Abstract Part of the oil found in the Brazilian subsoil has a high wax content, which makes its flow process difficult at low temperatures because of the increase in the viscosity of the fluid. This paper studied the flow behavior of waxy crude oil under variation in the temperature of the external environment of the flow, the volumetric flow rate of the oil and the emulsified water content of the oil. The results were compared with those obtained for a non-waxy crude oil that had similar rheological properties at temperatures above the wax appearance temperature (WAT). The proposed tests were based on the experimental design technique, and the behavior of the fluids was evaluated based on the pressure variation generated by the flow.

A method for analysis of the electric potential profile in saline solutions was developed for systems with one or two infinite flat plates. A modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation, taking into account nonelectrostatic interactions between ions and surfaces, was used. To solve the stated problem in the steady-state approach the finite-difference method was used. For the formulated pseudo-transient problem, we solved the set of ordinary differential equations generated from the algebraic equations of the stationary case. A case study was also carried out in relation to temperature, solution concentration, surface charge and salt-type. The results were validated by the stationary problem solution, which had also been used to verify the ionic specificity for different salts. The pseudo-transient approach allowed a better understanding of the dynamic behavior of the ion-concentration profile and other properties due to the surface charge variation.

OBJETIVO: Validar uma escala de qualidade de vida, o EuroQoL-5D, em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC). MÉTODO: O EuroQoL-5 Dimensões (EQ-5D), NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) e o Índice de Barthel modificado (IBm) foram aplicados simultaneamente a 67 pacientes. O teste de Pearson foi utilizado para correlacionar as escalas. Adicionalmente, 31 pacientes foram avaliados por dois investigadores independentes, no mesmo dia para aplicação do EQ-5D. O índice Kappa foi utilizado para avaliar a variabilidade interexaminadores. RESULTADOS: O EQ-5D mostrou boa correlação com a gravidade do déficit neurológico (NIHSS: r= -0,404; P<0,001) e com o grau de restrição às atividade da vida diária (IBm: r=0,512; P<0,001). Houve uma boa concordância interexaminadores (k>0,60) em todas as dimensões avaliadas (P<0,01). CONCLUSÃO: O EQ-5D é reprodutível e válido na avaliação da qualidade de vida de pacientes pós-AVC no Brasil.

OBJECTIVE: To validate a quality of life scale, EuroQoL, on stroke patients. METHOD: 67 patients were scored simultaneously for EuroQoL-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Barthel Index (mBI). Pearson test was used to correlate each scale. Additionally, 31 patients were examined by two independent evaluators on the same day through application of EQ-5D. Kappa statistics were used to evaluate interobserver agreement. RESULTS: EQ-5D showed good correlation with both stroke severity (NIHSS, r= -0.404, P<0.001) and degree of impairment on activities of daily living (mBI, r=0.512, P<0.001). We noticed a good interobserver agreement (k>0.60) in all dimensions evaluated (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that EQ-5D is reproducible and valid on evaluation of quality of life in patients post stroke in Brazil.

The overcompleteness of the coherent states basis leads to a multiplicity of representations of Feynman's path integral. These different representations, although equivalent quantum mechanically, lead to different semiclassical limits. Two such semiclassical formulas were derived in [1] for the two corresponding path integral forms suggested by Klauder and Skagerstan in [2]. Each of these formulas involve trajectories governed by a different classical representation of the Hamiltonian operator: the P representation in one case and the Q representation in other. In this paper we construct a third representation of the path integral whose semiclassical limit involves directly the Weyl representation of the Hamiltonian operator, i.e., the classical Hamiltonian itself.

The stylohyoid chain has caught the attention due to the big incidence of the elongated styloid process of temporal bone with characterizes the Eagle's Syndrome, rating 28% of the population. The purpose of this work is to describe the method of approach by the macroscopic dissection of the stylohyoid chain. Using 15 neck regions of male sex dead bodies, the method has brought a result of 30 stylohyoid chains and verified that the approach from both edges of the chain, prevents the risk of lesion the styloid ligament and preserves the entirety of the stylohyoid chain

La cadena estilohioídea está mereciendo considerable atención debido a la gran incidencia del alargue de uno de sus elementos llamado proceso estiloide del hueso temporal, que caracteriza al Síndrome de Eagle, llegando a alcanzar el 28% de la población. Nuestro trabajo tiene como objetivo describir un método de disección macroscópica para un abordaje de la cadena estilohioídea. Utilizando 15 regiones del cuello de cadáveres humanos, de sexo masculino se obtuvieron 30 cadenas estilohioídeas a través del método de disección macroscópica, observándose que el método de acceso por etapas, a partir de ambas extremidades de la cadena, es el que ofrece menor riesgo de lesión del ligamento estiloihíodeo preservándose, de esta manera, la integridad de la cadena estilohioídea