Abstract Ornamental rock production, such as marble and granite plates, have great importance in the southeastern region of Brazil. Its residues are composed of some compounds used in continuous casting as mould fluxes. Therefore, the aim of this article was to study these residues to formulate mould fluxes. First, the raw materials were chemically characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and two new fluxes were developed based on two different commercial fluxes used for peritectic and low carbon steels. All fluxes were analyzed for their ability to form crystalline phases, by performing the modified Stollberg test. The slag formed was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thin section microscopy (TSM) technique, and a mathematical model for comparison. Also, sample fluidity was measured using the known “boat test” and viscosities were predicted by FactSage® software. Crystallinity and fluidity of new fluxes were compatible with those observed for the commercial fluxes. The FactSage® simulations identified crystalline phases, such as cuspidine (Ca4Si2O7F2), for all fluxes. In commercial low carbon flux (CLC) and new low carbon flux (NLC), X-ray results have shown that non-crystalline phases are formed. And in commercial peritectic flux (CP) and new peritectic flux (NP), X-ray results have shown crystalline phases. The results showed similar characteristics between the new fluxes and the commercial ones; however, further tests in an industrial setting are required to obtain additional information and confirm equivalent behavior during their industrial use.

Resumo: A governança de arranjos produtivos locais (APL) constitui importante meio de gestão, tendo em vista a complexidade de interfaces com os diferentes agentes do desenvolvimento local e regional envolvendo instituições, empresas e associações, com reflexos em estratégias regionais com foco em aglomerações produtivas. Este artigo é fruto de pesquisa e análise da governança do Arranjo Produtivo Local do Leite de Santana do Livramento (RS) a partir de um estudo de caso exploratório-descritivo de natureza qualitativa. Como resultados, verificou-se que o APL do Leite de Santana do Livramento apresenta predominantemente uma governança multilateral horizontal público-privada, ou seja, sua governança configura-se como híbrida, calcada na colaboração, confiança e com investimento em ativos específicos, minimizando as incertezas, indicando a potencialidade e perspectiva de um desenvolvimento sustentável.

Abstract: The governance of Local Productive Arrangements (LPA’s) represents an important path of management considering the complexity of interfaces with different agents of local and regional development involving institutions, enterprises and associations in response to regional strategies focusing on productive agglomerations. This paper results from a governance configuration analysis of the Local Productive Arrangement of milk from Santana do Livramento (RS). It is a descriptive-exploratory case study, with qualitative approach. Therefore, it was possible to verify that milk LPA from Santana do Livramento presents, predominantly, multilateral horizontal or public-private governance, although multiple ways configure it as hybrid governance based on collaboration, confidence and investment in specific assets, minimizing uncertainties, and indicating the potential and perspective of a sustainable development.

Crocidosema (= Epinotia) aporema (Walsingham) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) é uma broca das axilas que se alimenta de soja e leguminosas forrageiras. Sua importância econômica é restrita à América do Sul onde pode alternar, ao longo do ano, entre leguminosas forrageiras e grãos. O feromônio sexual das fêmeas de C. aporema é composto de uma mistura 15:1 de (7Z,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dieno-1-ol e acetato de (7Z,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dienila. Com o intuito de desenvolver uma ferramenta para monitoramento deste inseto praga, os dois componentes do feromônio foram sintetizados e avaliou-se, em um experimento de campo no Uruguai, a captura de machos em armadilhas iscadas com diferentes misturas do feromônio sintético. Os dienos conjugados foram obtidos a partir de 2-pentin-1-ol e 1,7-heptanodiol, através da oxidação do primeiro, seguido pelo acoplamento de Wittig e redução da ligação tripla catalisada com Zn. A mistura 1:1 testada no campo foi a mais eficiente na captura dos machos. As armadilhas de feromônio foram atrativas por mais de 40 dias, mesmo com pequenas quantidades dos compostos (0,1 mg) impregnadas nos septos, e com baixas densidades populacionais dos insetos no campo.

Crocidosema (= Epinotia) aporema (Walsingham) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a bud borer that feeds on soybean and forage legumes. Its economic importance is restricted to South America, where it can alternate throughout the year between forage and grain legumes. The sex pheromone of C. aporema females is composed of a 15:1 mixture of (7Z,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dien-1-ol and (7Z,9Z)-dodeca-7,9-dienyl acetate. Aiming at the development of a monitoring tool, it was synthesized both components of the pheromone and evaluated male captures in pheromone traps baited with different blends of synthetic pheromone, in an experimental soybean field in Uruguay. The conjugated dienes were obtained from 2-pentyn-1-ol and 1,7-heptanediol, by oxidation of the former, Wittig coupling and Zn-catalyzed reduction of the triple bond. The 1:1 mixture was the most efficient in capturing males. The pheromone traps were attractive for up to 40 days, even with small septum loads (0.1 mg) and low population levels.