ABSTRACT Natural steroids and triterpenes such as b-sitosterol, stigmasterol, lupeol, ursolic and betulinic acids were transformed into its hexanoic and oleic esters, to evaluate the influence of chemical modification towards the cytotoxic activities against tumor cells. The derivatives were evaluated against five tumor cell lines [OVCAR-8 (ovarian carcinoma); SF-295 (glioblastoma); HCT-116 (colon adenocarcinoma); HL-60 (leukemia); and PC-3 (prostate carcinoma)] and the results showed only betulinic acid hexyl ester exhibits cytotoxic potential activity.

Four new epimeric spirostanol and furostanol-type steroidal saponins, (25R,S)-5α-spirostan-2α,3β-diol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside, (25R,S)-5α-spirostan-2α,3β-diol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside, 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R,S)-5α-furost-20-ene,2α,3β-diol 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside and 26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R,S)-5α-furost-20-ene,2α,3β-diol 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside, in addition to the known (25R,S)-5α-spirostan-2α,3β-diol 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, were isolated from Cestrum laevigatum. Compounds were submitted to cytotoxic activity assays using colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT-116), human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60), ovarian carcinoma (OVCAR-8), glioma (SF-295) human cancer cell lines, and the antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Candida parapsilosis, C. albicans, C. krusei, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

<p>An asymmetrical dimer of kaurane diterpene and monoterpene and four novel diterpenes were isolated from the roots of <italic>Croton limae</italic>, along with kaempferol-3-<italic>O</italic>-glucoside, ombuin- 3-O-rutinoside and acetyl aleuritolic acid. The cytotoxic activity of the kaurane diterpene was evaluated against colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT-116), ovarian carcinoma (OVCAR-8) and glioma (SF-295) cell lines, exhibiting IC₅₀ values of 7.14, 8.19 and > 10 µg mL⁻¹, respectively.</p>

A atividade citotóxica de cinco derivados 1,2,3-triazólicos da nor-²-lapachona e do precursor azidonaftoquinona, foi avaliada contra seis linhagens de células neoplásicas: SF-295 (sistema nervoso central), HCT-8 (cólon), MDAMB-435 (melanoma), HL-60 (leucemia), PC-3 (próstata) e B-16 (melanoma murino). Valores de IC50 entre 0,43 e 9,48 µM foram obtidos. A 3-(4-(1-hidróxicicloexil)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-il)-2,2-dimetilnaftol[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione apresentou-se altamente citotóxica contra MDAMB-435, com IC50 menor do que o encontrado para doxorubicina (controle positivo). Na tentativa de obter correlação entre parâmetros físico-químicos (potencial de redução e clog P) e atividade citotóxica, estudos eletroquímicos foram realizados em tampão acetato, pH 4,5, em eletrodo de carbono vítreo, e valores de log P calculados (clog P). Apesar da ausência de interação estrutural conjugativa entre o sistema quinônico e o anel triazólico, observou-se a influência do anel heterocíclico no comportamento voltamétrico, com deslocamento anódico dos potenciais de redução. Não se verificou correlação entre os parâmetros eletroquímicos (EpIc) e a atividade citotóxica. Por outro lado, a comparação de EpIc com atividades tripanocidas, já descritas, reafirmou a tendência de maior atividade biológica para quinonas mais eletrofílicas (> EpIc). Apesar da ausência de correlação direta, foi possível verificar que clog P influencia a atividade citotóxica: quanto menor a lipofilia (< clog P), menor a citotoxicidade (> IC50).

The cytotoxicities of five nor-²-lapachone-based 1,2,3-triazoles and the precursor azidonaphthoquinone were assayed against six neoplasic cancer cell lines: SF-295 (central nervous system), HCT-8 (colon), MDAMB-435 (melanoma), HL-60 (leukaemia), PC-3 (prostate) and B-16 (murine melanoma). IC50 values ranging from 0.43 to 9.48 µM were obtained. 3-(4-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1yl)-2,2-dimethylnaphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione proved highly cytotoxic to MDAMB-435, with IC50 even lower than the one from doxorubicin (positive control). In an attempt to correlate physicochemical parameters (reduction potentials and calculated log P) with cytotoxic activity, electrochemical studies were conducted in acetate buffer, pH 4.5, using a vitreous carbon electrode and calculated log P values were obtained. Despite the absence of a structural conjugative interaction between the two systems (quinone and triazole), the heterocyclic group was found to influence the voltammetric behaviour, as indicated by anodic shifts in the reduction potentials. No correlation was found between EpIc and cytotoxicity. In contrast, a comparison of EpIc with previously reported trypanocidal activities reconfirmed the trend for higher activity coupled with better quinone electrophilicity (> EpIc).A leading term in the correlation of cytoxicity, despite the absence of a linear correlation, was the calculated log P: the lower the lipophilicity, the lower the cytoxicity (> IC50).