Abstract The structure of urban secondary forests and their potential for meliponiculture in the eastern Amazon was studied in the municipality of Belterra, Pará. The sampling was carried out in 25 plots of 40 m2 in two areas (0.1 ha) of secondary forests (SF), in which three classes of DBH values were considered (C1:1 cm ≤ DBH ≤ 5 cm; C2: 5 cm < DBH ≤ 10 cm and C3: DBH ≥ 10 cm). a total of 230 individuals were registered in SF I, comprising 66 species and 27 botanical families and 185 individuals in SF II, comprising 43 species distributed in 24 botanical families. The highest richness and abundance were verified for C1, followed by C2 in both areas. In SF I, the basal area values (G=1.509) were higher than in SF II, while the total volume (V=20.21) was higher than SF I, the mean height for C3 was higher in SF II, and C1 and C2 were higher in SF I. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher in SF I (H = 3.722) than in SF II (H=3.197). It was observed that 75% species have bee pollination systems (mellitophilous flora) and are thus considered sources of honey resources.

ABSTRACT Introduction Pelvic anatomy remains a challenge, and thorough knowledge of its intricate landmarks has major clinical and surgical implications in several medical specialties. The peritoneal reflection is an important landmark in intraluminal surgery, rectal trauma, impalement, and rectal adenocarcinoma. Objectives To investigate the correlation between the lengths of the middle rectal valve and of the peritoneal reflection determined with rigid sigmoidoscopy and to determine whether there are any differences in the location of the peritoneal reflection between the genders and in relation to body mass index (BMI) and parity. Design We prospectively investigated the location of the middle rectal valve and of the peritoneal reflection via intraoperative rigid sigmoidoscopy in colorectal cancer patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. Results We evaluated 38 patients with a mean age of 55.5 years old (57.5% males) who underwent colorectal surgery at the coloproctology service of the Hospital Santa Marcelina, São Paulo, state of São Paulo, Brazil. There was substantial agreement between the lengths of the middle rectal valve and of the peritoneal reflection (Kappa = 0.66). In addition, the peritoneal reflection was significantly lower in overweight patients (p = 0.013 for women and p < 0.005 for men) and in women with > 2 vaginal deliveries (p = 0.009), but there was no significant difference in the length of the peritoneal reflection between genders (p = 0.32). Conclusion There was substantial agreement between the lengths of the peritoneal reflection and of the middle rectal valve, and the peritoneal reflection was significantly lower in overweight patients and in women with more than two vaginal deliveries.

Abstract Background: Fatigue is a disabling symptom in the spectrum of Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting from 30% to 70% of the persons. Even though it is a common symptom, with negative repercussions for PD individuals, its correlation with balance is not established. Aim: The aims of this study were to verify the correlation between fatigue and balance in individuals with PD and to compare balance in individuals with PD that presents low fatigue or high fatigue. Methods: This study included 37 individuals with PD, who were divided into two groups: low fatigue (n = 25) and high fatigue (n = 12). Fatigue was evaluated using the Parkinson's disease Fatigue Scale and a force platform was used to assess four balance tasks: bipedal, tandem with eyes open/closed, and tandem with the dual-task, in three parameters: (1) 95% confidence ellipse area of the center of pressure (COP) (2) mean velocity (3) root mean square of COP. To verify the correlation between fatigue and balance, the Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient was assessed. Comparison of medians between the groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: There was no significant correlation between fatigue and balance. There was no difference between the groups with low and high fatigue. Conclusion: This study's findings, together with those reported in the literature, suggest there is no correlation between fatigue and balance, and even though individuals with PD report fatigue or experience situations of fatigue, they do not present greater posture instability than individuals with PD who do not report fatigue. Fatigue is a disabling symptom in the spectrum of Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting from

Resumo: Considerando a potencialidade do uso de literatura infantojuvenil na perspectiva de uma educação das relações étnico-raciais, em consonância com a Lei nº 10.639/2003, o conto O terreiro de vovó Estela, nosso pedacinho de África foi escrito com o objetivo de apresentar a história de Luanda e sua avó, Estela, que cultiva/cultua em seu quintal folhas que curam, usadas em rezas, chás, banhos e defumações. Projetando sua publicação e circulação em diferentes espaços educativos, é importante reconhecer a necessidade de submetermos seu conteúdo para avaliação de atores sociais. Assim, objetivamos avaliar o referido conto a partir da sua recepção por um grupo de professores(as), escritores(as) e pesquisadores(as). O formato avaliativo da recepção foi feito mediante um processo de validação de conteúdo, em que foi possível dimensionar melhor as possibilidades de uso, as críticas e as modificações da escrita, da linguagem, do alcance e do público-alvo. O conto foi avaliado e devidamente validado pelos(as) especialistas participantes, com contribuições significativas para a educação das relações étnico-raciais e o ensino da história e da cultura africana e afro-brasileira.

Abstract: There are potentialities in the use of children and youth’s literature in the perspective of the education of ethnic-racial relations, as proposed in the Brazilian legal document Lei nº 10.639/2003. Therefore, the tale Grandma Estela's terreiro, our little piece of Africa was written to introduce the story of Luanda and her grandmother Estela, who grows healing leaves in her backyard; which are used for prayers, teas, baths and smoking. While propelling its publication and circulation in different educational spaces, it is important to acknowledge that its content must be submitted to social actors for evaluation. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the tale from its reception by a group of teachers, writers and researchers. The evaluation format of the reception was developed through a content validation process, in which it was possible to better measure the possibilities for the use, criticism and changes in writing, language, scope and target audience. The story was evaluated and duly validated by specialists, who have significantly contributed for the education of ethnic-racial relations and the teaching of African and afro-Brazilian history and culture.

Resumen: Considerando el potencial del uso de la literatura infantil y juvenil en la perspectiva de una educación de las relaciones étnico-raciales, en consonancia con la Ley n. ° 10.639/2003, el cuento El terreiro de la abuelita Estela, nuestro pedacito de África fue escrito con el objetivo de presentar la historia de Luanda y su abuela, Estela, que cultiva, en su patio trasero, hojas que curan, usadas en oraciones, tés, baños y para ahumar. Al proyectar su publicación y circulación en diferentes espacios educativos, es importante reconocer la necesidad de presentar su contenido para su evaluación por parte de los actores sociales. Por lo tanto, nuestro objetivo es evaluar el cuento referido desde su recepción por un grupo de profesores, escritores e investigadores. El formato de evaluación de la recepción se realizó por medio de un proceso de validación de contenido, en el que fue posible medir mejor las posibilidades de uso, la crítica y los cambios de la escritura, del lenguaje, del alcance y del público objetivo. La historia fue evaluada y debidamente validada por los especialistas participantes, con importantes contribuciones a la educación de las relaciones étnico-raciales y la enseñanza de la historia y de la cultura africana y afrobrasileña.

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a existência de uma afinidade entre a estética de relatos cotidianos, testemunhos e diários com a experiência específica da pandemia do Covid-19. Partimos da ideia de que uma característica bastante compartilhada na experiência da pandemia tem sido o foco nos traços desse momento histórico na vida cotidiana, resultando num impulso para a presentificação. Nossa hipótese é que na experiência da fase da pandemia marcada pelo distanciamento e isolamento social se formou uma estrutura de sentimento que é maturada na produção e fruição de registros ordinários, uma valorização de formas como diários e testemunhos de pessoas comuns. Fazendo uso da experiência de um grupo virtual de compartilhamento de relatos e do mapeamento de diversas iniciativas de coletas de registros, o artigo analisa como certas experiências da pandemia do Covid-19 se relacionam com as noções de trauma, luto e extraordinário.

Abstract This essay aims to discuss the affinity between the aesthetics of everyday report, testimonial and diaries with the specificity of Covid-19 pandemic experience. It was noted the focus on the traces of this historical moment in everyday life as a very shared experience of the pandemic, which resulted in a boost to presentification. Our hypothesis is that a structure of feeling was formed in the experience of pandemic phase of social distancing and isolation. This structure was matured through the production and fruition of ordinary records as a valorization of the aesthetic forms as diaries and testimonials of ordinary people. Through the experience of a virtual group for sharing reports and the mapping of several initiatives on report collection, the essay analyses how certain Covid-19 pandemic experiences are related with the notions of trauma, mourning and extraordinary.

BACKGROUND: Even students with previous academic success may face challenges that affect their academic performance. Many medical schools offer programs to students at the risk of academic failure, to ensure that they succeed in the course. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: In this report we describe a pioneering academic tutoring program developed at a Brazilian medical school and discuss the initial results of the program based on the feedback from tutors and data regarding the progression of students in the medical course. RESULTS: In 2018, 33 students enrolled into the program. Students' performance difficulties were mainly associated with mental health problems and socioeconomic vulnerability. Of the 33 students, 27 (81.8%) were assisted by the Mental Health Support Service and 16 (48.5%) were assisted by the Social Assistance Service. In addition to the planning academic activity class load, tutors were able to assist students in solving socioeconomic issues, carrying out personal support interventions with the promotion of self-esteem, and presenting suggestions for behavioral changes in their routine. For most students (72%), the action plan proposed by the tutors was successful. Eight of the 14 (57%) students in the fourth year progressed to the final two years of in-hospital practical training (internship). CONCLUSIONS: The Academic Tutoring Program showed positive results for most of the students. Close monitoring and tutor intervention allowed students with poor academic performance to overcome the low performance cycle. These important tasks demand time and energy from tutors, and institutional recognition of these professionals is essential for the successful maintenance of the program.

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral perceber e analisar o papel da memória coletiva e social na reconstrução identitária e na ressocialização de angolanos em situação de refúgio na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O artigo parte de seis entrevistas exploratórias realizadas com refugiados angolanos no ano de 2018. Nessas entrevistas exploratórias foi percebido como as lembranças, memórias e esquecimento enredam e articulam estratégias pessoais e coletivas para a manutenção de suas origens, tradições e costumes frente à situação de refugiado em outro país. O apego às memórias torna-se uma marca indelével em suas trajetórias como refugiados, assim como, também, instrumentos importantes na construção e manutenção das identidades angolanas em estado de refúgio.

Abstract This article aims to understand and analyze the role of collective and social memory in the reconstruction of identity and resocialization of Angolans in a situation of refugee in Rio de Janeiro. The article is based on six exploratory interviews carried out with Angolan refugees, in 2018. In these exploratory interviews, remembrances, memories and forgetfulness intertwine and articulate personal and collective strategies to maintain their origins, traditions and customs in face of the refugee situation in another country. Clinging to memories becomes an indelible mark on their refugee trajectories, as well as an important instrument in the construction and maintenance of Angolan identities.

Abstract The frequencies of the Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles in the Puyanawa indigenous reserve population and their association with the NDO-LID and ELISA PGL-1 rapid serological test was assessed. This was a cross-sectional study with an epidemiological clinical design conducted in two indigenous communities in the state of Acre, Brazil. Blood was collected in a tube with EDTA to identify HLA alleles and perform serological tests. DNA was obtained using the salting out procedure. The LabType™ technique (One-Lambda-USA) was used for HLA class I (loci A*, B* and C*) and II (loci DRB1*, DQA1* and DQB1*) typing. Allele frequency was obtained by direct count, and the chi-square test was used to assess the association with the NDO-LID and PGL-1 tests. The most frequent alleles in the two communities were: HLA-A*02:01, HLA-B*40:02, HLA-DRB1*16:02, HLA-DQA1*05:05 and HLA-DQB1*03:01. The allele HLA-C*04:01 was the most common in the Barão community, and the allele HLA-C*07:01 in Ipiranga. Among individuals who presented seropositivity to the NDO-LID test, the association with alleles HLA-A*02 (43.18% vs 24.8%, p = 0.03, OR = 2.35) and HLA-B*53 (6.83% vs 0.0%, p = 0.03, OR = 8.95) was observed in the Barão community. HLA-B*15 was associated with non-seroconversion to the NDO-LID test in Ipiranga. In both communities, HLA-B*40 and HLA-C*03 were associated with positive serological response to ELISA PGL-1. The HLA class I and II alleles most frequently found in this study have already been described among Terena indigenous groups, and HLA class I contributes to seroconversion to NDO-LID and PGL-1 tests in inhabitants of the Barão and Ipiranga communities.

Resumen La utilización de efluente doméstico tratado en la agricultura es importante no sólo por servir como fuente hídrica, sino también nutricional para los cultivos. En este contexto, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el uso de efluente doméstico tratado para la producción de girasol ornamental cv. Anão de Jardim en sistema hidropónico de bajo costo tipo bancada, infiriendo sobre la viabilidad técnica y observando los posibles impactos sobre el cultivo. El experimento fue conducido en un invernadero, utilizando un diseño completamente aleatorio con cuatro tratamientos (T1 - solución nutritiva de Furlani 100%, preparada en agua de abastecimiento (control), T2, T3 y T4 - solución nutritiva de Furlani de 100, 75 y 50% fuerza, respectivamente, preparada con efluente doméstico tratado) y seis repeticiones, totalizando 24 unidades experimentales, siendo cada una constituida de 15 plantas. Todos los tratamientos atendieron las exigencias nutricionales de las plantas y presentaron niveles adecuados de N, P, K, Ca y Mg en la hoja y los tallos proporcionando un crecimiento satisfactorio de las plantas y produjeron capítulos y vástagos de calidad comercial aceptable. Las plantas bajo el tratamiento T4, aunque produjeron flores de calidad comercial, mostraron alta variabilidad en comparación a los otros tratamientos, por lo tanto cualquier otro tratamiento, excepto ese, puede ser utilizado para producción hidropónica de girasol ornamental utilizando los efluentes domésticos tratados.

Abstract The use of treated domestic effluent in agriculture is important not only as a source of water but also as a source of nutrients for crops. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate its use for the production of ornamental sunflower cv. Anão de Jardim in a bench-type low-cost hydroponic system, inferring on its technical feasibility and observing the possible impacts on the crop. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, adopting a completely randomized design with four treatments (T1 - nutrient solution of Furlani 100%, prepared in municipal supply water - control), T2, T3 and T4 - nutrient solution of Furlani, respectively, with 100, 75 and 50% strength, prepared in treated domestic effluent and six replicates, totalizing 24 experimental units, each consisting of 15 plants. All treatments met the nutritional requirements of the plants and had adequate contents of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in leaf and stem at harvest, leading to satisfactory plant growth, and produced acceptable commercial grade capitula and stems. The plants under treatment T4, despite producing capitula of commercial quality, exhibited great variability in comparison to the other treatments, therefore except this treatment any other treatment can be used for hydroponic production of ornamental sunflower utilizing treated domestic effluents.

RESUMO O artigo examina a força interventora de uma militância católica brasileira após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, impulsionada por uma matriz intelectual francesa e pelas experiências de vivência nos espaços de vulnerabilidade social. Paulo Freire, alvo específico da análise deste artigo, foi um desses militantes católicos dedicado ao campo educacional. Em sua obra Educação como prática de liberdade, publicada em 1967, Freire aplicou e formulou uma pedagogia da ação inspirada na filosofia política de Jacques Maritain e na filosofia da ação de Emmanuel Mounier, estabelecendo uma relação com a teoria marxista. Para melhor compreender essa movimentação dos atores sociais católicos e, em particular, de Paulo Freire na elaboração de um novo discurso pedagógico e de uma nova ação político-social no Brasil, o artigo mobiliza os conceitos de campo social em Pierre Bourdieu e de genealogia das relações de poder em Michel Foucault.

ABSTRACT The article examines the interventional force of the Brazilian Catholic militancy after the Second World War, which enabled for a French intellectual matrix and through the living experiences in spaces of social vulnerability. The specific target of the analysis of this article focuses on how Paulo Freire was one of these dedicated militant Catholics in the field of education. In his work Educação como prática de liberdade [Education as Practice of Freedom], published in 1967, Freire applied and created a pedagogy of action inspired by the political philosophy of Jacques Maritain and the philosophy of action of Emmanuel Mounier, establishing a relationship with Marxist theory. To better understand this movement of social Catholic actors and in particular, of Paulo Freire on the elaboration of a new pedagogical discourse and a new political social action in Brazil, this study presents the mobilization of the concepts of the social field of Pierre Bourdieu and Michel Foucault’s genealogy of power relations.

Resumo O achado de hipertensão pulmonar (HP) em avaliação ecocardiográfica é frequente e preocupante. No entanto, o ecocardiograma é apenas um exame sugestivo e não diagnóstico de HP. Quando se suspeita de acometimento direto da circulação pulmonar, está indicada medida hemodinâmica invasiva para estabelecer o diagnóstico. Essa avaliação permite, além da confirmação diagnóstica, a correta identificação do território vascular predominantemente acometido (arterial pulmonar ou pós-capilar). O tratamento com as medicações específicas de HP (inibidores da fosfodiestarese 5, antagonistas do receptor de endotelina, análogos da prostaciclina e estimulador da guanilil ciclase solúvel) é comprovadamente eficaz para pacientes com hipertensão arterial pulmonar, mas seu uso em pacientes com HP decorrente de doença cardíaca de câmaras esquerdas pode até mesmo ser prejudicial. Discutiremos nesta revisão o critério diagnóstico, a maneira de proceder a investigação etiológica, a classificação clínica e, finalmente, as recomendações terapêuticas na HP.

Abstract The finding of pulmonary hypertension (PH) by echocardiography is common and of concern. However, echocardiography is just a suggestive and non-diagnostic assessment of PH. When direct involvement of pulmonary circulation is suspected, invasive hemodynamic monitoring is recommended to establish the diagnosis. This assessent provides, in addition to the diagnostic confirmation, the correct identification of the vascular territory predominantly involved (arterial pulmonary or postcapillary). Treatment with specific medication for PH (phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, endothelin receptor antagonists and prostacyclin analogues) has been proven effective in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, but its use in patients with PH due to left heart disease can even be damaging. In this review, we discuss the diagnosis criteria, how etiological investigation should be carried out, the clinical classification and, finally, the therapeutic recommendations for PH.