lower levels of susceptibility to FAW, SCB, and GBS found in the selected sorghum hybrids.

ABSTRACT Introduction: cholelithiasis is a highly prevalent disease of the digestive system in the world. In Brazil, it is a routine condition, whose studies suggest a prevalence of around 10% of adults. Colonization of bile and gallstone pathogens can occur when there is bacterial stasis and proliferation. This proliferation is facilitated by the adhesion and biofilm formation capacity of some bacteria. There are also lithogenic processes that involve bacterial participation. Studies have shown changes in the microbiota of the gallbladder of patients undergoing cholecystectomy, which may impact empirical treatment with antibiotics. Methodology: microbiological analyzes of the sonication fluid of the gallstones and of two samples with bile were performed. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed according to a standard routine. Results: of the 34 patients, 76.4% were female. The age group was 48 years +/- 16.61. Acute cholecystitis occurred in 50% of cases. Bactobilia was evidenced in 32.1% of the cases. Klebisiella pneumoniae was noted as the most prevalent pathogen in acute cholecystitis; and Enterobacter sp, in cases of uncomplicated cholelithiasis. Greater sensitivity was obtained in the search for microorganisms in the sonication fluid samples of the stones in relation to the bile samples (p=0.0058). Conclusion: there was a higher prevalence of bactobilia in patients with acute cholecystitis compared to those with uncomplicated cholelithiasis. The use of sonication in bacterial investigation proved to be superior to the conventional method and can be considered.

RESUMO Introdução: a colelitíase é uma doença do sistema digestivo de alta prevalência no mundo. No Brasil, trata-se de uma condição rotineira, cujos estudos sugerem uma prevalência em torno de 10% dos adultos. A colonização de patógenos da bile e do cálculo biliar pode ocorrer quando há estase e proliferação bacteriana. Esta proliferação é facilitada pela capacidade de adesão e de formação de biofilme de algumas bactérias. Também há processos litogênicos que envolvem a participação bacteriana. Estudos evidenciaram mudanças na microbiota da vesícula biliar de pacientes submetidos à colecistectomia, o que pode impactar no tratamento empírico com antibióticos. Metodologia: Realizou-se análises microbiológicas do fluido de sonicação dos cálculos biliares e de duas amostras com bile. A identificação e o teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos foram realizados de acordo com uma rotina padrão. Resultados: Nos 34 pacientes, 76,4% deles foram do sexo feminino. A faixa etária foi de 48 anos +/- 16,61. A colecistite aguda ocorreu em 50% dos casos. A bactobilia foi evidenciada em 32,1% dos casos. Notou-se Klebisiella pneumoniae como o patógeno mais prevalente em quadros de colecistite aguda; e Enterobacter sp, nos casos de colelitíase não complicada. Obteve-se maior sensibilidade na pesquisa de microrganismos nas amostras de fluido de sonicação dos cálculos em relação às de bile (p=0,0058). Conclusão: Houve maior prevalência de bactobilia nos pacientes com colecistite aguda em relação àqueles com colelitíase não complicada. A utilização da sonicação na investigação bacteriana se mostrou superior ao método convencional e pode ser considerada.

ABSTRACT Global consumption of oilseeds has been growing progressively in the last five growing seasons, in which soybean represents 60% of this sector. Thus, in order to maintain a high production in the region of Rio Verde, State of Goiás, against the phytopathological problems, this study aimed to define the best spectral range for the detection of H. glycines and P. brachyurus by linear regressions in soybean at R3 stage, as well as the elaboration of mathematical models through multiple linear regressions. For this, soil and root were sampled in the experimental area, as well as a flight was performed with the Sentera sensor. Data were used for the elaboration of regressions and for the validation of 2 mathematical models. Significant values were observed in simple linear regression only for cysts, in the visible range, with a good R² value for the Green, Red and 568 nm bands, to nonviable cysts. When working with the stepwise statistics, better results are found for H. glycines, which now has an R²(aj) of 0.7430 and P. brachyurus is then detected. From the mathematical model obtained with the multiple linear regression for non-viable cysts with an R²(aj) of 0.7430, it is possible to detect the spatial distribution of nematodes across the soybean field, in order to perform a localized management, optimizing the applications. Good results are also possible using the mathematical model obtained by simple linear regression.

ABSTRACT Distal femoral metaphyseal fractures are rare in children, and the proximity of the fracture to the growth plate makes their approach challenging. Objective Evaluate outcomes and complications of treatment of distal femoral metaphyseal fractures in children with proximal humeral locking plates. Method Retrospective study between 2018 and 2021, including seven patients. The analysis included general characteristics, trauma mechanism, classification, clinical and radiographic outcomes, and complications. Results The mean follow-up was 20 months, the average age was nine years, five patients were boys, and six fractured on the right side. Five fractures were caused by car accidents, one by falling from their own height and one by playing soccer. Five fractures were classified as 33-M/3.2 and two as 33-M/3.1. Three fractures were open, Gustilo IIIA. All seven patients recovered mobility and resumed their pre-trauma activities. All seven healed, and one fracture was reduced to 5 degrees valgus, without any other complications. Six patients had the implant removed and did not present refracture. Conclusion Treatment of distal femoral metaphyseal fractures with proximal humeral locking plates is a viable option that offers good results and fewer complications, saving the epiphyseal cartilage. Level of Evidence II; Controlled study without randomization.

RESUMO As fraturas metafisárias distais do fêmur são raras em crianças, a proximidade da fratura com a placa de crescimento torna a sua abordagem desafiadora. Objetivo Avaliar resultados e complicações do tratamento das fraturas da metáfise distal do fêmur em crianças com placas de úmero proximal. Método Estudo retrospectivo entre 2018 e 2021 incluindo sete pacientes. A análise incluiu características gerais, mecanismo do trauma, classificação, resultados clínicos, radiográficos e complicações. Resultados A média do acompanhamento foi de 20 meses, a idade média foi de nove anos, cinco pacientes eram meninos e seis fraturas do lado direito. Cinco fraturas por acidentes automobilísticos, uma por queda da própria altura e uma jogando futebol. Cinco fraturas classificadas como 33-M/3,2 e duas como 33-M/3,1. Três fraturas foram expostas, Gustilo IIIA. Todos os sete pacientes recuperaram a mobilidade e retomaram às atividades anteriores ao trauma. Todas as sete fraturas consolidaram, uma fratura foi reduzida com valgo de 5 graus, e não houveram outras complicações. Seis pacientes tiveram o implante removido e não apresentaram refratura. Conclusão O tratamento das fraturas da metáfise distal do fêmur com placas de úmero proximal é uma opção viável que oferece bons resultados com poucas complicações, poupando a cartilagem epifisária. Nível de Evidência II; Estudo controlado sem randomização.

ABSTRACT Phosphites can be considered an additional strategy to be included in disease management programs. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the application of potassium phosphite (KPhi) in common bean seeds, in the reduction of intensity of root rot (Rhizoctonia solani) and in the compatibility with Rhizobium tropici, a nitrogen-fixing bacterium. The emergence speed index (ESI) and the percentage of total emergence were evaluated in seeds inoculated with R. solani and treated with KPhi. The number of nodules per root system, dry nodule mass, quantified the compatibility Phi x R. tropici, dry mass, nitrogen content, and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots. KPhi promoted a higher ESI and increase in plant stand compared to the control treatment. The number of nodules formed and the nitrogen content and accumulation in the KPhi treatments were similar to control (seeds inoculated with R. tropici). Thus, the treatment of seeds with KPhi provides control of R. solani and is compatible with R. tropici.

Abstract Aim: This study aims to evaluate the additional acute effect of virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMD) when associated with balance exercises in balance outcomes in non-disabled individuals. Methods: Thirty individuals were randomized into two groups: balance exercise group (GBE; n = 15); and virtual reality + balance exercise group (GVR + BE; n = 15). The individuals were evaluated by static and dynamic balance using the tandem test (TT), single-leg stance (SLS), and Fukuda stepping test (FST). Both groups performed 30 min of balance exercises. The GVR + BE performed 8 additional minutes of virtual reality prior to balance exercises. A roller coaster application was used for the HMD. The Mann-Whitney test was used for intra-group and differences of inter-group analysis, considering a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: In the GBE group analysis, there was observed an increase of time in TT with closed eyes (p = 0.025) and SLS with closed eyes (p = 0.003). In the same way, the GVR + BE group increase TT with closed eyes (p = 0.003) and SLS with closed eyes (p = 0.002) after the intervention. In the intergroup analysis, the increase in the SLS with closed eyes was superior in the GVR + BE group when compared with GBE (p = 0.006; d = 1.67). Conclusion: The use of HMD in combination with balance exercise has an acute effect on increasing static balance in non-disabled individuals.

Resumo Este trabalho é fruto do interesse em compreender a influência do Fairtrade no desenvolvimento do capital social. Para tanto, o estudo teve como principal objetivo investigar a influência do Fairtrade no desenvolvimento do capital social entre os cafeicultores Fairtrade associados à Cooperativa “Dos Costas”, que tem sede no município de Boa Esperança-MG. A condução da pesquisa permitiu investigar a existência de relações de confiança, cooperação e participação entre os atores, bem como os laços que mantêm o grupo unido e caminhando na mesma direção. A pesquisa qualitativa contou com a realização de análise documental, entrevistas em profundidade intencional (3 cafeicultores gestores da cooperativa) e por conveniência (6 cafeicultores associados), e com a observação não participante. Os resultados evidenciaram a influência do Fairtrade no fomento ao trabalho colaborativo, fortalecendo as já existentes relações de confiança, cooperação e participação entre os cafeicultores, e contribuindo ainda para a formação de novos laços e o desenvolvimento do capital social.

Abstract This work is the result of an interest in understanding the influence of Fair-trade in the development of capital. In addition, the study aimed at investigating the influence of Fair-trade on the development of capital among Fair-trade coffee growers associated with the Cooperative “Dos Costas”, which is based in the municipality of Boa Esperança-MG. The conduct of the research allowed the investigation of the existence of relationships of trust, cooperation and participation between the actors, as well as the ties that hold the group together and moving in the same direction. The qualitative research included documentary analysis, intentional in-depth interviews (three coffee farmers who manage the cooperative) and for convenience (six associated coffee farmers), and non-participant observation. The results showed the influence of Fair-trade in fostering collaborative work, strengthening the already existing relationships of trust, cooperation and participation, among coffee growers, and also contributing to the formation of new ties and the development of capital.

Abstract Collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) is a wild animal, which the meat presents high levels of proteins and unsaturated fatty acids that enable the development of innovative healthier food products. In this study, fresh sausages of collared peccary meat were developed with claimed functional appeal due to the addition of dietary fibers. The fresh sausages were prepared using a standard formulation (SF) without the addition of dietary fibers, and four other formulations containing oat (OF), wheat (WF), cassava (CF), and a mixture of the three fibers (OWCF). Both the collared peccary meats and the sausages were in accordance with the bacteriological limits established by the Brazilian law. The palette and ham meat presented around 6.7-7.0% of total lipids and 20.96% of total proteins, while in the sausages these values varied from 19.7-24.1% of total lipids and ≈15.5% of total proteins. SF and OWCF sausages were the most accepted among consumers, with acceptance index of 87% for both sausages, and purchase intention above 4 (scale from 1 to 5). Therefore, the use of collared peccary meat, to prepare fresh sausages with dietary fiber addition, can be seen as a promising innovative alternative to provide a healthier protein-containing food with pleasing sensory characteristics.

RESUMO Objetivo analisar a relação entre insuficiência familiar e a condição e os marcadores de fragilidade física de idosos acompanhados em ambulatório de Geriatria e Gerontologia. Método estudo quantitativo e transversal realizado com 384 idosos (≥ 60 anos) selecionados por critérios pré-estabelecidos de inclusão e exclusão. Avaliaram-se a fragilidade física segundo o fenótipo da fragilidade e a insuficiência familiar pelo APGAR de Família. Analisaram-se os dados mediante a estatística descritiva e a análise univariada mediante o teste de qui-quadrado com nível de significância estatístico de p≤0,05. Resultados não houve associação entre insuficiência familiar e fragilidade física (p=0,344), entretanto, observou-se percentual de idosos frágeis com elevada Disfunção Familiar (22,2%) e moderada Disfunção Familiar (19,4%), maior que o observado entre os idosos com boa funcionalidade familiar (12,2%). Entre os idosos frágeis para o marcador “fadiga/exaustão”, houve proporcionalidade direta ao grau de Disfunção Familiar e relação estatisticamente significativa ao escore total do APGAR de Família (p=0,001). Conclusão e implicações para a prática a insuficiência familiar no idoso está relacionada a outros fatores intrafamiliares e não exclusivamente à fragilidade física, no entanto, pode-se afirmar que o grau de fragilidade física entre os idosos é diretamente proporcional ao nível de Disfunção Familiar.

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the relationship between family insufficiency and the condition and the markers of physical frailty of elderly people followed up in a Geriatrics and Gerontology outpatient clinic. Method a quantitative and cross-sectional study conducted with 384 elderly (≥ 60 years) selected by pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Physical frailty was assessed according to the frailty phenotype and family insufficiency by the Family APGAR. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and univariate analysis using the chi-square test with a statistical significance level of p≤0.05. Results there was no association between family insufficiency and physical frailty (p=0.344), however, it was observed a percentage of frail elderlies with high Family Dysfunction (22.2%) and moderate Family Dysfunction (19.4%), higher than that observed among the elderly with good family functioning (12.2%). Among the frail elderly for the marker “fatigue/exhaustion”, there was a direct proportionality to the degree of Family Dysfunction and a statistically significant relation to the total score of the Family APGAR (p=0.001). Conclusion and implications for the practice family frailty in the elderly is related to other intra-family factors and not exclusively to physical frailty, however, it can be stated that the degree of physical frailty among the elderly is directly proportional to the level of Family Dysfunction.

RESUMEN Objetivo analizar la relación entre insuficiencia familiar y la condición y los marcadores de fragilidad física de ancianos acompañados en ambulatorio de Geriatría y Gerontología. Método estudio cuantitativo y transversal realizado con 384 ancianos (≥ 60 años) seleccionados por criterios preestablecidos de inclusión y exclusión. La fragilidad física fue evaluada de acuerdo el fenotipo de la fragilidad y la insuficiencia familiar según el APGAR de Familia. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva y el análisis univariada por prueba de chi-cuadrado con nivel de significancia estadístico de p≤0,05. Resultados no hubo asociación entre insuficiencia familiar y fragilidad física (p=0,344), sin embargo, han sido observados ancianos frágiles con elevada Disfunción Familiar (22,2%) y moderada Disfunción Familiar (19,4%), mayor que lo observado entre los ancianos con buena funcionalidad familiar (12,2%). Entre los ancianos frágiles para el marcador “fatiga/agotamiento” hubo proporcionalidad directa al grado de Disfunción Familiar y relación estadísticamente significativa a la puntuación total del APGAR de Familia (p=0,001). Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica la insuficiencia familiar en el anciano está relacionada a otros factores intrafamiliares y no exclusivamente a la fragilidad física, sin embargo, se puede afirmar que el grado de fragilidad física entre los ancianos es directamente proporcional al nivel de Disfunción Familiar.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a correlação entre a condição de fragilidade física e as síndromes geriátricas instabilidade postural, incontinência urinária e insuficiência familiar em pessoas idosas da assistência ambulatorial de geriatria e gerontologia. Métodos Estudo quantitativo transversal, desenvolvido com uma amostra de 381 pessoas idosas com 60 anos ou mais. Investigaram-se a condição de fragilidade física e as síndromes da instabilidade postural, incontinência urinária e insuficiência familiar. Os instrumentos de avaliação empregados foram os marcadores do fenótipo de Fried, Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Short Form e Adaptation Partneship Growth Affection Resolve, respectivamente. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva, bivariada (p<0,05) e de regressão pelo modelo ordinal. Resultados Dos participantes, 56 (14,7%) eram frágeis, 217 (57%) pré-frágeis, 108 (28,3%) não frágeis; 103 (27%) apresentavam incontinência urinária, 98 (25,7%) insuficiência familiar e 62 (16,3%) instabilidade postural. Quanto ao quantitativo de síndromes geriátricas, 183 (48%) pessoas idosas não apresentaram, 139 (36,5%) uma síndrome, 53 (14%) duas, e seis (1,5%) três. Houve associação significativa (p<0,001) com um grau de associação longe de 0 (Cramer’s V = 0,496) e “alta” correlação (Policórica = 0,7) entre fragilidade física e instabilidade postural. Conclusão Houve correlação significativa entre fragilidade física e instabilidade postural. Incontinência urinária e insuficiência familiar não se mostraram associadas à fragilidade física, embora a maioria era frágil e pré-frágil.

Abstract Objective To analyze the correlation between the condition of physical frailty and the geriatric syndromes, postural instability, urinary incontinence, and family insufficiency in older adults in geriatrics and gerontology outpatient care. Methods Quantitative cross-sectional study developed with a sample of 381 older adults 60 years or more. The physical frailty condition and the syndromes of postural instability, urinary incontinence, and family insufficiency were investigated. The evaluation instruments used were Fried’s phenotype markers, Berg Balance Scale, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form and Adaptability, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve, respectively. Data were analyzed by descriptive, bivariate (p<0.05), and regression statistics by ordinal model. Results Among the participants, 56 (14.7%) were frail, 217 (57%) pre-frail, 108 (28.3%) non-frail; 103 (27%) had urinary incontinence, 98 (25.7%) family insufficiency and 62 (16.3%) postural instability. As for the number of geriatric syndromes, 183 (48%) older adults did not present, 139 (36.5%) presented one syndrome, 53 (14%) two, and six (1.5%) three. There was a significant association (p<0.001) with a degree of association far from 0 (Cramer’s V = 0.496) and “high” correlation (Polychoric correlation = 0.7) between physical frailty and postural instability. Conclusion There was a significant correlation between physical frailty and postural instability. Urinary incontinence and family insufficiency were not associated with physical frailty, although most were frail and pre-frail.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la correlación entre la condición de fragilidad física y los síndromes geriátricos: inestabilidad postural, incontinencia urinaria e insuficiencia familiar en adultos mayores de la atención ambulatoria en geriatría y gerontología. Métodos Estudio cuantitativo transversal, desarrollado con una muestra de 381 adultos mayores de 60 años o más. Se investigó la condición de fragilidad física y los síndromes de la inestabilidad postural, incontinencia urinaria e insuficiencia familiar. Los instrumentos utilizados para la evaluación fueron los marcadores de fenotipo de Fried, Escala de Equilibrio de Berg, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Short Form y Adaptation Partneship Growth Affection Resolve, respectivamente. Los datos se analizaron por estadística descriptiva, bivariante (p<0,05) y de regresión por el modelo ordinal. Resultados De los participantes, 56 (14,7 %) eran frágiles, 217 (57 %) pre frágiles, 108 (28,3 %) no frágiles; 103 (27 %) presentaban incontinencia urinaria, 98 (25,7 %) insuficiencia familiar y 62 (16,3 %) inestabilidad postural. Respecto a la cantidad de síndromes geriátricos, 183 (48 %) adultos mayores no presentaron ninguno, 139 (36,5 %) un síndrome, 53 (14 %) dos síndromes y seis (1,5 %) tres síndromes. Hubo asociación significativa (p<0,001) con grado de asociación distante de 0 (Cramer’s V = 0,496) y “alta” correlación (Policórica = 0,7) entre fragilidad física e inestabilidad postural. Conclusión Hubo correlación significativa entre fragilidad física e inestabilidad postural. Incontinencia urinaria e insuficiencia familiar no demostraron estar asociadas a la fragilidad física, aunque la mayoría era frágil y pre frágil.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical quality of the soils by evaluating the variation of soil penetration resistance, resulting from tillage with chiseling in the planting row and in total area, and the possible interferences of the managements in sugarcane yield. The study was carried out in southeastern Brazil, in areas under Oxisol and Ultisol, which are the two soils with the greatest representativeness of sugarcane cultivation in the country. The treatments consisted of soil tillage in total area and localized tillage in the sugarcane planting row, with 10 replicates. Undisturbed soil samples were collected in the 0-0.10, 0.10-0.20, and 0.20-0.40-m soil layers in sugarcane rows and interrows in both soil types for penetration resistance determination in laboratory. Samplings were carried out at three times, the first after soil tillage, the second after sugarcane planting, and the third six months after planting. Compared to the system with tillage in total area, localized tillage promoted higher values of soil penetration resistance in sugarcane interrows. However, this was not enough to reduce the crop yield. In the planting row, there are no differences between tillage types for soil penetration resistance. Localized soil tillage in sugarcane crop is a conservation and sustainable alternative that can replace soil tillage in total area, not interfering in the PR determined in the crop row and not altering the stem yield, regardless of the soil type.

ABSTRACT Studies about seed dispersal and germination are important to understand patterns of plant distribution and abundance, and help establish strategies for environmental conservation. We evaluated the role of two different dispersers, the ant Atta laevigata and the maned wolf Chrysocyon brachyurus, in the germination of Copaifera arenicola seeds, a characteristically myrmecochorous plant species. Germination was evaluated for seeds subjected to four treatments: (1) seeds manipulated by the ant, (2) seeds ingested by the maned wolf, (3) seeds that had the elaiosome removed manually, and (4) seeds with elaiosome (unmanipulated seeds). Seeds manipulated by the ant and seeds that had the elaiosome removed manually required less time to germinate and had higher germination percentages (98.6% and 95.8%, respectively) than the other treatments. However, seeds ingested by the maned wolf also had a high germination percentage (87.7%), above that of unmanipulated seeds (34.7%). Probably, elaiosomes of unmanipulated seeds and small remnants of this structure that resist digestion by maned wolf can decrease to some extent seed germination. We argue that dispersal of C. arenicola seeds by the ant and by the maned wolf result in different patterns of seed distribution in the environment and that they have complementary roles in structuring plant populations.

Abstract Sanukitoid rocks make up a complete magmatic series with distinct geochemical characteristics of TTG suites and granitoids from modern magmatic arcs and are regarded as markers of the transition from typically Archean geodynamics to modern plate tectonics. Although most known sanukitoid suites formed during the Neoarchean and Mesoarchean, numerous papers have characterized Paleoproterozoic magmatic arc granitoid rocks showing affinity with the sanukitoid series. This work presents new data from field, lithogeochemistry, zircon U-Pb geochronology, and Sm-Nd and Sr isotopic studies on granodioritic granulites with sanukitoid signatures from the Juiz de Fora Complex (JFC), one of the Paleoproterozoic tectonic components of the Minas-Bahia Orogenic System (MBOS), southern São Francisco Paleocontinent (southeastern Brazil). These rocks crystallized at ~2175 Ma and present values of εNdt between −4.0 and +0.5, TDM between 2.57 and 2.12 Ga, and 87Sr/86Sri between 0.6937 and 0.7137. We interpret these rocks as the result of crystallization of magmas from a hybrid mantle source extensively contaminated by crustal material during protracted subduction. In southeastern São Francisco Paleocontinent, the association of sanukitoid rocks with other magmatic arc rocks points to a complex and prolonged Rhyacian accretionary system similar to modern plate tectonics.