Background: Mexico has a high rate of cervical cancer which represents an important public health issue. The treatment for this disease depends on the extension of the tumor; for the initial stages surgery is recommended, and for locally advanced tumors, a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is used. All this process affects natural antioxidant consumption and Quality of Life (QoL). Objective: To find out the effect that supplementation with antioxidants (β-carotene, vitamin C y vitamin E) has on oxidative stress, and quality of life in patient diagnosed with cervical cancer during treatments with cisplatin and radiotherapy. Materials and methods: We conducted a randomized, blind clinical trial in women with cervical cancer whose antineoplasic treatment was radiotherapy in and radiotherapy with cisplatin. Patients were randomly assigned to receive antioxidant therapy or a placebo. Plasma concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), free carbonyls, dityrosines, and carbonyl/protein rate in two different moments, before oncologic therapy, and after finishing oncology treatment, we also evaluated food consumption by using a validated food frequency questionnaire and a QOL questionnaire before treatment and after it was over. The effect of the antioxidant treatment was assessed by the use t-student test for independent and paired samples, as well as frequencies and X² for categorical variables. Results: We evaluated 103 patients who were randomly assigned to receive treatment with antioxidants 49 (47.60%) and placebo 54 (52.40%). We did not find statistically significant differences in food or antioxidant consumption according to the food frequency questionnaires. Most of the patients consumed more energy than needed to meet their requirement, but they did not consume enough of most of the antioxidants according to the Recommended Dailiy Allowance (RDA) recommendation. Serum levels of plasma free carbonyls and carbonil/mg of protein ratio were statistically significant (p < 0.009) which shows protein protection regarding oxidative stress in the supplemented group, this information was similar to the one found in the QOL questionnaire, which showed that Global QOL was better in the supplemented group (p < 0.025). Most of the patients had lower α-tocopherol and retinol plasma levels than the recommended values. Conclusions: Antioxidant supplementation showed to be effective in reducing oxidative stress in proteins, but it did not on food ingestion, patients did not meet their antioxidants requirement in their diets, in spite of an excess in energy consumption. Antioxidant plasma levels in most of the patients were lower than normal. QoL score was better in the supplemented group.

Introducción: En México el cáncer cérvico uterino representa un grave problema de salud pública. El tratamiento depende de su extensión; para los estadios iniciales, cirugía y para los localmente avanzados combinación de quimioterapia con cisplatino y radioterapia. Ambas terapias producen estrés oxidativo a nivel celular. Todo este proceso afecta el consumo de antioxidantes naturales y la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Conocer el efecto que tiene la suplementación con antioxidantes (β-caroteno, vitamina C y vitamina E) sobre el estrés oxidativo y por ello, la calidad de vida en la paciente con cáncer cérvico uterino durante el tratamiento antineoplásico con cisplatino y radioterapia. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado, ciego, longitudinal y prospectivo con controles pasivos. Se consideraron las pacientes que ingresaron con cáncer cérvico-uterino cuyo tratamiento antineoplásico fuera radioterapia y quimioterapia con cisplatino. Se asignó aleatoriamente a las pacientes a recibir un suplemento antioxidante diariamente o bien un placebo. Se determinó la concentración plasmática de malondialdehído (MDA), carbonilos libres, ditirosinas y rango carbonilo/mg de proteína, antes del inicio del tratamiento y al término del tratamiento oncológico, a su vez se llevó a cabo una encuesta de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos con el fin de evaluar el consumo dietético de energía, proteína, lípidos y antioxidantes, antes y después del tratamiento, así como una encuesta para evaluar calidad de vida; además se determinó el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC). Se realizó una prueba de t para muestras independientes y pareadas en variables continuas y frecuencias y X² para variables cualitativas a fin de determinar el efecto de la suplementación sobre los parámetros evaluados. Resultados: En este estudio participaron 103 pacientes, 49 (47,60%) recibieron tratamiento con antioxidantes y 54 (52,40%) recibieron placebo. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el consumo de alimentos de acuerdo a las encuestas realizadas, la mayoría de las pacientes consumían más energía y proteínas de las necesarias según sus requerimientos, pero no cubrían el mínimo de antioxidantes necesario para su edad según la IDR. La mayoría de las pacientes presentaron concentraciones séricas de antioxidantes menores a las recomendadas. Las concentraciones séricas de los carbonilos libres, marcador de daño oxidativo en proteínas mostró diferencias significativas comparando el grupo placebo con el suplementado (p < 0,001), sugiriendo un menor daño oxidativo, situación que se repitió favoreciendo la calidad de vida global (p < 0,025), mejor en pacientes suplementadas. Conclusiones: La suplementación con antioxidantes disminuyó el estrés oxidativo principalmente a nivel de proteínas, no influyó en la ingesta de alimentos, pero a pesar de que las pacientes consumieron más energía de la recomendada, no cubrieron su requerimiento de antioxidantes con la dieta. La calidad de vida mostró ser mejor en las pacientes suplementadas.

Background: increasing body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for GERD but little is known about this association in the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Aims: to determine the presence of heartburn and other related symptoms in relation with BMI in IBS. Methods: volunteers (n = 483) answered the Rome II-Modular Questionnaire, and were divided into IBS and non-IBS (controls) groups. The frequency of heartburn, chest pain, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting and belching was compared between the groups in the study sample and within three BMI categories. Results: the IBS (23.7%) and controls (76.3%) were similar in gender (females: 68.1%), age (32.2 ± 12.7 years), and BMI (25.4 ± 4.4). Raw associations analysis showed that heartburn: OR: 1.62 (95%CI: 1.04-2.53), chest pain: 1.77 (1.13-2.77), epigastric pain: 1.75 (1.03-2.98) and nausea: 2.45 (1.10-5.32) were more frequent in IBS vs. controls. Meanwhile, according to BMI, in those with obesity, heartburn was more frequent in IBS and among those with overweight, epigastric pain and nausea were also more frequent in IBS. However, in an adjusted log linear model, no significant interaction was found between BMI and any other studied symptom and heartburn was found to be independent of IBS: 1,4 (0.9, 4.7). Finally, a logistic regression model found no interaction between BMI and the presence of heartburn or IBS. Conclusions: while heartburn and other reflux-related symptoms are more frequent in IBS than in controls, these associations are independent of BMI.

Este trabalho visou à ressecção de fragmento dorsocaudal do lobo pulmonar caudal esquerdo com o auxílio de sutura mecânica por via toracoscópica. Foram utilizados 10 eqüinos clinicamente sadios, os quais foram sedados e mantidos em estação. O procedimento foi realizado no hemitórax esquerdo, por três acessos previamente programados: o primeiro acesso foi no 12º espaço intercostal (EIC), o segundo no 14º, 15º ou 16º EIC e o terceiro no 14º ou 15º EIC, conforme a necessidade de posicionamento dos instrumentos. Em todos os animais foi possível controlar o pneumotórax, sendo observada evolução clínica satisfatória durante o período pós-operatório, exceto em um animal. Os resultados obtidos indicam que, por meio da videotoracoscopia, pode-se realizar ressecção pulmonar parcial com uso de sutura mecânica em eqüinos e seu emprego na rotina hospitalar poderá contribuir para melhor compreensão e controle de enfermidades sediadas na cavidade torácica.

In this study, a dorsocaudal portion resection of the left caudal lung lobe was performed using an endoscopic stapler by thoracoscopic procedure. Ten healthy horses, eight males and two females were evaluated by clinical examination and submitted to the surgical procedure. The animals were sedated and maintained in standing position. The procedure was done in the left hemitorax using three access previously studied: the first portal was done at the 12th intercostal space (IS); the second one at the 14th, 15th, or 16th IS; and the third one at the 14th or 15th IS, in accordance with the necessity of positioning the instruments. The employed surgical technique seemed to be adequate in all animals, since it helped controlling the existing pneumothorax; furthermore, clinical recovery during the postoperative period was satisfactory, except for one animal. These results suggest that thoracoscopic may successfully be employed for partial lung resection in horses, using endoscopic staplers, and its practical use may contribute to the knowledge and resolution of thoracic diseases.