Resumen La batata (Ipomoea batatas L.) es una hortaliza de gran importancia económica ya que se puede utilizar para el consumo de natura, para el procesamiento en agronegocios y/o la producción de biocombustibles. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el rendimiento de tres cultivares de batata: BRS Amelia, BRS Cuia y BRS Rubissol en la región noroeste de Rio Grande do Sul. El experimento se realiza en el campo durante dos años consecutivos (cosechas 2014/2015 y 2015/2016). El diseño experimental fue en bloques al azar, evaluando 3 cultivares de camote durante 2 años agrícolas, con 4 repeticiones. Como resultados, se observa que el peso de la papa en el primer año de estudio varía de 272.0 g a 320.2 g. En el segundo año de evaluación, varía de 133.9 g a 247.1 g. En relación con la productividad promedio, los valores obtenidos en el primer año fueron 15.2 t ha-1 para BRS Amelia, 19.8 t ha-1 para BRS Cuia y 16.2 t ha-1 para BRS Rubissol. En el segundo año de evaluación, los valores fueron 12.3 t ha-1 para BRS Amelia, 16.1 t ha-1 para BRS Cuia y 13.1 t ha-1 para BRS Rubissol. Los cultivares presentaron rendimientos más altos que el promedio nacional de Brazil en los dos años evaluados.

Abstract The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a vegetable of great economic importance since it can be used for in natura consumption, for processing in agribusiness and/or biofuel production. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield of three sweet potato cultivars: BRS Amelia, BRS Cuia and BRS Rubissol in the Northwest Region of Rio Grande do Sul. The experiment was conducted in the field for two consecutive years (harvests 2014/2015 and 2015/2016). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, evaluating 3 sweet potato cultivars for 2 agricultural years, with 4 replications. As results, it was observed that potato weights in the first year of study ranged from 272.0 g to 320.2 g. In the second year of evaluation, it ranged from 133.9 g to 247.1 g. In relation to the average productivity, the values obtained in the first year were 15.2 t ha-1 for BRS Amelia, 19.8 t ha-1 for BRS Cuia and 16.2 t ha-1 for BRS Rubissol. In the second year of evaluation, the values were 12.3 t ha-1 for BRS Amelia, 16.1 t ha-1 for BRS Cuia and 13.1 t ha-1 for BRS Rubissol. Cultivars presented yields higher than the national average from Brazil in the two evaluated years.

RESUMO A presente pesquisa avaliou o potencial microbiano de uma biopilha na biorremediação de solos contaminados por hidrocarbonetos, montada em uma base de distribuição de combustíveis na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Desta biopilha, foram avaliadas as concentrações dos hidrocarbonetos totais de petróleo (HTP) e de compostos benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (BTEX), em nove pontos, durante quatro etapas de operação e em três profundidades por ponto. De cada coleta, também foram reservadas amostras de solo para realização das análises microbiológicas. A partir dessas amostras, buscou-se identificar fungos e leveduras pela análise de suas estruturas reprodutivas em lâminas de microcultivo, e bactérias pela técnica da Reação em Cadeira da Polimerase (PCR) e sequenciamento do gene que codifica o RNAr 16S. Ainda, avaliou-se a capacidade dos microrganismos isolados em degradar óleo diesel comercial, utilizando o indicador redox 2,6-diclorofenol indofenol (DCPIP). Como resultado deste estudo, observaram-se elevados percentuais de redução nas concentrações de HTP e BTEX na biopilha, como 92 e 100%, respectivamente. Das amostras de solo da biopilha, foram isoladas 101 cepas de microrganismos, das quais foram identificadas 19 cepas de fungos filamentosos, 34 de bactérias e 1 de levedura. Os resultados evidenciaram a capacidade de alguns gêneros de fungos, como Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Cladosporium e Verticillium, e bactérias, como Bacillus spp. e Streptomyces sp., em degradar hidrocarbonetos constituintes do óleo diesel comercial.

ABSTRACT This research evaluated the microbial potential of a biopile in bioremediation of soils contaminated by hydrocarbons, mounted on a fuel distribution base in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Of this biopile were evaluated concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and benzene compounds, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) at nine points, for four stages of operation and a point in three depths. Of each collection were also reserved sampled soil to perform the microbiological testing. From the samples, we sought to identify fungi and yeasts by analyzing their reproductive structures microcultivation blades, and bacteria by the technique of Polymerase Reaction Chair (PCR) and gene sequencing encoding the 16S rRNA. Still, we evaluated the ability of microorganisms to degrade commercial diesel oil, using the redox indicator 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP). As result of this study, there was a high percentage reduction in the concentration of TPH and BTEX in biopilha as 92 and 100%, respectively. Of soil samples were isolated from biopilha 101 strains of microorganisms, of which 19 were identified strains of filamentous fungi and 34 bacterial yeast. The results showed the ability of some genera of fungi such as Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Cladosporium and Verticillium and bacteria such as Bacillus spp. and Streptomyces sp. to degrade hydrocarbons constituents of commercial diesel oil.