Resumo A hipóxia é uma característica proeminente do câncer de cabeça e pescoço. No entanto, as características do elemento oxigênio das proteínas e como elas se adaptam aos microambientes de hipóxia do câncer de cabeça e pescoço ainda são desconhecidas. Sequências do genoma humano e dados expressos de proteínas de câncer de cabeça e pescoço foram recuperados do atlas de patologia do projeto Human Protein Atlas. Em seguida, comparou o conteúdo do elemento de oxigênio e carbono entre proteomas de câncer de cabeça e pescoço, e células epiteliais escamosas da mucosa oral normal, localizações do genoma, vias e dissecção funcional associada ao câncer de cabeça e pescoço também foram estudadas. Um total de 902 proteínas expressas diferencialmente foi observado onde o conteúdo médio de oxigênio é maior do que as proteínas expressas de forma humilde em proteínas de câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Além disso, o conteúdo médio de oxigênio das proteínas reguladas positivamente foi 2,54% maior do que das outras. Nenhum de seus genes codificadores foi distribuído no cromossomo Y. As proteínas reguladas positivamente foram enriquecidas em endocitose, apoptose e regulação do citoesqueleto de actina. O conteúdo aumentado de oxigênio das proteínas altamente expressas e reguladas pode ser causado pela atividade frequente do citoesqueleto e adaptado ao rápido crescimento e divisão das células cancerosas de cabeça e pescoço. O viés do uso de oxigênio e as proteínas-chave podem nos ajudar a entender os mecanismos por trás do câncer de cabeça e pescoço na terapia direcionada, o que estabelece uma base para a aplicação da estequioproteômica na terapia direcionada e oferece uma promessa para potenciais tratamentos para o câncer de cabeça e pescoço.

Abstract Hypoxia is a prominent feature of head and neck cancer. However, the oxygen element characteristics of proteins and how they adapt to hypoxia microenvironments of head and neck cancer are still unknown. Human genome sequences and proteins expressed data of head and neck cancer were retrieved from pathology atlas of Human Protein Atlas project. Then compared the oxygen and carbon element contents between proteomes of head and neck cancer and normal oral mucosa-squamous epithelial cells, genome locations, pathways, and functional dissection associated with head and neck cancer were also studied. A total of 902 differentially expressed proteins were observed where the average oxygen content is higher than that of the lowly expressed proteins in head and neck cancer proteins. Further, the average oxygen content of the up regulated proteins was 2.54% higher than other. None of their coding genes were distributed on the Y chromosome. The up regulated proteins were enriched in endocytosis, apoptosis and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. The increased oxygen contents of the highly expressed and the up regulated proteins might be caused by frequent activity of cytoskeleton and adapted to the rapid growth and fast division of the head and neck cancer cells. The oxygen usage bias and key proteins may help us to understand the mechanisms behind head and neck cancer in targeted therapy, which lays a foundation for the application of stoichioproteomics in targeted therapy and provides promise for potential treatments for head and neck cancer.

Mining method selection is one of the most important decisions to be made by mining engineers. To solve the decision-making problem regarding selection of the optimal longwall mining method for thin coal seams, we propose an approach that combines Monte Carlo simulation and the conventional analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Economic, technical, and ergonomic factors are taken into consideration in the process. With this approach, the confidence level of each method's score, as calculated by AHP, is determined by Monte Carlo simulation. The proposed approach is applied to a panel in Liangshuijing coal mine in China and the appropriate mining methods for this panel are ranked.

SUMMARY: The structural characteristics of the skin, types and distribution of mucous cells of Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) were studied at the light microscope level, stained with Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Alcian blue-periodie acid Schiff (ABPAS). The skin of both was composed of epidermis and dermis. The dermis was divided into stratum spongiosum and stratum compactum. The stained color of stratum compactum was stained more deeply than that of stratum spongiosum. The skin thickness displayed differences in the fish at different body positions. The thickest of epidermis layer was on the dorsal region for Yangtze sturgeon, reversely, the thinnest was the mandibular region; Stratum spongiosum on the mandibular region was the thickest, the stratum spongiosum of the maxillary region was not obvious. In summary, keratinized spines, a kind of keratin derivative, are widely distributed in the mandibular, ventral, dorsal, and caudal peduncle skin surface for Yangtze sturgeon, and some pit organs mainly present in the skin surface of the maxillary and ventral regions. In short, the small amount of mucous cells in the skin of Yangtze sturgeon and the type of mucous cell were main Type IV, nevertheless there was a distribution of a few Type III.

RESUMEN: Se estudiaron las características estructurales de la piel, los tipos y la distribución de las células mucosas del esturión Yangtze (Acipenser dabryanus) con microscopio de luz, teñidas con hematoxilina-eosina (HE) y azul alcián-ácido de Schiff (AB-PAS). La piel estaba compuesta por epidermis y dermis. La dermis se dividía en estrato esponjoso y estrato compacto. El grosor de la piel mostró diferencias en los peces en diferentes posiciones del cuerpo. La capa más gruesa de la epidermis se observó en la región dorsal del esturión Yangtze; a la inversa, la más delgada en la región mandibular. El estrato esponjoso en la región mandibular era el más grueso, el estrato esponjoso de la región maxilar no era visualizado. En resumen, las espinas queratinizadas, un tipo derivado de la queratina, estaban ampliamente distribuidas en la superficie de la piel del pedúnculo mandibular, ventral, dorsal y caudal en el esturión Yangtze, y algunos órganos en fosas, presentes principalmente en la superficie de la piel de las regiones mandibular y ventral. En resumen, la pequeña cantidad de células mucosas en la piel del esturión Yangtze y el tipo de célula mucosa eran células principales tipo IV, sin embargo, se observaron algunas células tipo III.

This study investigated the expression and regulation of IL-6R in hepatitis B-associated moderate hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Liver tissues, peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) and serum were collected from 26 hepatitis B patients with liver fibrosis and 35 hepatitis B patients with liver cirrhosis. The levels of Il-6r mRNA expression in these samples were examined by quantitative real-time PCR and IL-6R protein levels were analyzed by western blot and ELISA. MiRNAs that regulate IL-6R expression were predicted by bioinformatics analysis, and validated by dual luciferase reporter assay. Compared with the hepatic fibrosis group, IL-6R was significantly upregulated at both mRNA and protein levels in liver tissues, PBMs and serum samples from the hepatic cirrhosis group (P<0.05). The 3′UTR of Il-6r mRNA was predicted to contain a miR-30b binding site and IL-6R was identified as a possible target of miR-30b. MiR-30b expression was significantly downregulated in samples from hepatic cirrhosis patients compared with hepatic fibrosis patients (P<0.05). In conclusion, IL-6R was upregulated while miR-30b was decreased in patients with liver cirrhosis. The miR-30 can directly regulate the expression of IL-6R.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there was a difference of serum D-dimer between patients with aortic intramural haematoma and patients with classic acute aortic dissection. Methods: According to results of computed tomographic angiography, all the patients, who had an established diagnosis of acute aortic syndrome in the past four years in an affiliated hospital, were retrospectively classified into two groups: classic acute aortic dissection (AAD) group and aortic intramural haematoma (AIH) group. The serum D-dimer concentrations at admission and other clinical baseline characteristics between the two groups were compared. Furthermore, the occurrence of the main clinical complications was compared between the two groups. Fifty-one subjects were included. Thirty-eight patients (74.5%) were in the AAD group and thirteen (25.5%) in the AIH group. Results: D-dimer levels were significantly higher in AAD group (3.50 ± 1.72 mg/mL) than in AIH group (1.54 ± 1.50 mg/mL, p < 0.05). All patients with AAD had D-dimer levels above the threshold of 0.50 ng/mL (sensitivity 100%). However, two patients in the AIH group presented with D-dimer levels below the threshold. The sensitivity of the D-dimer test in detecting AIH was 84.6% (11/13). But there was no significant difference in sensitivity between the two groups (p > 0.05). The main clinical complication rate was 39.5% (15/38) in the AAD group and 30.8% (4/13) in the AIH group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: D-dimer levels are lower in patients with AIH than those in patients with AAD. Although it shows no difference of sensitivity between AAD and AIH, D-dimer can be negative in AAD patients. Moreover, patients with AIH have a similar clinical evolution during hospitalization compared to patients with AAD.

RESUMEN Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si existe diferencia de dímero-D plasmático entre pacientes con hematoma intramural aórtico y pacientes con disección aórtica aguda clásica. Métodos: Según los resultados de la angiografía tomográfica computarizada, todos los pacientes, que tenían un diagnóstico establecido de síndrome aórtico agudo en los últimos cuatro años en un hospital afiliado, fueron clasificados retrospectivamente en dos grupos: Grupo de disección aórtica aguda (DAA) clásica y el hematoma intramural aórtico (HIA). Se compararon las concentraciones séricas del dímeroD a la hora de la admisión y otras características clínicas de base entre los dos grupos. Además, se comparó la aparición de complicaciones clínicas principales entre ambos grupos. Se incluyeron cincuenta y un sujetos. En el grupo DAA había treinta y ocho pacientes (74.5%) y en el grupo HIA había trece (25.5%). Resultados: El dímero-D fue significativamente mayor en el grupo DAA (3.50 ± 1.72 mg/mL) que en el grupo HIA (1.54±1.50 mg/mL, p < 0.05). Todos los pacientes con DAA tenían niveles de dímero-D por encima del umbral de 0.50 ng/mL (100% sensibilidad). Sin embargo, dos pacientes en el grupo HIA presentaron niveles de dímero-D por debajo del umbral. La sensibilidad de la prueba de dímero D en la detección de HIA fue de 84.6% (11/13). Pero no hubo ninguna diferencia significativa en la sensibilidad entre los dos grupos (p > 0.05). La tasa de complicación clínica principal fue 39.5% (15/38) en el grupo DAA y 30.8% (4/13) en el grupo de HIA (p > 0.05). Conclusión: El dímero-D es inferior en los pacientes con HIA, comparado con los pacientes de DAA. Aunque no se muestra ninguna diferencia de sensibilidad entre DAA y HIA, el dímero-D puede ser negativo en los pacientes de DAA. Por otra parte, los pacientes con HIA tienen una evolución clínica similar durante la hospitalización en comparación con los pacientes con DAA.

The development of techniques and equipment for single-pass high-seam longwall mining in China is reviewed. Some methods used to obtain the fractured zone height are discussed. The boundary between the caved and fractured zones is generally not clear, but one important difference that distinguishes the two zones is that horizontal compressional forces exist only between blocks of fractured zone. Based on this, a theoretical method is presented to investigate the destabilizing modes of the main roof (by sliding or rotation) and is used to determine if the main roof is in the caved or fractured zone. This method considers the mining height, immediate roof thickness, bulking factor, main roof thickness, main roof strength, main roof periodic weighting interval, and vertical stress in the overlying strata. To verify the method, a representative physical model of Wangzhuang coal mine is developed. The movement of overlying strata and fractured zone height are thus obtained. According to the results, the total collapsed height of the strata reaches about 70 m above the coal floor; the first main roof bending interval is 45 m and periodic bending distance is 10-15 m; the maximum strata subsidence is around 62 mm; and the presence of a three-hinged arch causes the fluctuation of subsidence in the same stratum level. Based on the theoretical and experimental analysis, the middle of the main roof is considered the boundary between caved and fractured zone; the caved and fractured zone heights are about 21 and 49 m respectively.

This paper studies an online retail supply chain that includes one referral infomediary and one retailer, in which the infomediary provides demand referral service to retailers and incentive rebates to customers. A linear dual-channel demand with the effect of customer incentive and horizontal service cooperation model was established, and then the optimal policies of infomediary and retailers in centralized and decentralized supply chain were analyzed. Moreover, a horizontal cooperation contract based on customer incentive cost as well as referral service price was developed to coordinate the supply chain. The results revealed that the contract contributed to profit optimization of online retail supply chain and effective win-win cooperation. Finally, we analyze the impact of rebate sensitivity and market share on these optimal policies and illustrate the results by some numerical examples.

The incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of fulvic acid (FA) on phosphorus (P) movement and transformation in acid soil. FA at the rate of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 g and in combination with 0.19 g KH2PO4 was sprinkled uniformly on the surface of the filter paper on the soil cylinder for 21 days incubation, respectively. The result showed that the pH of soil treated with FA increased from the original value of 5.83 to the highest value of 6.27 in the surface soil layer after 21 days incubation. Due to the application of FA, exchangeable Al concentration evidently decreased in comparison to the only P treatment, which in turn significantly increased available P concentration. FA also increased the movement length of P that reached 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 cm depth for treatments reinforced with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g FA per column, respectively. As FA was added into soil, microbial population, organic matter content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) all clearly elevated. It is suggested that P fertilizer and FA are fertilized together may be considered as an optimum choice for the improvement of P availability and soil physicochemical conditions.