ABSTRACT Nitric oxide application has been seen as a promising technique to extend the postharvest life of various fresh fruits and vegetables. This is the first work involving the spray application of nitric oxide donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) on Golden papaya. Considering that results are very distinct depending on the type of the nitric oxide donor, the form of application, the concentration used and the species studied, the application must be adapted to each necessity. The aim of this study was to relate the application of GSNO, spray applied at 10, 100, 1,000 ?M, with the physiological, physical-chemical, and biochemical changes of Golden papaya, in the first 72 h of ripening. Control fruit was sprayed with distilled water. GSNO application did not interfere on color and chlorophyll fluorescence of the peel, on soluble solids, titratable acidity, lipid peroxidation, and in the level of S-nitrosothiols. Control fruit and 10-?M GSNO sprayed showed lower respiration. After 72 h of ripening at 25°C, all fruits showed an increase in ethylene biosynthesis, except for those treated with 10 ?M GSNO. Papaya sprayed with 10-?M GSNO showed the highest pulp firmness and 52% less weight loss when compared to control fruit. GSNO was also responsible for increasing the ascorbic acid in papayas, besides showing an increase in total antioxidant activity production. The results indicated that the application of 10 ?M of GSNO by spray can potentially preserve the quality characteristics of Golden papaya, mainly due to the lower ethylene production, the delay in the firmness loss, and the less weight loss.

O uso de cobre na confecção de destiladores e acessórios para a indústria de bebidas destiladas é uma necessidade para o ganho de qualidade sensorial da bebida. O presente trabalho teve por escopo correlacionar o teor de cobre com o grau alcoólico e a acidez do destilado. Constatou-se que os teores de cobre durante a destilação acompanham os teores de acidez do destilado, encontrando-se ambos em maior concentração na fração cauda. Cortando-se a destilação do produto com alto grau alcoólico os teores de acidez e de cobre são reduzidos.

The copper use as a material for stills and auxiliary piping manufacturing is an important factor that affects the sensorial distilled beverage quality. The aim of this work was to study the relationships between copper content and alcoholic degree and the acidity levels in the distilled product. Copper levels during the distillation process follow the distilled product acidity levels, where greater concentration of both of them in the tail fraction was noticed. When the product destillation is stopped at a higher alcoholic degree, the acidity levels drop as well as the copper contents in sugar cane distilled beverage.

O conhecimento de substâncias de impacto sensorial que compõem uma bebida destilada é fundamental no monitoramento da produção, na modificação de suas características e/ou no controle de qualidade da bebida. Na destilação ocorre a separação, a seleção e a concentração destas substâncias. Foram analisadas dezesseis amostras de aguardente através de análises físico-químicas e sensorial e, posteriormente, estabelecidas relações entre elas através da análise de fatores pelo método dos componentes principais. Em seguida, foi investigado o comportamento das substâncias importantes à qualidade sensorial da bebida durante o processo de destilação. Foi constatada a necessidade de ampliar o número de componentes analisados das amostras de aguardentes, para aumentar o coeficiente de correlação entre os dados analíticos e sensoriais, viabilizando a otimização no estabelecimento de parâmetros de condução da operação de destilação e das demais operações que compõem o processo de produção de aguardente. Constatou-se também que os teores de propanol e de acidez estão em contraste à qualidade sensorial do produto, cujos teores na aguardente são reduzidos pelo fracionamento do destilado.

The knowledge of substances related to sensorial quality of sugar cane distilled beverage is fundamental in the production monitoring, in its characteristical changes and/or beverage quality control. Separation, selection and concentration of these substances are performed during the distillation process. Physical-chemical and sensorial analyses of sixteen sugar cane distilled beverage samples were analized. Their relationships were established through the factor analysis by the principal component method. Afterwards the substance behaviour related to the beverage sensorial quality during the distillation was studied. A need of analysing a greater number of sugar cane distilled beverage components was detected in order to increase the correlation coefficient between analytical and sensorial data, optimizing the setting of parameters for the distillation process and for the other stages that take part in the sugar cane distilled beverage production. It was also noticed that the higher the propanol content and acidity levels the worst was the product sensorial quality. On the other hand, when the product distillation is fractioned, the acidity levels drop as well as the propanol contents in the sugar cane distilled beverage.